Skip to main content
PMC home page
Gut logoLink to Gut
. 2002 May;50(Suppl 3):iii19–iii24. doi: 10.1136/gut.50.suppl_3.iii19

Helicobacter and gastric MALT lymphoma

M Stolte, E Bayerdorffer, A Morgner, B Alpen, T Wundisch, C Thiede, A Neubauer
PMCID: PMC1867678  PMID: 11953328

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (175.5 KB).

Figure 3 .

Figure 3

Open in a new tab

Complete remission of a low grade MALT lymphoma after H pylori eradication with the typical picture of an empty lamina propria.

Figure 1 .

Figure 1

Open in a new tab

Partial destruction of a gastric gland by infiltrates of a low grade MALT lymphoma (immunohistochemistry with CD 20 antibody).

Figure 2 .

Figure 2

Open in a new tab

Multiple lymphoepithelia lesions in a low grade MALT lymphoma (immunohistochemistry with a pancytokeratin antibody).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aiello A., Giardini R., Tondini C., Balzarotti M., Diss T., Peng H., Delia D., Pilotti S. PCR-based clonality analysis: a reliable method for the diagnosis and follow-up monitoring of conservatively treated gastric B-cell MALT lymphomas? Histopathology. 1999 Apr;34(4):326–330. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2559.1999.00628.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Akagi T., Motegi M., Tamura A., Suzuki R., Hosokawa Y., Suzuki H., Ota H., Nakamura S., Morishima Y., Taniwaki M. A novel gene, MALT1 at 18q21, is involved in t(11;18) (q21;q21) found in low-grade B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Oncogene. 1999 Oct 14;18(42):5785–5794. doi: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203018. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Alkan S., Karcher D. S., Newman M. A., Cohen P. Regression of salivary gland MALT lymphoma after treatment for Helicobacter pylori. Lancet. 1996 Jul 27;348(9022):268–269. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)65578-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bayerdörffer E., Neubauer A., Rudolph B., Thiede C., Lehn N., Eidt S., Stolte M. Regression of primary gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. MALT Lymphoma Study Group. Lancet. 1995 Jun 24;345(8965):1591–1594. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(95)90113-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cogliatti S. B., Schmid U., Schumacher U., Eckert F., Hansmann M. L., Hedderich J., Takahashi H., Lennert K. Primary B-cell gastric lymphoma: a clinicopathological study of 145 patients. Gastroenterology. 1991 Nov;101(5):1159–1170. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(91)90063-q. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Dierlamm J., Baens M., Wlodarska I., Stefanova-Ouzounova M., Hernandez J. M., Hossfeld D. K., De Wolf-Peeters C., Hagemeijer A., Van den Berghe H., Marynen P. The apoptosis inhibitor gene API2 and a novel 18q gene, MLT, are recurrently rearranged in the t(11;18)(q21;q21) associated with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphomas. Blood. 1999 Jun 1;93(11):3601–3609. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dragosics B., Bauer P., Radaszkiewicz T. Primary gastrointestinal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. A retrospective clinicopathologic study of 150 cases. Cancer. 1985 Mar 1;55(5):1060–1073. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19850301)55:5<1060::aid-cncr2820550523>3.0.co;2-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Eidt S., Stolte M., Fischer R. Helicobacter pylori gastritis and primary gastric non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. J Clin Pathol. 1994 May;47(5):436–439. doi: 10.1136/jcp.47.5.436. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Enno A., O'Rourke J. L., Howlett C. R., Jack A., Dixon M. F., Lee A. MALToma-like lesions in the murine gastric mucosa after long-term infection with Helicobacter felis. A mouse model of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric lymphoma. Am J Pathol. 1995 Jul;147(1):217–222. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Enno A., O'Rourke J., Braye S., Howlett R., Lee A. Antigen-dependent progression of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)-type lymphoma in the stomach. Effects of antimicrobial therapy on gastric MALT lymphoma in mice. Am J Pathol. 1998 Jun;152(6):1625–1632. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Falcó Jover G., Martínez Egea A., Sánchez Cuenca J., Onrubia Pintado J., García Lafuente N., Ruiz Gómez F., Coronas Planas M. Regression of primary gastric B-cell mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 1999 Aug;91(8):541–548. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Fan Y. S., Rizkalla K., Engel J. Interstitial deletion of 8(q13q22) in diffuse large B-cell gastric lymphoma. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1999 Nov;115(1):28–31. doi: 10.1016/s0165-4608(99)00078-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Ferreri A. J., Cordio S., Paro S., Ponzoni M., Freschi M., Veglia F., Villa E. Therapeutic management of stage I-II high-grade primary gastric lymphomas. Oncology. 1999;56(4):274–282. doi: 10.1159/000011978. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Fischbach W., Dragosics B., Kolve-Goebeler M. E., Ohmann C., Greiner A., Yang Q., Böhm S., Verreet P., Horstmann O., Busch M. Primary gastric B-cell lymphoma: results of a prospective multicenter study. The German-Austrian Gastrointestinal Lymphoma Study Group. Gastroenterology. 2000 Nov;119(5):1191–1202. doi: 10.1053/gast.2000.19579. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Fischbach W., Tacke W., Greiner A., Konrad H., Müller-Hermelink Regression of immunoproliferative small intestinal disease after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Lancet. 1997 Jan 4;349(9044):31–32. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(05)62165-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Harris N. L., Jaffe E. S., Stein H., Banks P. M., Chan J. K., Cleary M. L., Delsol G., De Wolf-Peeters C., Falini B., Gatter K. C. A revised European-American classification of lymphoid neoplasms: a proposal from the International Lymphoma Study Group. Blood. 1994 Sep 1;84(5):1361–1392. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Hoeve M. A., Gisbertz I. A., Schouten H. C., Schuuring E., Bot F. J., Hermans J., Hopman A., Kluin P. M., Arends J. W., van Krieken J. H. Gastric low-grade MALT lymphoma, high-grade MALT lymphoma and diffuse large B cell lymphoma show different frequencies of trisomy. Leukemia. 1999 May;13(5):799–807. doi: 10.1038/sj.leu.2401404. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Hussell T., Isaacson P. G., Crabtree J. E., Spencer J. The response of cells from low-grade B-cell gastric lymphomas of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue to Helicobacter pylori. Lancet. 1993 Sep 4;342(8871):571–574. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(93)91408-e. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Isaacson P. G., Diss T. C., Wotherspoon A. C., Barbazza R., De Boni M., Doglioni C. Long-term follow-up of gastric MALT lymphoma treated by eradication of H. pylori with antibodies. Gastroenterology. 1999 Sep;117(3):750–751. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5085(99)70483-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Isaacson P. G. Gastric MALT lymphoma: from concept to cure. Ann Oncol. 1999 Jun;10(6):637–645. doi: 10.1023/a:1008396618983. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Isaacson P. G., Spencer J. Malignant lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Histopathology. 1987 May;11(5):445–462. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.1987.tb02654.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Isaacson P. G., Spencer J., Wright D. H. Classifying primary gut lymphomas. Lancet. 1988 Nov 12;2(8620):1148–1149. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(88)90574-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Isaacson P., Wright D. H. Malignant lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. A distinctive type of B-cell lymphoma. Cancer. 1983 Oct 15;52(8):1410–1416. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19831015)52:8<1410::aid-cncr2820520813>3.0.co;2-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Liu H., Ruskon-Fourmestraux A., Lavergne-Slove A., Ye H., Molina T., Bouhnik Y., Hamoudi R. A., Diss T. C., Dogan A., Megraud F. Resistance of t(11;18) positive gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma to Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy. Lancet. 2001 Jan 6;357(9249):39–40. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)03571-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Matsumoto T., Iida M., Shimizu M. Regression of mucosa-associated lymphoid-tissue lymphoma of rectum after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Lancet. 1997 Jul 12;350(9071):115–116. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)61818-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Meining A., Stolte M., Hatz R., Lehn N., Miehlke S., Morgner A., Bayerdörffer E. Differing degree and distribution of gastritis in Helicobacter pylori-associated diseases. Virchows Arch. 1997 Jul;431(1):11–15. doi: 10.1007/s004280050063. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Morgner A., Bayerdörffer E., Neubauer A., Stolte M. Gastric MALT lymphoma and its relationship to Helicobacter pylori infection: management and pathogenesis of the disease. Microsc Res Tech. 2000 Mar 15;48(6):349–356. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0029(20000315)48:6<349::AID-JEMT5>3.0.CO;2-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Morgner A., Lehn N., Andersen L. P., Thiede C., Bennedsen M., Trebesius K., Neubauer B., Neubauer A., Stolte M., Bayerdörffer E. Helicobacter heilmannii-associated primary gastric low-grade MALT lymphoma: complete remission after curing the infection. Gastroenterology. 2000 May;118(5):821–828. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5085(00)70167-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Morgner A., Miehlke S., Fischbach W., Schmitt W., Müller-Hermelink H., Greiner A., Thiede C., Schetelig J., Neubauer A., Stolte M. Complete remission of primary high-grade B-cell gastric lymphoma after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection. J Clin Oncol. 2001 Apr 1;19(7):2041–2048. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2001.19.7.2041. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Murayama H., Kikuchi M., Eimoto T., Doki T., Doki K. Early lymphoma coexisting with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia of the stomach. Acta Pathol Jpn. 1984 May;34(3):679–686. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1827.1984.tb07596.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Nagashima R., Takeda H., Maeda K., Ohno S., Takahashi T. Regression of duodenal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Gastroenterology. 1996 Dec;111(6):1674–1678. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5085(96)70032-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Neubauer A., Thiede C., Morgner A., Alpen B., Ritter M., Neubauer B., Wündisch T., Ehninger G., Stolte M., Bayerdörffer E. Cure of Helicobacter pylori infection and duration of remission of low-grade gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997 Sep 17;89(18):1350–1355. doi: 10.1093/jnci/89.18.1350. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Ng W. W., Lam C. P., Chau W. K., Fen-Yau Li A., Huang C. C., Chang F. Y., Lee S. D. Regression of high-grade gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma with Helicobacter pylori after triple antibiotic therapy. Gastrointest Endosc. 2000 Jan;51(1):93–96. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5107(00)70399-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Nobre-Leitão C., Lage P., Cravo M., Cabeçadas J., Chaves P., Alberto-Santos A., Correia J., Soares J., Costa-Mira F. Treatment of gastric MALT lymphoma by Helicobacter pylori eradication: a study controlled by endoscopic ultrasonography. Am J Gastroenterol. 1998 May;93(5):732–736. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.215_a.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Ohashi S., Segawa K., Okamura S., Urano H., Kanamori S., Ishikawa H., Hara K., Hukutomi A., Shirai K., Maeda M. A clinicopathologic study of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. Cancer. 2000 May 15;88(10):2210–2219. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(20000515)88:10<2210::aid-cncr3>3.0.co;2-i. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Ott G., Katzenberger T., Greiner A., Kalla J., Rosenwald A., Heinrich U., Ott M. M., Müller-Hermelink H. K. The t(11;18)(q21;q21) chromosome translocation is a frequent and specific aberration in low-grade but not high-grade malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT-) type. Cancer Res. 1997 Sep 15;57(18):3944–3948. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. PALMER E. D. The sarcomas of the stomach: a review with reference to gross pathology and gastroscopic manifestations. Am J Dig Dis. 1950 Jun;17(6):186–195. doi: 10.1007/BF03005008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Parsonnet J., Hansen S., Rodriguez L., Gelb A. B., Warnke R. A., Jellum E., Orentreich N., Vogelman J. H., Friedman G. D. Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 1994 May 5;330(18):1267–1271. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199405053301803. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Pinotti G., Zucca E., Roggero E., Pascarella A., Bertoni F., Savio A., Savio E., Capella C., Pedrinis E., Saletti P. Clinical features, treatment and outcome in a series of 93 patients with low-grade gastric MALT lymphoma. Leuk Lymphoma. 1997 Aug;26(5-6):527–537. doi: 10.3109/10428199709050889. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Qin Y., Greiner A., Trunk M. J., Schmausser B., Ott M. M., Müller-Hermelink H. K. Somatic hypermutation in low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue-type B-cell lymphoma. Blood. 1995 Nov 1;86(9):3528–3534. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Radaszkiewicz T., Dragosics B., Bauer P. Gastrointestinal malignant lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue: factors relevant to prognosis. Gastroenterology. 1992 May;102(5):1628–1638. doi: 10.1016/0016-5085(92)91723-h. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Roggero E., Zucca E., Pinotti G., Pascarella A., Capella C., Savio A., Pedrinis E., Paterlini A., Venco A., Cavalli F. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection in primary low-grade gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. Ann Intern Med. 1995 May 15;122(10):767–769. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-122-10-199505150-00006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Ruskoné-Fourmestraux A., Lavergne A., Aegerter P. H., Megraud F., Palazzo L., de Mascarel A., Molina T., Rambaud J. L. Predictive factors for regression of gastric MALT lymphoma after anti-Helicobacter pylori treatment. Gut. 2001 Mar;48(3):297–303. doi: 10.1136/gut.48.3.297. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Sackmann M., Morgner A., Rudolph B., Neubauer A., Thiede C., Schulz H., Kraemer W., Boersch G., Rohde P., Seifert E. Regression of gastric MALT lymphoma after eradication of Helicobacter pylori is predicted by endosonographic staging. MALT Lymphoma Study Group. Gastroenterology. 1997 Oct;113(4):1087–1090. doi: 10.1053/gast.1997.v113.pm9322502. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Savio A., Franzin G., Wotherspoon A. C., Zamboni G., Negrini R., Buffoli F., Diss T. C., Pan L., Isaacson P. G. Diagnosis and posttreatment follow-up of Helicobacter pylori-positive gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue: histology, polymerase chain reaction, or both? Blood. 1996 Feb 15;87(4):1255–1260. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Savio A., Franzin G., Wotherspoon A. C., Zamboni G., Negrini R., Buffoli F., Diss T. C., Pan L., Isaacson P. G. Diagnosis and posttreatment follow-up of Helicobacter pylori-positive gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue: histology, polymerase chain reaction, or both? Blood. 1996 Feb 15;87(4):1255–1260. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Seymour J. F., Anderson R. P., Bhathal P. S. Regression of gastric lymphoma with therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection. Ann Intern Med. 1997 Aug 1;127(3):247–247. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-127-3-199708010-00026. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Steinbach G., Ford R., Glober G., Sample D., Hagemeister F. B., Lynch P. M., McLaughlin P. W., Rodriguez M. A., Romaguera J. E., Sarris A. H. Antibiotic treatment of gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. An uncontrolled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1999 Jul 20;131(2):88–95. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-131-2-199907200-00003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Stolte M., Eidt S. Lymphoid follicles in antral mucosa: immune response to Campylobacter pylori? J Clin Pathol. 1989 Dec;42(12):1269–1271. doi: 10.1136/jcp.42.12.1269. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Stolte M., Eidt S. The diagnosis of early gastric lymphoma. Z Gastroenterol. 1991 Jan;29(1):6–10. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Stolte M. Helicobacter pylori gastritis and gastric MALT-lymphoma. Lancet. 1992 Mar 21;339(8795):745–746. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(92)90645-j. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Stolte M., Wellens E., Bethke B., Ritter M., Eidt H. Helicobacter heilmannii (formerly Gastrospirillum hominis) gastritis: an infection transmitted by animals? Scand J Gastroenterol. 1994 Dec;29(12):1061–1064. doi: 10.3109/00365529409094888. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Thiede C., Wündisch T., Alpen B., Neubauer B., Morgner A., Schmitz M., Ehninger G., Stolte M., Bayerdörffer E., Neubauer A. Long-term persistence of monoclonal B cells after cure of Helicobacter pylori infection and complete histologic remission in gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue B-cell lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2001 Mar 15;19(6):1600–1609. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2001.19.6.1600. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Thiede C., Wündisch T., Neubauer B., Alpen B., Morgner A., Ritter M., Ehninger G., Stolte M., Bayerdörffer E., Neubauer A. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori and stability of remissions in low-grade gastric B-cell lymphomas of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue: results of an ongoing multicenter trial. Recent Results Cancer Res. 2000;156:125–133. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-57054-4_16. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. Trebesius K., Adler K., Vieth M., Stolte M., Haas R. Specific detection and prevalence of Helicobacter heilmannii-like organisms in the human gastric mucosa by fluorescent in situ hybridization and partial 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing. J Clin Microbiol. 2001 Apr;39(4):1510–1516. doi: 10.1128/JCM.39.4.1510-1516.2001. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Weismüller J., Seifert E., Goronzy R., Stolte M. Das maligne Lymphom des Magens: Fortschritte in der Frühdiagnostik. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 1986 Dec 9;75(50):1531–1532. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Wotherspoon A. C., Doglioni C., Diss T. C., Pan L., Moschini A., de Boni M., Isaacson P. G. Regression of primary low-grade B-cell gastric lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue type after eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Lancet. 1993 Sep 4;342(8871):575–577. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(93)91409-f. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Wotherspoon A. C., Ortiz-Hidalgo C., Falzon M. R., Isaacson P. G. Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis and primary B-cell gastric lymphoma. Lancet. 1991 Nov 9;338(8776):1175–1176. doi: 10.1016/0140-6736(91)92035-z. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. Wyatt J. I., Rathbone B. J. Immune response of the gastric mucosa to Campylobacter pylori. Scand J Gastroenterol Suppl. 1988;142:44–49. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. de Jong D., Boot H., van Heerde P., Hart G. A., Taal B. G. Histological grading in gastric lymphoma: pretreatment criteria and clinical relevance. Gastroenterology. 1997 May;112(5):1466–1474. doi: 10.1016/s0016-5085(97)70026-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Gut are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES