. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2007 May 14.

Published in final edited form as: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2007 Feb 13;92(5):1640–1646. doi: 10.1210/jc.2006-0572

Table 4.

The genetic and environmental correlations between obesity-related phenotypes and weight-adjusted bone mass inferred from the whole sample in Caucasians

		Lumbar spine BMD (g/cm²)	Femoral neck BMD (g/cm²)	Total body BMC (kg)
Fat mass (kg)	ρ_G	−0.16^**	−0.23^**	−0.51^**
Fat mass (kg)	ρ_E	−0.17^**	−0.28^**	−0.65^**
Lean mass (kg)	ρ_G	0.33^**	0.28^**	0.70^**
Lean mass (kg)	ρ_E	0.21^**	0.16^**	0.56^**
Percentage fat mass (%)	ρ_G	−0.23^**	−0.32^**	−0.56^**
Percentage fat mass (%)	ρ_E	−0.20^**	−0.30^**	−0.58^**

^**

Note: p<0.01.

ρ_G (Genetic correlation) is the correlation due to genes shared by bone mass and obesity. ρ_E (Environmental correlation) is the correlation due to shared environmental factors. We calculated ρ_P (Phenotypic correlation) between two traits by formula using h², ρ_G, and ρ_E .

p values were estimated by comparison with the likelihood of a nested model in which either ρ_G or ρ_E was fixed at zero (for ρ_G and ρ_E , respectively), or both were fixed at zero (for ρ_P ).