Skip to main content
Canadian Medical Association Journal logoLink to Canadian Medical Association Journal
. 1978 Jan 7;118(1):53–58.

The intrauterine contraceptive device.

B N Barwin, S Tuttle, E E Jolly
PMCID: PMC1880477  PMID: 620385

Abstract

This presentation brings into perspective the most recent information on intrauterine contraceptive devices. A comprehensive review of the literature is presented in a manner meaningful to the clinician. The advantages and disadvantages of this method of contraception, the problems that arise and the recommended methods of management are discussed. An updated review of the literature with regard to bleeding, pain, expulsion of the device, infection, uterine perforation and pregnancy is also presented.

Full text

PDF
53

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Acker D., Boehm F. H., Askew D. E., Rothman H. Electrocardiogram changes with intrauterine contraceptive device insertion. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1973 Feb 15;115(4):458–461. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(73)90390-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Alvior G. T., Jr Pregnancy outcome with removal of intrauterine device. Obstet Gynecol. 1973 Jun;41(6):894–896. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bengtsson L. P., Moawad A. H. The effect of the Lippes loop on human myometrial activity. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1967 Aug 1;98(7):957–965. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(67)90082-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Blasco L., Mikhail G. Practical use of hormone assays in the management of female infertility. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1974 Dec;17(4):79–85. doi: 10.1097/00003081-197412000-00006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Coutinho E. M. Physiologic and pharmacologic studies of the human oviduct. Fertil Steril. 1971 Dec;22(12):807–815. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Davis H. J., Lesinski J. Mechanism of action of intrauterine contraceptives in women. Obstet Gynecol. 1970 Sep;36(3):350–358. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Faulkner W. L., Ory H. W. Intrauterine devices and acute pelvic inflammatory disease. JAMA. 1976 Apr 26;235(17):1851–1853. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hagenfeldt K. Intrauterine contraception with the copper-T device. 2. Influence on endometrial acid and alkaline phosphatase, beta-glucuronidase and lactic dehydrogenase activities. Contraception. 1972 Sep;6(3):191–206. doi: 10.1016/0010-7824(72)90060-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kar A. B., Engineer A. D., Goel R., Kamboj V. P., Dasgupta P. R., Chowdhury S. R. Effect of an intrauterine contraceptive device on biochemical composition of uterine fluid. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1968 Aug 1;101(7):966–970. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(68)90283-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Lippes J. The importance of insertion technique for improving results with the copper T. J Obstet Gynaecol India. 1975 Feb;25(1):102–105. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. MacMath I. F. Antifibrinolytic control of menorrhagia after I.U.D. insertion. Practitioner. 1973 Mar;210(257):417–420. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Mead P. B., Beecham J. B., Maeck J. V. Incidence of infections associated with the intrauterine contraceptive device in an isolated community. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1976 May 1;125(1):79–82. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(76)90896-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Mishell D. R., Jr Current status of contraceptive steroids and the intrauterine device. Clin Obstet Gynecol. 1974 Mar;17(1):35–51. doi: 10.1097/00003081-197403000-00007. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Scommegna A., Avila T., Luna M., Dmowski W. P. Fertility control by intrauterine release of progesterone. Obstet Gynecol. 1974 May;43(5):769–779. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Seward P. N., Israel R., Ballard C. A. Ectopic pregnancy and intrauterine contraception. A definite relationship. Obstet Gynecol. 1972 Aug;40(2):214–217. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Spellacy W. N., Hiser B. J., Birk S. A. The effect of copper intrauterine devices on endocervical gonococcal cultures. Fertil Steril. 1974 Sep;25(9):772–773. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Spence M. R., Stutz D. R., Paniom W. Effect of a copper-containing intrauterine contraceptive device on Neisseria gonorrhoeae in vitro. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1975 Jul 15;122(6):783–784. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(75)90588-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Tatum H. J. Clinical aspects of intrauterine contraception: circumspection 1976. Fertil Steril. 1977 Jan;28(1):3–28. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Tatum H. J. Intrauterine contraception. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1972 Apr 1;112(7):1000–1023. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(72)90828-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Tatum H. J., Schmidt F. H., Jain A. K. Management and outcome of pregnancies associated with the Copper T intrauterine contraceptive device. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1976 Dec 1;126(7):869–879. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(76)90675-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Thompson I. E. The IUD and prostaglandins: a review of the evidence. Obstet Gynecol. 1973 Oct;42(4):617–620. doi: 10.1097/00006250-197310000-00025. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Ullmann G., Hammerstein J. Inhibition of sperm motility in vitro by copper wire. Contraception. 1972 Jul;6(1):71–76. doi: 10.1016/s0010-7824(72)80007-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Vessey M. P., Johnson B., Doll R., Peto R. Outcome of pregnancy in women using an intrauterine device. Lancet. 1974 Mar 23;1(7856):495–498. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(74)92798-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Weström L., Bengtsson L. P., Mårdh P. A. The risk of pelvic inflammatory disease in women using intrauterine contraceptive devices as compared to non-users. Lancet. 1976 Jul 31;2(7979):221–224. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(76)91025-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Canadian Medical Association Journal are provided here courtesy of Canadian Medical Association

RESOURCES