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. 1995 Jun;69(6):3824–3830. doi: 10.1128/jvi.69.6.3824-3830.1995

Rescue of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 matrix protein mutants by envelope glycoproteins with short cytoplasmic domains.

F Mammano 1, E Kondo 1, J Sodroski 1, A Bukovsky 1, H G Göttlinger 1
PMCID: PMC189100  PMID: 7745730

Abstract

The matrix (MA) protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) forms the outer protein shell directly underneath the lipid envelope of the virion. The MA protein has a key role in different aspects of virus assembly, including the incorporation of the HIV-1 Env protein complex, which contains a transmembrane glycoprotein with an unusually long cytoplasmic tail. In this study, we compared the abilities of HIV-1 MA mutants to incorporate Env protein complexes with long and short cytoplasmic tails. While the mutant particles failed to incorporate the authentic HIV-1 Env protein complex, they retained the ability to efficiently and functionally incorporate the amphotropic murine leukemia virus Env protein complex, which has a short cytoplasmic tail. Moreover, incorporation of the autologous Env protein complex could be restored by a second-site mutation that resulted in the truncation of the cytoplasmic tail of the HIV-1 transmembrane glycoprotein. Remarkably, the second-site mutation also restored the ability of MA mutants to replicate in MT-4 cells. These results imply that the long cytoplasmic tail of the transmembrane glycoprotein is responsible for the exclusion of the HIV-1 Env protein complex from MA mutant particles.

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Selected References

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