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. 1996 Jan;70(1):368–372. doi: 10.1128/jvi.70.1.368-372.1996

Differing T-cell requirements for recombinant retrovirus vaccines.

K J Hasenkrug 1, D M Brooks 1, J Nishio 1, B Chesebro 1
PMCID: PMC189826  PMID: 8523549

Abstract

Friend murine leukemia virus is a retrovirus complex that induces rapid erythroleukemia and immunosuppression in susceptible strains of adult mice. Using this model, we directly examined the T-cell subsets required for a protective retrovirus vaccine. Paradoxically, recovery in mice immunized with a chimeric envelope containing only T-helper (TH) and B-cell epitopes was dependent on CD8+ T cells as well as CD4+ T cells despite the fact that the vaccine contained no CD8+ cytolytic T-lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes. However, the requirement for CD8+ T cells was overcome by inclusion of additional TH and B-cell epitopes in the immunizing protein. These additional epitopes primed for more rapid production of virus-neutralizing antibody which appeared to limit virus spread sufficiently to protect even in the absence of CD8+ T cells. Inclusion of an immunodominant CTL epitope in the vaccine was not sufficient to overcome dependence on CD4+ T cells. These data suggest that TH priming is more critical for retrovirus immunity than CTL priming.

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Selected References

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