Abstract
Enteropathogenic transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), a porcine coronavirus, is able to agglutinate erythrocytes because of sialic acid binding activity. Competitive inhibitors that may mask the sialic acid binding activity can be inactivated by sialidase treatment of virions. Here, we show that TGEV virions with efficient hemagglutinating activity were also obtained when cells were treated with sialidase prior to infection. This method was used to analyze TGEV mutants for hemagglutinating activity. Recently, mutants with strongly reduced enteropathogenicity that have point mutations or a deletion of four amino acids within residues 145 to 155 of the S protein have been described. Here, we show that in addition to their reduced pathogenicity, these mutants also have lost hemagglutinating activity. These results connect sialic acid binding activity with the enteropathogenicity of TGEV.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (68.9 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Bernard S., Laude H. Site-specific alteration of transmissible gastroenteritis virus spike protein results in markedly reduced pathogenicity. J Gen Virol. 1995 Sep;76(Pt 9):2235–2241. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-76-9-2235. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Correa I., Jiménez G., Suñ C., Bullido M. J., Enjuanes L. Antigenic structure of the E2 glycoprotein from transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus. Virus Res. 1988 Apr;10(1):77–93. doi: 10.1016/0168-1702(88)90059-7. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cox E., Pensaert M. B., Callebaut P., van Deun K. Intestinal replication of a porcine respiratory coronavirus closely related antigenically to the enteric transmissible gastroenteritis virus. Vet Microbiol. 1990 Jun;23(1-4):237–243. doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(90)90154-N. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Delmas B., Gelfi J., L'Haridon R., Vogel L. K., Sjöström H., Norén O., Laude H. Aminopeptidase N is a major receptor for the entero-pathogenic coronavirus TGEV. Nature. 1992 Jun 4;357(6377):417–420. doi: 10.1038/357417a0. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Delmas B., Gelfi J., Laude H. Antigenic structure of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. II. Domains in the peplomer glycoprotein. J Gen Virol. 1986 Jul;67(Pt 7):1405–1418. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-67-7-1405. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Delmas B., Gelfi J., Sjöström H., Noren O., Laude H. Further characterization of aminopeptidase-N as a receptor for coronaviruses. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1993;342:293–298. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4615-2996-5_45. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Delmas B., Rasschaert D., Godet M., Gelfi J., Laude H. Four major antigenic sites of the coronavirus transmissible gastroenteritis virus are located on the amino-terminal half of spike glycoprotein S. J Gen Virol. 1990 Jun;71(Pt 6):1313–1323. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-71-6-1313. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laude H., Chapsal J. M., Gelfi J., Labiau S., Grosclaude J. Antigenic structure of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. I. Properties of monoclonal antibodies directed against virion proteins. J Gen Virol. 1986 Jan;67(Pt 1):119–130. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-67-1-119. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Noda M., Koide F., Asagi M., Inaba Y. Physicochemical properties of transmissible gastroenteritis virus hemagglutinin. Arch Virol. 1988;99(3-4):163–172. doi: 10.1007/BF01311067. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Noda M., Yamashita H., Koide F., Kadoi K., Omori T., Asagi M., Inaba Y. Hemagglutination with transmissible gastroenteritis virus. Arch Virol. 1987;96(1-2):109–115. doi: 10.1007/BF01310994. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rasschaert D., Duarte M., Laude H. Porcine respiratory coronavirus differs from transmissible gastroenteritis virus by a few genomic deletions. J Gen Virol. 1990 Nov;71(Pt 11):2599–2607. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-71-11-2599. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schultze B., Gross H. J., Brossmer R., Klenk H. D., Herrler G. Hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus attaches to N-acetyl-9-O-acetylneuraminic acid-containing receptors on erythrocytes: comparison with bovine coronavirus and influenza C virus. Virus Res. 1990 Jun;16(2):185–194. doi: 10.1016/0168-1702(90)90022-4. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schultze B., Krempl C., Ballesteros M. L., Shaw L., Schauer R., Enjuanes L., Herrler G. Transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus, but not the related porcine respiratory coronavirus, has a sialic acid (N-glycolylneuraminic acid) binding activity. J Virol. 1996 Aug;70(8):5634–5637. doi: 10.1128/jvi.70.8.5634-5637.1996. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sánchez C. M., Gebauer F., Suñ C., Mendez A., Dopazo J., Enjuanes L. Genetic evolution and tropism of transmissible gastroenteritis coronaviruses. Virology. 1992 Sep;190(1):92–105. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(92)91195-Z. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sánchez C. M., Jiménez G., Laviada M. D., Correa I., Suñ C., Bullido M. j., Gebauer F., Smerdou C., Callebaut P., Escribano J. M. Antigenic homology among coronaviruses related to transmissible gastroenteritis virus. Virology. 1990 Feb;174(2):410–417. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(90)90094-8. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wesley R. D., Woods R. D., Cheung A. K. Genetic analysis of porcine respiratory coronavirus, an attenuated variant of transmissible gastroenteritis virus. J Virol. 1991 Jun;65(6):3369–3373. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.6.3369-3373.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]