Skip to main content
NCBI home page
British Journal of Pharmacology logoLink to British Journal of Pharmacology
. 1990 Sep;101(1):93–96. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1990.tb12095.x

Alterations in regional blood flow in rats following sensitization to the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis: effects of PAF antagonists.

R Mathison 1, C Rimmer 1, J S Davison 1, J L Wallace 1, A D Befus 1
PMCID: PMC1917615  PMID: 2282473

Abstract

1. Changes in tissue and organ blood flow associated with sensitization of rats to the nematode parasite, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, were studied 30 to 35 days after infection, a time when very few worms remain in the animal. 2. Neither active nor passive sensitization modified heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, cardiac output or total peripheral resistance. Passive sensitization and administration of non-immune sera did not modify blood flow to any of the tissues studied. 3. Active sensitization increased hepatic arterial blood flow, but decreased blood flow to the stomach, duodenum, jejunum and the submandibular glands. These effects cannot be attributed to residual nematode infections as treatment with the anthelmintic, thiabendazole, did not alter blood flow relative to untreated, actively sensitized rats. 4. The effects of active sensitization on blood flow were probably due to an action of platelet-activating factor (PAF) since treatment of actively sensitized animals with the selective antagonists, WEB-2086 and BN 52021, reversed the decrease in flow seen to the intestinal regions. The PAF antagonists increased blood flow to the kidneys and the trachea of sensitized animals. 5. These results suggest that the PAF released from undetermined sources in nematode-sensitized rats, produces altered blood flow, primarily to the stomach and proximal small bowel.

Full text

PDF
93

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Befus A. D., Johnston N., Berman L., Bienenstock J. Relationship between tissue sensitization and IgE antibody production in rats infected with the nematode, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1982;67(3):213–218. doi: 10.1159/000233021. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Befus A. D., Johnston N., Bienenstock J. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis: mast cells and histamine levels in tissues of infected and normal rats. Exp Parasitol. 1979 Aug;48(1):1–8. doi: 10.1016/0014-4894(79)90048-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Church M. K. Correlation of anaphylactic bronchoconstriction with circulating reaginic antibody level and active cutaneous anaphylaxis in the rat. Immunology. 1975 Sep;29(3):527–534. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dillon P. K., Ritter A. B., Durán W. N. Vasoconstrictor effects of platelet-activating factor in the hamster cheek pouch microcirculation: dose-related relations and pathways of action. Circ Res. 1988 Apr;62(4):722–731. doi: 10.1161/01.res.62.4.722. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Egwang T. G., Gauldie J., Befus D. Broncho-alveolar leucocyte responses during primary and secondary Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection in the rat. Parasite Immunol. 1984 May;6(3):191–201. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.1984.tb00792.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Flaim S. F., Nellis S. H., Toggart E. J., Drexler H., Kanda K., Newman E. D. Multiple simultaneous determinations of hemodynamics and flow distribution in conscious rat. J Pharmacol Methods. 1984 Mar;11(1):1–39. doi: 10.1016/0160-5402(84)90050-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Heavey D. J., Ernst P. B., Stevens R. L., Befus A. D., Bienenstock J., Austen K. F. Generation of leukotriene C4, leukotriene B4, and prostaglandin D2 by immunologically activated rat intestinal mucosa mast cells. J Immunol. 1988 Mar 15;140(6):1953–1957. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Jarrett E. E., Miller H. R. Production and activities of IgE in helminth infection. Prog Allergy. 1982;31:178–233. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Jarrett E. E., Stewart D. C. Potentiation of rat reaginic (IgE) antibody by Nippostrongylus brasiliensis infection: effect of modification of life cycle of the parasite in the host. Clin Exp Immunol. 1973 Sep;15(1):79–85. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Kaiser L., Spickard R. C., Sparks H. V., Jr, Williams J. F. Dirofilaria immitis: alteration of endothelium-dependent relaxation in the in vivo canine femoral artery. Exp Parasitol. 1989 Jul;69(1):9–15. doi: 10.1016/0014-4894(89)90165-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kaiser L., Williams J. F., Meade E. A., Sparks H. V. Altered endothelial cell-mediated arterial dilation in dogs with D. immitis infection. Am J Physiol. 1987 Nov;253(5 Pt 2):H1325–H1329. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1987.253.5.H1325. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Keller R. Immune reactions to Nippostrongylus brasiliensis in the rat. II. Primary and secondary immune response: in vitro characterization. Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1970;38(3):305–314. doi: 10.1159/000230283. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. King S. J., Miller H. R. Anaphylactic release of mucosal mast cell protease and its relationship to gut permeability in Nippostrongylus-primed rats. Immunology. 1984 Apr;51(4):653–660. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Lagente V., Fortes Z. B., Garcia-Leme J., Vargaftig B. B. PAF-acether and endotoxin display similar effects on rat mesenteric microvessels: inhibition by specific antagonists. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1988 Oct;247(1):254–261. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Martins M. A., Martins P. M., Faria Neto H. C., Bozza P. T., Dias P. M., Cordeiro R. S., Vargaftig B. B. Intravenous injections of PAF-acether induce platelet aggregation in rats. Eur J Pharmacol. 1988 Apr 27;149(1-2):89–96. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(88)90046-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Mathison R., Befus A. D., Davison J. S. Hemodynamic changes associated with anaphylaxis in parasite-sensitized rats. Am J Physiol. 1990 Apr;258(4 Pt 2):H1126–H1131. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1990.258.4.H1126. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. McElroy P. J., Befus A. D. Nippostrongylus brasiliensis-induced depression of heterologous immune responses: effects of the histamine H2 receptor antagonist, cimetidine. J Parasitol. 1987 Dec;73(6):1158–1163. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Miller H. R., Woodbury R. G., Huntley J. F., Newlands G. Systemic release of mucosal mast-cell protease in primed rats challenged with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Immunology. 1983 Jul;49(3):471–479. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Ottaway C. A., Manson-Smith D. F., Bruce R. G., Parrott D. M. Regional blood flow and the localization of lymphoblasts in the small intestine of the mouse. II. The effects of a primary enteric infection with Trichinella spiralis. Immunology. 1980 Dec;41(4):963–971. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Pirotzky E., Ninio E., Bidault J., Pfister A., Benveniste J. Biosynthesis of platelet-activating factor. VI. Precursor of platelet-activating factor and acetyltransferase activity in isolated rat kidney cells. Lab Invest. 1984 Nov;51(5):567–572. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Ramage J. K., Stanisz A., Scicchitano R., Hunt R. H., Perdue M. H. Effect of immunologic reactions on rat intestinal epithelium. Correlation of increased permeability to chromium 51-labeled ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and ovalbumin during acute inflammation and anaphylaxis. Gastroenterology. 1988 Jun;94(6):1368–1375. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Ramaswamy K., Befus D. Pulmonary inflammation in parasitic infection: immunoglobulins in bronchoalveolar washings of rats infected with Nippostrongylus brasiliensis. Parasite Immunol. 1989 Nov;11(6):655–665. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.1989.tb00927.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Sirén A. L., Feuerstein G. Effects of PAF and BN 52021 on cardiac function and regional blood flow in conscious rats. Am J Physiol. 1989 Jul;257(1 Pt 2):H25–H32. doi: 10.1152/ajpheart.1989.257.1.H25. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Whittle B. J., Morishita T., Ohya Y., Leung F. W., Guth P. H. Microvascular actions of platelet-activating factor on rat gastric mucosa and submucosa. Am J Physiol. 1986 Dec;251(6 Pt 1):G772–G778. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1986.251.6.G772. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Woodbury R. G., Miller H. R., Huntley J. F., Newlands G. F., Palliser A. C., Wakelin D. Mucosal mast cells are functionally active during spontaneous expulsion of intestinal nematode infections in rat. 1984 Nov 29-Dec 5Nature. 312(5993):450–452. doi: 10.1038/312450a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from British Journal of Pharmacology are provided here courtesy of The British Pharmacological Society

RESOURCES