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International Journal of Experimental Pathology logoLink to International Journal of Experimental Pathology
. 1992 Oct;73(5):603–611.

Breakdown of blood-brain barrier by virus-induced cytokine during Japanese encephalitis virus infection.

A Mathur 1, N Khanna 1, U C Chaturvedi 1
PMCID: PMC2002010  PMID: 1329914

Abstract

In this study we have shown, for the first time, that Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) and a low molecular weight (10 kDa) macrophage-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDF) produced following JEV infection in mice could cause an alteration in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier resulting in leakage of plasma protein bound Evans blue dye and radiolabelled erythrocytes in brain. The maximum leakage occurred at day 6 after intracerebral (i.c.) JEV infection and was sensitive to anti-JEV antisera. Further, MDF caused peak leakage of dye and radiolabelled erythrocytes at 1 h post inoculation with a decline thereafter. Complete restoration of the integrity of the blood-brain barrier occurred by the 4th hour. The extent of leakage was dose dependent and showed a direct correlation between the level of MDF, clinical sickness and virus titre in brain. Anti-MDF antisera protected the mice against the effects of MDF. These findings show that JEV-induced cytokine, MDF, alters the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and thus controls the cellular and plasma leakage into the CNS.

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Selected References

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