Skip to main content
NCBI home page
The American Journal of Pathology logoLink to The American Journal of Pathology
. 1978 Dec;93(3):753–770.

Macrophage fusion factor elicited from BGG-sensitized lymphocytes.

A H Warfel, J W Hadden
PMCID: PMC2018357  PMID: 362945

Abstract

Lymphocytes obtained from rabbit lymph nodes sensitized to bovine gamma globulin produce in vitro the lymphokine macrophage fusion factor (MFF) which mediates the fusion of approximately 100% of normal alveolar and oil-induced peritoneal macrophages. Giant cells (GC) of Langhans and foreign body type form large syncytia containing as many as several hundred nuclei per cell. Nuclei of GC appear more spherical and larger than those of the normal mononucleated macrophages, and they possess several prominent nucleoli. Giant cells of peritoneal macrophage origin show enhanced intracytoplasmic vacuolization. Normal macrophages cultured as a monolayer in MFF-rich supernatants form cell clusters which progressively fuse during the 24-hour incubation period. A signoid dose-response curve was obtained for cell fusion with MFF-rich supernatants possessing high titers, ie, the latter supernatants undiluted partially inhibited macrophage fusion. MIF-like activity was detected in MFF-rich supernatants as well as a factor(s) which inhibited 3H-thymidine uptake by giant cells.

Full text

PDF
753

Images in this article

767Figure 1
on p.767
767Figure 2
on p.767
769Figure 3
on p.769
769Figure 4
on p.769
769Figure 5
on p.769
769Figure 6
on p.769
770Figure 7
on p.770
770Figure 8
on p.770
770Figure 9
on p.770

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ARONSON M., ELBERG S. S. Fusion of peritoneal histocytes with formation of giant cells. Nature. 1962 Jan 27;193:399–400. doi: 10.1038/193399a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BERMAN L., STULBERG C. S. Primary cultures of macrophages from normal human peripheral blood. Lab Invest. 1962 Dec;11:1322–1331. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Barski G. Cell association and somatic cell hybridization. Int Rev Exp Pathol. 1970;9:151–190. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Black M. M., Epstein W. L. Formation of multinucleate giant cells in organized epitheloid cell granulomas. Am J Pathol. 1974 Feb;74(2):263–274. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Carter R. L., Roberts J. D. Macrophages and multinucleate giant cells in nitrosoquinoline-induced granulomata in rats: an autoradiographic study. J Pathol. 1971 Dec;105(4):285–288. doi: 10.1002/path.1711050408. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chambers T. J. Fusion of hamster macrophages induced by lectins. J Pathol. 1977 Sep;123(1):53–61. doi: 10.1002/path.1711230107. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Comoglio P. M., Ottino G., Cantino D. Experimental study on development and behaviour of the multinucleated giant cells "in vitro". J Reticuloendothel Soc. 1971 May;9(5):397–408. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Edelson P. J., Cohn Z. A. Effects of concanavalin A on mouse peritoneal macrophages. I. Stimulation of endocytic activity and inhibition of phago-lysosome formation. J Exp Med. 1974 Nov 1;140(5):1364–1386. doi: 10.1084/jem.140.5.1364. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Evans R., Booth C. G. Inhibition of 125IUdR incorporation by supernatants from macrophage and lymphocyte cultures: a cautionary note. Cell Immunol. 1976 Sep;26(1):120–126. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(76)90354-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Galindo B. Antigen-mediated fusion of specifically sensitized rabbit alveolar macrophages. Infect Immun. 1972 Apr;5(4):583–594. doi: 10.1128/iai.5.4.583-594.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Galindo B., Lazdins J., Castillo R. Fusion of normal rabbit alveolar macrophages induced by supernatant fluids from BCG-sensitized lymph node cells after elicitation by antigen. Infect Immun. 1974 Feb;9(2):212–216. doi: 10.1128/iai.9.2.212-216.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gordon S., Cohn Z. Macrophage-melanocyte heterokaryons. I. Preparation and properties. J Exp Med. 1970 May 1;131(5):981–1003. doi: 10.1084/jem.131.5.981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hadden J. W., Sadlik J. R., Hadden E. M. Macrophage proliferation induced in vitro by a lymphocyte factor. Nature. 1975 Oct 9;257(5526):483–485. doi: 10.1038/257483a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hadden J. W., Sadlik J. R., Hadden E. M. The induction of macrophage proliferation in vitro by a lymphocyte-produced factor. J Immunol. 1978 Jul;121(1):231–238. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Holmes K. V., Choppin P. W. On the role of microtubules in movement and alignment of nuclei in virus-induced syncytia. J Cell Biol. 1968 Dec;39(3):526–543. doi: 10.1083/jcb.39.3.526. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Leu R. W., Eddleston A. L., Hadden J. W., Good R. A. Mechanism of action of migration inhibitory factor (MIF). I. Evidence for a receptor for MIF present on the peritoneal macrophage but not on the alveolar macrophage. J Exp Med. 1972 Sep 1;136(3):589–603. doi: 10.1084/jem.136.3.589. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. MYRVIK Q., LEAKE E. S., FARISS B. Studies on pulmonary alveolar macrophages from the normal rabbit: a technique to procure them in a high state of purity. J Immunol. 1961 Feb;86:128–132. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Mariano M., Spector W. G. The formation and properties of macrophage polykaryons (inflammatory giant cells). J Pathol. 1974 May;113(1):1–19. doi: 10.1002/path.1711130102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Pick E., Turk J. L. The biological activities of soluble lymphocyte products. Clin Exp Immunol. 1972 Jan;10(1):1–23. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Smith C. W., Goldman A. S. Macrophages from human colostrum. Multinucleated giant cell formation by phytohemagglutinin and concanavalin A. Exp Cell Res. 1971 Jun;66(2):317–320. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(71)90683-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Stadecker M. J., Calderon J., Karnovsky M. L., Unanue E. R. Synthesis and release of thymidine by macrophages. J Immunol. 1977 Nov;119(5):1738–1743. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Sutton J. S., Weiss L. Transformation of monocytes in tissue culture into macrophages, epithelioid cells, and multinucleated giant cells. An electron microscope study. J Cell Biol. 1966 Feb;28(2):303–332. doi: 10.1083/jcb.28.2.303. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. WEISS L. P., FAWCETT D. W. Cytochemical observations on chicken monocytes macrophages and giant cells in tissue culture. J Histochem Cytochem. 1953 Jan;1(1):47–65. doi: 10.1177/1.1.47. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Waksman B. H. Immunoglobulins and lymphokines as mediators of inflammatory cell mobilization and target cell killing. Cell Immunol. 1976 Dec;27(2):309–315. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(76)90237-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Warfel A. H. Macrophage fusion and multinucleated giant cell formation, surface morphology. Exp Mol Pathol. 1978 Apr;28(2):163–176. doi: 10.1016/0014-4800(78)90049-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The American Journal of Pathology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Investigative Pathology

RESOURCES