Skip to main content
NCBI home page
The American Journal of Pathology logoLink to The American Journal of Pathology
. 1976 Feb;82(2):381–392.

Necrotic myelopathy (myelomalacia) in rats with allergic encephalomyelitis treated with tilorone.

S Levine, R Sowinski
PMCID: PMC2032399  PMID: 1082719

Abstract

Necrosis of the spinal cord was produced by administering tilorone to rats before or during the incubation period of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Under slected conditions of dose and timing, the drug delayed onset of clinical signs but did not prevent progression to paralysis. The lymphocytic component of the inflammatory lesions was reduced, but this was accompanied by a dramatic increase of monocytes in the spinal cord, followed by softening (myelomalacia). This new variant of EAE simulates necrotic myelopathy in man. The similarity provides support for an autoimmune etiology of the latter. Furthermore, the inverse relation between lymphocytic cuffs around vessels and massive monocytic infiltration of the cord adds to the growing evidence that lymphocytic cuffs protect the neural parenchyma by "vascular blockade."

Full text

PDF
381

Images in this article

392Figure 4
on p.392
392Figure 5
on p.392
392Figure 6
on p.392
391Figure 1
on p.391
391Figure 2
on p.391
391Figure 3
on p.391

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. FERRARO A., ROIZIN L. Neuropathologic variations in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis; hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis, perivenous encephalomyelitis, diffuse encephalomyelitis, patchy gliosis. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1954 Jan;13(1):60–89. doi: 10.1097/00005072-195401000-00008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Hoenig E. M., Levine S. Three localized forms of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: an ultrastructural comparison. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1974 Apr;33(2):251–259. doi: 10.1097/00005072-197404000-00005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. LEVINE S., WENK E. J. A HYPERACUTE FORM OF ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS. Am J Pathol. 1965 Jul;47:61–88. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Levine S. Allergic encephalomyelitis: cellular transformation and vascular blockade. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1970 Jan;29(1):6–20. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Levine S., Gibson J. P., Megel H. Selective depletion of thymus dependent areas in lymphoid tissue by tilorone. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1974 May;146(1):245–248. doi: 10.3181/00379727-146-38079. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Levine S., Hoenig E. M. A new form of localized allergic encephalomyelitis featuring polymorphonuclear neutrophilic leukocytes. Am J Pathol. 1971 Jul;64(1):13–30. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Levine S. Hyperacute, neutrophilic, and localized forms of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis: a review. Acta Neuropathol. 1974;28(3):179–189. doi: 10.1007/BF00719023. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Levine S. Relationship of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis to human disease. Res Publ Assoc Res Nerv Ment Dis. 1971;49:33–49. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Levine S., Sowinski R., Hoenig E. M. Nuclear bodies produced in astrocytes by tilorone. Am J Pathol. 1975 Feb;78(2):319–332. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Levine S., Sowinski R. The role of mononuclear cell deficiency in the production of neutrophilic allergic encephalomyelitis: parabiosis experiments. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1972 Nov;141(2):664–668. doi: 10.3181/00379727-141-36848. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Levine S., Wenk E. J., Hoenig E. M. Passive transfer of allergic encephalomyelitis between inbred rat strains: correlation with transplantation antigens. Transplantation. 1967 May;5(3):534–541. doi: 10.1097/00007890-196705000-00014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Megel H., Raychaudhuri A., Goldstein S., Kinsolving C. R., Shemano I., Michael J. G. Tilorone: its selective effects on humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1974 Feb;145(2):513–518. doi: 10.3181/00379727-145-37842. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Miller A. A., Ramsden F. Acute necrotic myelitis and perivenous encephalomyelitis associated with hypertension and renal infection. J Clin Pathol. 1967 Nov;20(6):821–825. doi: 10.1136/jcp.20.6.821. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Rohovsky M. W., Newberne J. W., Gibson J. P. Effects of an oral interferon-inducer on the hematopoietic and reticuloendothelial systems. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1970 Sep;17(2):556–558. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(70)90215-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Veron J. P., Escourolle R., Buge A., Castaigne P. Acute necrotic myelopathy. Eur Neurol. 1974;11(2):83–96. doi: 10.1159/000114309. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. WAKSMAN B. H., ADAMS R. D. A histologic study of the early lesion in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the guinea pig and rabbit. Am J Pathol. 1962 Aug;41:135–162. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The American Journal of Pathology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Investigative Pathology

RESOURCES