Skip to main content
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1993 Jul;175(13):4250–4254. doi: 10.1128/jb.175.13.4250-4254.1993

Diversity of retron elements in a population of rhizobia and other gram-negative bacteria.

S A Rice 1, J Bieber 1, J Y Chun 1, G Stacey 1, B C Lampson 1
PMCID: PMC204857  PMID: 7686549

Abstract

Genetic elements called retrons reside on the chromosome of Escherichia coli and the myxobacteria and represent the first reverse transcriptase-encoding element to be found in a prokaryotic cell. All known retrons produce a functionally obscure RNA-DNA satellite molecule called multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA). We report here the presence of msDNA-producing retron elements in a number of new bacterial groups, including strains of the genera Proteus, Klebsiella, Salmonella, Nannocystis, Rhizobium, and Bradyrhizobium. Among a population of 63 rhizobia strains, only 16% contain a retron element. The rhizobia retrons appear to be heterogeneous in nucleotide sequence and show little similarity to previously studied retrons of E. coli and the myxobacteria.

Full text

PDF
4250

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Banfalvi Z., Nieuwkoop A., Schell M., Besl L., Stacey G. Regulation of nod gene expression in Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Mol Gen Genet. 1988 Nov;214(3):420–424. doi: 10.1007/BF00330475. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Beltran P., Plock S. A., Smith N. H., Whittam T. S., Old D. C., Selander R. K. Reference collection of strains of the Salmonella typhimurium complex from natural populations. J Gen Microbiol. 1991 Mar;137(3):601–606. doi: 10.1099/00221287-137-3-601. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Dhundale A. R., Furuichi T., Inouye S., Inouye M. Distribution of multicopy single-stranded DNA among myxobacteria and related species. J Bacteriol. 1985 Nov;164(2):914–917. doi: 10.1128/jb.164.2.914-917.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dhundale A., Lampson B., Furuichi T., Inouye M., Inouye S. Structure of msDNA from Myxococcus xanthus: evidence for a long, self-annealing RNA precursor for the covalently linked, branched RNA. Cell. 1987 Dec 24;51(6):1105–1112. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90596-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Feinberg A. P., Vogelstein B. A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Anal Biochem. 1983 Jul 1;132(1):6–13. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(83)90418-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Herzer P. J., Inouye S., Inouye M., Whittam T. S. Phylogenetic distribution of branched RNA-linked multicopy single-stranded DNA among natural isolates of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1990 Nov;172(11):6175–6181. doi: 10.1128/jb.172.11.6175-6181.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hsu M. Y., Xu C., Inouye M., Inouye S. Similarity between the Myxococcus xanthus and Stigmatella aurantiaca reverse transcriptase genes associated with multicopy, single-stranded DNA. J Bacteriol. 1992 Apr;174(7):2384–2387. doi: 10.1128/jb.174.7.2384-2387.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Inouye M., Inouye S. Retrons and multicopy single-stranded DNA. J Bacteriol. 1992 Apr;174(8):2419–2424. doi: 10.1128/jb.174.8.2419-2424.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Inouye S., Hsu M. Y., Eagle S., Inouye M. Reverse transcriptase associated with the biosynthesis of the branched RNA-linked msDNA in Myxococcus xanthus. Cell. 1989 Feb 24;56(4):709–717. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90593-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Kawaguchi T., Herzer P. J., Inouye M., Inouye S. Sequence diversity of the 1.3 kb retron (retron-Ec107) among three distinct phylogenetic groups of Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol. 1992 Feb;6(3):355–361. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb01478.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Lampson B. C., Inouye M., Inouye S. Reverse transcriptase with concomitant ribonuclease H activity in the cell-free synthesis of branched RNA-linked msDNA of Myxococcus xanthus. Cell. 1989 Feb 24;56(4):701–707. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90592-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lampson B. C., Inouye M., Inouye S. Survey of multicopy single-stranded DNAs and reverse transcriptase genes among natural isolates of Myxococcus xanthus. J Bacteriol. 1991 Sep;173(17):5363–5370. doi: 10.1128/jb.173.17.5363-5370.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lampson B. C., Inouye S., Inouye M. msDNA of bacteria. Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 1991;40:1–24. doi: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60838-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Lampson B. C., Viswanathan M., Inouye M., Inouye S. Reverse transcriptase from Escherichia coli exists as a complex with msDNA and is able to synthesize double-stranded DNA. J Biol Chem. 1990 May 25;265(15):8490–8496. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Lim D., Gomes T. A., Maas W. K. Distribution of msDNAs among serotypes of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. Mol Microbiol. 1990 Oct;4(10):1711–1714. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00548.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Lim D., Maas W. K. Reverse transcriptase-dependent synthesis of a covalently linked, branched DNA-RNA compound in E. coli B. Cell. 1989 Mar 10;56(5):891–904. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90693-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Sawyer S. A., Dykhuizen D. E., DuBose R. F., Green L., Mutangadura-Mhlanga T., Wolczyk D. F., Hartl D. L. Distribution and abundance of insertion sequences among natural isolates of Escherichia coli. Genetics. 1987 Jan;115(1):51–63. doi: 10.1093/genetics/115.1.51. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Sun J., Herzer P. J., Weinstein M. P., Lampson B. C., Inouye M., Inouye S. Extensive diversity of branched-RNA-linked multicopy single-stranded DNAs in clinical strains of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Sep;86(18):7208–7212. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.18.7208. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Woese C. R. Bacterial evolution. Microbiol Rev. 1987 Jun;51(2):221–271. doi: 10.1128/mr.51.2.221-271.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES