Abstract
We determined that paracrystalline protein surface arrays (S layers) protected gram-negative eubacteria from predation by Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. Aquaspirillum serpens VHA and MW5 and Aquaspirillum sinuosum were resistant to predation by B. bacteriovorus 6-5-S when fully covered by their S layers. The S layer of Aeromonas salmonicida A449 protected the cells from predication by B. bacteriovorus 109J. A predacious, plaque-forming vibrio that lysed an S-layer- variant of Caulobacter crescentus but was not predacious on the parental strain which possessed an S layer was isolated from raw sewage. Since S layers are stable components of many bacterial surfaces in nature, they can provide this protective function in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats where Bdellovibrio spp. are found.
Full text
PDF![2244](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1c1f/207774/76badc81938c/jbacter00097-0106.png)
![2245](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1c1f/207774/3e1ae64e81d4/jbacter00097-0107.png)
![2246](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1c1f/207774/529e09d8d963/jbacter00097-0108.png)
![2247](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1c1f/207774/91c3fe38bd2e/jbacter00097-0109.png)
![2248](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1c1f/207774/0176be0ce16c/jbacter00097-0110.png)
![2249](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/1c1f/207774/3014b5b199da/jbacter00097-0111.png)
Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Beveridge T. J., Murray R. G. Superficial macromolecular arrays on the cell wall of Spirillum putridiconchylium. J Bacteriol. 1974 Sep;119(3):1019–1038. doi: 10.1128/jb.119.3.1019-1038.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Crothers S. F., Robinson J. Changes in the permeability of Escherichia coli during parasitization by Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus. Can J Microbiol. 1971 May;17(5):689–697. doi: 10.1139/m71-111. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Huang J. C., Starr M. P. Effects of calcium and magnesium ions and host viability on growth of bdellovibrios. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1973;39(1):151–167. doi: 10.1007/BF02578850. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ishiguro E. E., Ainsworth T., Trust T. J., Kay W. W. Congo red agar, a differential medium for Aeromonas salmonicida, detects the presence of the cell surface protein array involved in virulence. J Bacteriol. 1985 Dec;164(3):1233–1237. doi: 10.1128/jb.164.3.1233-1237.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ishiguro E. E., Kay W. W., Ainsworth T., Chamberlain J. B., Austen R. A., Buckley J. T., Trust T. J. Loss of virulence during culture of Aeromonas salmonicida at high temperature. J Bacteriol. 1981 Oct;148(1):333–340. doi: 10.1128/jb.148.1.333-340.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kist M. L., Murray R. G. Components of the regular surface array of Aquaspirillum serpens MW5 and their assembly in vitro. J Bacteriol. 1984 Feb;157(2):599–606. doi: 10.1128/jb.157.2.599-606.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Koval S. F., Murray R. G. Cell wall proteins of Aquaspirillum serpens. J Bacteriol. 1981 Jun;146(3):1083–1090. doi: 10.1128/jb.146.3.1083-1090.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- STOLP H., STARR M. P. BDELLOVIBRIO BACTERIOVORUS GEN. ET SP. N., A PREDATORY, ECTOPARASITIC, AND BACTERIOLYTIC MICROORGANISM. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 1963;29:217–248. doi: 10.1007/BF02046064. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sleytr U. B., Messner P. Crystalline surface layers in procaryotes. J Bacteriol. 1988 Jul;170(7):2891–2897. doi: 10.1128/jb.170.7.2891-2897.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sleytr U. B., Messner P. Crystalline surface layers on bacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1983;37:311–339. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.37.100183.001523. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smit J., Agabian N. Cloning of the major protein of the Caulobacter crescentus periodic surface layer: detection and characterization of the cloned peptide by protein expression assays. J Bacteriol. 1984 Dec;160(3):1137–1145. doi: 10.1128/jb.160.3.1137-1145.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smit J., Grano D. A., Glaeser R. M., Agabian N. Periodic surface array in Caulobacter crescentus: fine structure and chemical analysis. J Bacteriol. 1981 Jun;146(3):1135–1150. doi: 10.1128/jb.146.3.1135-1150.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith S. H., Murray R. G. The structure and associations of the double S layer on the cell wall of Aquaspirillum sinuosum. Can J Microbiol. 1990 May;36(5):327–335. doi: 10.1139/m90-057. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Starr M. P., Huang J. C. Physiology of the bdellovibrios. Adv Microb Physiol. 1972;8:215–261. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2911(08)60191-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Torrella F., Guerrero R., Seidler R. J. Further taxonomic characterization of the genus Bdellovibrio. Can J Microbiol. 1978 Nov;24(11):1387–1394. doi: 10.1139/m78-222. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Varon M., Shilo M. Attachment of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus to cell wall mutants of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1969 Feb;97(2):977–979. doi: 10.1128/jb.97.2.977-979.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]