Abstract
Specific polyanions release DNA template restrictions for DNA synthesis in isolated rat liver nuclei. The degree to which DNA synthesis is enhanced can be correlated with a spectrum of changes in nuclear structure Each polyanion which is effective in the release of template restriction produces a characteristic alteration in nuclear ultrastructure. Polyanions which have no effect on DNA synthesis do not appear to cause any change in nuclear organization or ultrastructure. Parallel measurements of nuclear DNA release and nuclear volume changes also indicate that template-activating polyanions cause remarkable changes in the structural organization of the treated nuclei. These results indicate that DNA template activation involves direct interactions between polyanions and nuclear constituents and suggest the possibility that naturally occurring polyanions might have a role in the control of gene activity
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (2.1 MB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Allfrey V. G., Mirsky A. E. SOME EFFECTS OF SUBSTITUTING THE DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID OF ISOLATED NUCLEI WITH OTHER POLYELECTROLYTES. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1958 Oct 15;44(10):981–991. doi: 10.1073/pnas.44.10.981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Blobel G., Potter V. R. Nuclei from rat liver: isolation method that combines purity with high yield. Science. 1966 Dec 30;154(3757):1662–1665. doi: 10.1126/science.154.3757.1662. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brown D. G., Coffey D. S. The release of chromatin template restrictions by natural polyribonucleotides. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1971 Jan 22;42(2):326–333. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(71)90106-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brown D. G., Offey D. S. Release of nuclear DNA template restrictions by specific polyribonucleotides. Science. 1971 Jan 15;171(3967):176–178. doi: 10.1126/science.171.3967.176. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chambon P., Karon H., Ramuz M., Mandel P. The influence of ionic strength and a polyanion on transcription in vitro. II. Effects on the template efficiency of rat liver chromatin for a purified bacterial RNA polymerase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1968 May 21;157(3):520–531. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chung L. W., Coffey D. S. Biochemical characterization of prostatic nuclei. I. Androgen-induced changes in nuclear proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Nov 19;247(4):570–583. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chung L. W., Coffey D. S. Biochemical characterization of prostatic nuclei. II. Relationship between DNA synthesis and protein synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Nov 19;247(4):584–596. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KENT P. W., HICHENS M., WARD P. F. Displacement fractionation of deoxyribonucleoproteins by heparin and dextran sulphate. Biochem J. 1958 Apr;68(4):568–572. doi: 10.1042/bj0680568. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kraemer R. J., Coffey D. S. The interaction of natural and synthetic polyanions with mammalian nucleo. I. DNA synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Dec 14;224(2):553–567. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kraemer R. J., Coffey D. S. The interaction of natural and synthetic polyanions with mammalian nucleo. II. Nuclear swelling. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Dec 14;224(2):568–578. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Moore D. E., Abuelo J. G. Human repetitious DNA, satellite DNA and chromosome interarm fibres. Nature. 1971 Dec 24;234(5330):467–468. doi: 10.1038/234467a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Spelsberg T. C., Hnilica L. S. Proteins of chromatin in template restriction. II. Specificity of RNA synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Jan 1;228(1):212–222. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(71)90561-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Warner J. R., Soeiro R. Nascent ribosomes from HeLa cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Nov;58(5):1984–1990. doi: 10.1073/pnas.58.5.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Whitfield J. F., Perris A. D. Dissolution of the condensed chromatin structures of isolated thymocyte nuclei and the disruption of deoxyribonucleoprotein by inorganic phosphate and a phosphoprotein. Exp Cell Res. 1968 Feb;49(2):359–372. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(68)90186-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yunis J. J., Yasmineh W. G. Heterochromatin, satellite DNA, and cell function. Structural DNA of eucaryotes may support and protect genes and aid in speciation. Science. 1971 Dec 17;174(4015):1200–1209. doi: 10.1126/science.174.4015.1200. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]