Skip to main content
NCBI home page
The Journal of Cell Biology logoLink to The Journal of Cell Biology
. 1972 Nov 1;55(2):420–432. doi: 10.1083/jcb.55.2.420

CELLULAR AND SECRETORY PROTEINS OF THE SALIVARY GLANDS OF SCIARA COPROPHILA DURING THE LARVAL-PUPAL TRANSFORMATION

Anita C Been 1, Ellen M Rasch 1
PMCID: PMC2108802  PMID: 4116523

Abstract

The cellular and secretory proteins of the salivary gland of Sciara coprophila during the stages of the larval-pupal transformation were examined by electrophoresis in 0.6 mm sheets of polyacrylamide gel with both SDS-continuous and discontinuous buffer systems. After SDS-electrophoresis, all electrophoretograms of both reduced and nonreduced proteins from single glands stained with Coomassie brilliant blue revealed a pattern containing the same 25 bands during the stages of the larval-pupal transformation. With the staining procedures used in this study, qualitative increases and decreases were detected in existing proteins and enzymes. There was no evidence, however, for the appearance of new protein species that could be correlated with the onset of either pupation or gland histolysis. Electrophoretograms of reduced samples of anterior versus posterior gland parts indicated that no protein in the basic pattern of 25 bands was unique to either the anterior or posterior gland part. Electrophoretograms of reduced samples of secretion collected from either actively feeding or "cocoon"-building animals showed an electrophoretic pattern containing up to six of the 25 protein fractions detected in salivary gland samples, with varied amounts of these same six proteins in electrophoretograms of secretion samples from a given stage. Zymograms of non-specific esterases in salivary gland samples revealed a progressive increase in the amount of esterase reaction produce in one major band and some decrease in the second major band during later stages of the larval-pupal transformation.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (923.5 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ALLEN J. M., GOCKERMAN J. ELECTROPHORETIC SEPARATION OF MULTIPLE FORMS OF PARTICLE ASSOCIATED ACID PHOSPHATASE. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1964 Dec 28;121:616–633. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1964.tb14230.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BECKER H. J. [The puffs of salivary gland chromosomes of Drosophilia melanogaster. Part 1. Observations on the behavior of a typical puff in the normal strain and in two mutants, giant and lethal giant larvae]. Chromosoma. 1959;10:654–678. doi: 10.1007/BF00396591. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. BEERMANN W. [A Balbiani ring as locus of a salivary gland mutation]. Chromosoma. 1961;12:1–25. doi: 10.1007/BF00328911. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Baudisch W., Panitz R. Kontrolle eines biochemischen Merkmals in den Speicheldrüsen von Acricotopus lucidus durch einen Balbiani-Ring. Exp Cell Res. 1968 Mar;49(3):470–476. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(68)90196-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Been A. C., Rasch E. M. A vertical microsystem for discontinuous electrophoresis of insect tissue proteins using thin sheets of polyacrylamide gel. J Histochem Cytochem. 1972 May;20(5):368–384. doi: 10.1177/20.5.368. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Berendes H. D. Salivary gland function and chromosomal puffing patterns in Drosophila hydei. Chromosoma. 1965;17(1):35–77. doi: 10.1007/BF00285155. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Boyd J. B. Drosophila deoxyribonucleases. I. Variation of deoxyribonucleases in Drosophila melanogaster. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Jan 7;171(1):103–112. doi: 10.1016/0005-2744(69)90109-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Crouse H. V., Keyl H. G. Extra replications in the "DNA-puffs" of Sciara coprophila. Chromosoma. 1968 Nov;25(3):357–364. doi: 10.1007/BF01183126. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Crouse H. V. The role of ecdysone in DNA-puff formation and DNA synthesis in the polytene chromosomes of Sciara coprophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Nov;61(3):971–978. doi: 10.1073/pnas.61.3.971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. DAVIS B. J. DISC ELECTROPHORESIS. II. METHOD AND APPLICATION TO HUMAN SERUM PROTEINS. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1964 Dec 28;121:404–427. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1964.tb14213.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. GABRUSEWYCZ-GARCIA N. CYTOLOGICAL AND AUTORADIOGRAPHIC STUDIES IN SCIARA COPROPHILA SALIVARY GLAND CHROMOSOMES. Chromosoma. 1964 Aug 14;15:312–344. doi: 10.1007/BF00321517. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gerbi S. A. Localization and characterization of the ribosomal RNA cistrons in Sciara coprophila. J Mol Biol. 1971 Jun 14;58(2):499–511. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(71)90367-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Grossbach U. Chromosomen-Aktivitat und biochemische Zelldifferenzierung in den Speicheldrüsen von Camptochironomus. Chromosoma. 1969;28(2):136–187. doi: 10.1007/BF00331528. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hubby J. L., Lewontin R. C. A molecular approach to the study of genic heterozygosity in natural populations. I. The number of alleles at different loci in Drosophila pseudoobscura. Genetics. 1966 Aug;54(2):577–594. doi: 10.1093/genetics/54.2.577. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Klotz I. M. Protein subunits: a table. Science. 1967 Feb 10;155(3763):697–698. doi: 10.1126/science.155.3763.697. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Knowles B. B., Fristrom J. W. The electrophoretic behaviour of ten enzyme systems in the larval integument of Drosophila melanogaster. J Insect Physiol. 1967 May;13(5):731–737. doi: 10.1016/0022-1910(67)90122-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Meneghini R., Armelin H. A., Balsamo J., Lara F. J. Indication of gene amplification in Rhynchosciara by RNA-DNA hybridization. J Cell Biol. 1971 Jun;49(3):913–916. doi: 10.1083/jcb.49.3.913. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. ORNSTEIN L. DISC ELECTROPHORESIS. I. BACKGROUND AND THEORY. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1964 Dec 28;121:321–349. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1964.tb14207.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Pelling C. Synthesis of nucleic acids in giant chromosomes. Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 1969;19(1):237–270. doi: 10.1016/0079-6107(69)90007-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Phillips D. M., Swift H. Cytoplasmic fine structure of Sciara salivary glands. I. Secretion. J Cell Biol. 1965 Nov;27(2):395–409. doi: 10.1083/jcb.27.2.395. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Reid M. S., Bieleski R. L. A simple apparatus for vertical flat-sheet polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Anal Biochem. 1968 Mar;22(3):374–381. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(68)90278-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Sauaia H., Laicine E. M., Alves M. A. Hydroxyurea-induced inhibition of DNA puff development in the salivary gland chromosomes of Bradysia hygida. Chromosoma. 1971;34(2):129–151. doi: 10.1007/BF00285182. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Schin K. S., Clever U. Lysosomal and free acid phosphatase in salivary glands of chironomus tentans. Science. 1965 Nov 19;150(3699):1053–1055. doi: 10.1126/science.150.3699.1053. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Shapiro A. L., Viñuela E., Maizel J. V., Jr Molecular weight estimation of polypeptide chains by electrophoresis in SDS-polyacrylamide gels. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1967 Sep 7;28(5):815–820. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(67)90391-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Smith-Stocking H. Genetic Studies on Selective Segregation of Chromosomes in Sciara Coprophila Lintner. Genetics. 1936 Jul;21(4):421–443. doi: 10.1093/genetics/21.4.421. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. TERNER J. Y., GOODMANN B. M., SPIRO D. GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATASE IN THE SALIVARY GLANDS OF SCIARA COPROPHILA: A HISTOCHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDY. J Histochem Cytochem. 1965 Mar;13:168–181. doi: 10.1177/13.3.168. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Weber K., Osborn M. The reliability of molecular weight determinations by dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. J Biol Chem. 1969 Aug 25;244(16):4406–4412. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Cell Biology are provided here courtesy of The Rockefeller University Press

RESOURCES