Abstract
Rabbit ventricle either was fixed in glutaraldehyde without injury (control) or was injured before fixation, presumably causing electrical uncoupling of the gap junctions. All tissue was then processed for freeze-fracture. Replicas of control gap junctions exhibited irregular packing of the P-face particles and E-face pits. Average center-to- center spacing of the particles was 10.5 nm. Tissue fixed 1-5 min after injury showed clumping of gap junctional particles and pits. Within the clumps, the particles and pits were hexagonally packed and the center- to-center spacing of the particles averaged 9.5 nm. In tissue fixed 15- 30 min after injury, the clumps of gap junctional particles had coalesced into a homogeneous structure in most junctions. The packing of the particles and pits was hexagonal and the spacing of the particles averaged 9.5 nm. A few pieces of rabbit atrium were frozen without prior fixation or cryoprotection to try to assess the effect of glutarldehyde fixation on gap junction structure. In this tissue the gap junctional particles were irregularly packed and their spacing averaged 10.0 nm.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (1.4 MB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Asada Y., Bennett M. V. Experimental alteration of coupling resistance at an electrotonic synapse. J Cell Biol. 1971 Apr;49(1):159–172. doi: 10.1083/jcb.49.1.159. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- BARR L., DEWEY M. M., BERGER W. PROPAGATION OF ACTION POTENTIALS AND THE STRUCTURE OF THE NEXUS IN CARDIAC MUSCLE. J Gen Physiol. 1965 May;48:797–823. doi: 10.1085/jgp.48.5.797. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Baldwin K. M. The fine structure and electrophysiology of heart muscle cell injury. J Cell Biol. 1970 Sep;46(3):455–476. doi: 10.1083/jcb.46.3.455. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Baldwin K. M. The fine structure of healing over in mammalian cardiac muscle. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1977 Dec;9(12):959–966. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2828(77)80049-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bennett M. V. Function of electrotonic junctions in embryonic and adult tissues. Fed Proc. 1973 Jan;32(1):65–75. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Caspar D. L., Goodenough D. A., Makowski L., Phillips W. C. Gap junction structures. I. Correlated electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. J Cell Biol. 1977 Aug;74(2):605–628. doi: 10.1083/jcb.74.2.605. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chalcroft J. P., Bullivant S. An interpretation of liver cell membrane and junction structure based on observation of freeze-fracture replicas of both sides of the fracture. J Cell Biol. 1970 Oct;47(1):49–60. doi: 10.1083/jcb.47.1.49. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Délèze J. The recovery of resting potential and input resistance in sheep heart injured by knife or laser. J Physiol. 1970 Jul;208(3):547–562. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1970.sp009136. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Délèze J. The site of healing over after a local injury in the heart. Recent Adv Stud Cardiac Struct Metab. 1975;5:223–225. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Friend D. S., Gilula N. B. Variations in tight and gap junctions in mammalian tissues. J Cell Biol. 1972 Jun;53(3):758–776. doi: 10.1083/jcb.53.3.758. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Goodenough D. A., Stoeckenius W. The isolation of mouse hepatocyte gap junctions. Preliminary chemical characterization and x-ray diffraction. J Cell Biol. 1972 Sep;54(3):646–656. doi: 10.1083/jcb.54.3.646. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Larsen W. J. Structural diversity of gap junctions. A review. Tissue Cell. 1977;9(3):373–394. doi: 10.1016/0040-8166(77)90001-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Loewenstein W. R., Nakas M., Socolar S. J. Junctional membrane uncoupling. Permeability transformations at a cell membrane junction. J Gen Physiol. 1967 Aug;50(7):1865–1891. doi: 10.1085/jgp.50.7.1865. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McNutt N. S., Weinstein R. S. Membrane ultrastructure at mammalian intercellular junctions. Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 1973;26:45–101. doi: 10.1016/0079-6107(73)90017-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McNutt N. S., Weinstein R. S. The ultrastructure of the nexus. A correlated thin-section and freeze-cleave study. J Cell Biol. 1970 Dec;47(3):666–688. doi: 10.1083/jcb.47.3.666. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Peracchia C., Dulhunty A. F. Low resistance junctions in crayfish. Structural changes with functional uncoupling. J Cell Biol. 1976 Aug;70(2 Pt 1):419–439. doi: 10.1083/jcb.70.2.419. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Peracchia C. Gap junctions. Structural changes after uncoupling procedures. J Cell Biol. 1977 Mar;72(3):628–641. doi: 10.1083/jcb.72.3.628. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pinto da Silva P., Gilula N. B. Gap junctions in normal and transformed fibroblasts in culture. Exp Cell Res. 1972;71(2):393–401. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(72)90309-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Revel J. P., Yee A. G., Hudspeth A. J. Gap junctions between electrotonically coupled cells in tissue culture and in brown fat. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Dec;68(12):2924–2927. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.12.2924. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Revel J. P., Yip P., Chang L. L. Cell junctions in the early chick embryo--a freeze etch study. Dev Biol. 1973 Dec;35(2):302–317. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(73)90026-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rose B., Loewenstein W. R. Permeability of a cell junction and the local cytoplasmic free ionized calcium concentration: a study with aequorin. J Membr Biol. 1976 Aug 27;28(1):87–119. doi: 10.1007/BF01869692. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Staehelin L. A. Structure and function of intercellular junctions. Int Rev Cytol. 1974;39:191–283. doi: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)60940-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weidmann S. Electrical constants of trabecular muscle from mammalian heart. J Physiol. 1970 Nov;210(4):1041–1054. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1970.sp009256. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weingart R. The actions of ouabain on intercellular coupling and conduction velocity in mammalian ventricular muscle. J Physiol. 1977 Jan;264(2):341–365. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1977.sp011672. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
