Skip to main content
NCBI home page
The Journal of Cell Biology logoLink to The Journal of Cell Biology
. 1981 Oct 1;91(1):221–226. doi: 10.1083/jcb.91.1.221

Alterations of new methylated phospholipid synthesis in the plasma membranes of macrophages exposed to chemoattractants

PMCID: PMC2111940  PMID: 7298717

Abstract

Chemotactic factors have been shown to inhibit the methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine in macrophages without affecting total phospholipid synthesis. It would thus be anticipated that newly synthesized membranes of macrophages exposed to chemoattractants would have an increased ratio of phosphatidylethanolamine to its methylated derivatives. These ratios were measured directly in newly synthesized phospholipids of plasma membranes isolated from guinea pig peritoneal macrophages. The phosphatidylethanolamine: methylated phospholipid ratio in such plasma membranes was increased by 53 to 111% upon exposure of the cells to chemotactic factors. This increase was due to decreased synthesis of methylated phospholipids and not to altered formation of phosphatidylethanolamine or activation of phospholipases. Methylated phospholipid ratios were also studied in the leading front lamellipodia isolated from macrophages migrating under chemotactic and nonchemotactic conditions. The phosphatidylethanolamine:methylated phospholipid ratios were increased up to fourfold in lamellipodia of macrophages migrating towards chemotactic agents when compared to those from cells migrating randomly. Biophysical changes in the plasma membrane produced by an increase in the ratio of phosphatidylethanolamine:methylated phospholipids as a result of exposure of cells to chemoattractants may be required for sustained directed migration.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (711.7 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. AMES B. N., DUBIN D. T. The role of polyamines in the neutralization of bacteriophage deoxyribonucleic acid. J Biol Chem. 1960 Mar;235:769–775. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Avruch J., Wallach D. F. Preparation and properties of plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum fragments from isolated rat fat cells. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Apr 13;233(2):334–347. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(71)90331-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Boucek M. M., Snyderman R. Calcium influx requirement for human neutrophil chemotaxis: inhibition by lanthanum chloride. Science. 1976 Sep 3;193(4256):905–907. doi: 10.1126/science.948752. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Braun J., Rosen F. S., Unanue E. R. Capping and adenosine metabolism. Genetic and pharmacologic studies. J Exp Med. 1980 Jan 1;151(1):174–183. doi: 10.1084/jem.151.1.174. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chenoweth D. E., Hugli T. E. Demonstration of specific C5a receptor on intact human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Aug;75(8):3943–3947. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.8.3943. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gallin J. I., Rosenthal A. S. The regulatory role of divalent cations in human granulocyte chemotaxis. Evidence for an association between calcium exchanges and microtubule assembly. J Cell Biol. 1974 Sep;62(3):594–609. doi: 10.1083/jcb.62.3.594. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hirata F., Corcoran B. A., Venkatasubramanian K., Schiffmann E., Axelrod J. Chemoattractants stimulate degradation of methylated phospholipids and release of arachidonic acid in rabbit leukocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jun;76(6):2640–2643. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.6.2640. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hirata F., Viveros O. H., Diliberto E. J., Jr, Axelrod J. Identification and properties of two methyltransferases in conversion of phosphatidylethanolamine to phosphatidylcholine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Apr;75(4):1718–1721. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.4.1718. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Jakoi E. R., Zampighi G., Robertson J. D. Regular structures in unit membranes. II. Morphological and biochemical characterization of two water-soluble membrane proteins isolated from the suckling rat ileum. J Cell Biol. 1976 Jul;70(1):97–111. doi: 10.1083/jcb.70.1.97. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Leonard E. J., Skeel A., Chiang P. K., Cantoni G. L. The action of the adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase inhibitor, 3-deazaadenosine, on phagocytic function of mouse macrophages and human monocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1978 Sep 14;84(1):102–109. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(78)90269-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Malech H. L., Root R. K., Gallin J. I. Structural analysis of human neutrophil migration. Centriole, microtubule, and microfilament orientation and function during chemotaxis. J Cell Biol. 1977 Dec;75(3):666–693. doi: 10.1083/jcb.75.3.666. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Naccache P. H., Showell H. J., Becker E. L., Sha'afi R. I. Transport of sodium, potassium, and calcium across rabbit polymorphonuclear leukocyte membranes. Effect of chemotactic factor. J Cell Biol. 1977 May;73(2):428–444. doi: 10.1083/jcb.73.2.428. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Niedel J., Wilkinson S., Cuatrecasas P. Receptor-mediated uptake and degradation of 125I-chemotactic peptide by human neutrophils. J Biol Chem. 1979 Nov 10;254(21):10700–10706. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Oliver J. M., Krawiec J. A., Becker E. L. The distribution of actin during chemotaxis in rabbit neutrophils. J Reticuloendothel Soc. 1978 Dec;24(6):697–704. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Pike M. C., Kredich N. M., Snyderman R. Phospholipid methylation in macrophages is inhibited by chemotactic factors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jun;76(6):2922–2926. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.6.2922. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Pike M. C., Kredich N. M., Snyderman R. Requirement of S-adenosyl-L-methionine-mediated methylation for human monocyte chemotaxis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Aug;75(8):3928–3932. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.8.3928. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Rivkin I., Rosenblatt J., Becker E. L. The role of cyclic AMP in the chemotactic responsiveness and spontaneous motility of rabbit peritoneal neutrophils. The inhibition of neutrophil movement and the elevation of cyclic AMP levels by catecholamines, prostaglandins, theophylline and cholera toxin. J Immunol. 1975 Oct;115(4):1126–1134. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Sandler J. A., Gallin J. I., Vaughan M. Effects of serotonin, carbamylcholine, and ascorbic acid on leukocyte cyclic GMP and chemotaxis. J Cell Biol. 1975 Nov;67(2PT1):480–484. doi: 10.1083/jcb.67.2.480. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Smolen J. E., Korchak H. M., Weissmann G. Increased levels of cyclic adenosine-3',5'-monophosphate in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes after surface stimulation. J Clin Invest. 1980 May;65(5):1077–1085. doi: 10.1172/JCI109760. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Snyderman R., Gewurz H., Mergenhagen S. E. Interactions of the complement system with endotoxic lipopolysaccharide. Generation of a factor chemotactic for polymorphonuclear leukocytes. J Exp Med. 1968 Aug 1;128(2):259–275. doi: 10.1084/jem.128.2.259. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Snyderman R., Pike M. C., Kredich N. M. Role of transmethylation reactions in cellular motility and phagocytosis. Mol Immunol. 1980 Feb;17(2):209–218. doi: 10.1016/0161-5890(80)90073-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Turner M. J., Cresswell P., Parham P., Strominger J. L., Mann D. L., Sanderson A. R. Purification of papain-solubilized histocompatibility antigens from a cultured human lymphoblastoid line, RPMI 4265. J Biol Chem. 1975 Jun 25;250(12):4512–4519. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Williams L. T., Snyderman R., Pike M. C., Lefkowitz R. J. Specific receptor sites for chemotactic peptides on human polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Mar;74(3):1204–1208. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.3.1204. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Cell Biology are provided here courtesy of The Rockefeller University Press

RESOURCES