Skip to main content
The Journal of Cell Biology logoLink to The Journal of Cell Biology
. 1987 Mar 1;104(3):381–383. doi: 10.1083/jcb.104.3.381

The multitubulin hypothesis revisited: what have we learned?

PMCID: PMC2114543  PMID: 3546332

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (454.7 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adachi Y., Toda T., Niwa O., Yanagida M. Differential expressions of essential and nonessential alpha-tubulin genes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jun;6(6):2168–2178. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.6.2168. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bhattacharyya B., Sackett D. L., Wolff J. Tubulin, hybrid dimers, and tubulin S. Stepwise charge reduction and polymerization. J Biol Chem. 1985 Aug 25;260(18):10208–10216. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bond J. F., Fridovich-Keil J. L., Pillus L., Mulligan R. C., Solomon F. A chicken-yeast chimeric beta-tubulin protein is incorporated into mouse microtubules in vivo. Cell. 1986 Feb 14;44(3):461–468. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90467-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cleveland D. W. The tubulins: from DNA to RNA to protein and back again. Cell. 1983 Sep;34(2):330–332. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90366-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Eddé B., Jeantet C., Gros F. One beta-tubulin subunit accumulates during neurite outgrowth in mouse neuroblastoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1981 Dec 15;103(3):1035–1043. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(81)90913-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gard D. L., Kirschner M. W. A polymer-dependent increase in phosphorylation of beta-tubulin accompanies differentiation of a mouse neuroblastoma cell line. J Cell Biol. 1985 Mar;100(3):764–774. doi: 10.1083/jcb.100.3.764. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hall J. L., Dudley L., Dobner P. R., Lewis S. A., Cowan N. J. Identification of two human beta-tubulin isotypes. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 May;3(5):854–862. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.5.854. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kemphues K. J., Kaufman T. C., Raff R. A., Raff E. C. The testis-specific beta-tubulin subunit in Drosophila melanogaster has multiple functions in spermatogenesis. Cell. 1982 Dec;31(3 Pt 2):655–670. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90321-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kirschner M., Mitchison T. Beyond self-assembly: from microtubules to morphogenesis. Cell. 1986 May 9;45(3):329–342. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90318-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Krauhs E., Little M., Kempf T., Hofer-Warbinek R., Ade W., Ponstingl H. Complete amino acid sequence of beta-tubulin from porcine brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jul;78(7):4156–4160. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.7.4156. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Lewis S. A., Gilmartin M. E., Hall J. L., Cowan N. J. Three expressed sequences within the human beta-tubulin multigene family each define a distinct isotype. J Mol Biol. 1985 Mar 5;182(1):11–20. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(85)90023-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lewis S. A., Lee M. G., Cowan N. J. Five mouse tubulin isotypes and their regulated expression during development. J Cell Biol. 1985 Sep;101(3):852–861. doi: 10.1083/jcb.101.3.852. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Murphy D. B., Wallis K. T. Brain and erythrocyte microtubules from chicken contain different beta-tubulin polypeptides. J Biol Chem. 1983 Jun 25;258(12):7870–7875. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Murphy D. B., Wallis K. T. Erythrocyte microtubule assembly in vitro. Determination of the effects of erythrocyte tau, tubulin isoforms, and tubulin oligomers on erythrocyte tubulin assembly, and comparison with brain microtubule assembly. J Biol Chem. 1985 Oct 5;260(22):12293–12301. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Neff N. F., Thomas J. H., Grisafi P., Botstein D. Isolation of the beta-tubulin gene from yeast and demonstration of its essential function in vivo. Cell. 1983 May;33(1):211–219. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90350-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Raff E. C. Genetics of microtubule systems. J Cell Biol. 1984 Jul;99(1 Pt 1):1–10. doi: 10.1083/jcb.99.1.1. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Rothwell S. W., Grasser W. A., Murphy D. B. Tubulin variants exhibit different assembly properties. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1986;466:103–110. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb38387.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Schatz P. J., Pillus L., Grisafi P., Solomon F., Botstein D. Two functional alpha-tubulin genes of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae encode divergent proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Nov;6(11):3711–3721. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.11.3711. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Schatz P. J., Solomon F., Botstein D. Genetically essential and nonessential alpha-tubulin genes specify functionally interchangeable proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Nov;6(11):3722–3733. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.11.3722. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Serrano L., Avila J., Maccioni R. B. Controlled proteolysis of tubulin by subtilisin: localization of the site for MAP2 interaction. Biochemistry. 1984 Sep 25;23(20):4675–4681. doi: 10.1021/bi00315a024. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Serrano L., de la Torre J., Maccioni R. B., Avila J. Involvement of the carboxyl-terminal domain of tubulin in the regulation of its assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Oct;81(19):5989–5993. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.19.5989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Sullivan K. F., Cleveland D. W. Identification of conserved isotype-defining variable region sequences for four vertebrate beta tubulin polypeptide classes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jun;83(12):4327–4331. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.12.4327. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Sullivan K. F., Cleveland D. W. Sequence of a highly divergent beta tubulin gene reveals regional heterogeneity in the beta tubulin polypeptide. J Cell Biol. 1984 Nov;99(5):1754–1760. doi: 10.1083/jcb.99.5.1754. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Sullivan K. F., Lau J. T., Cleveland D. W. Apparent gene conversion between beta-tubulin genes yields multiple regulatory pathways for a single beta-tubulin polypeptide isotype. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Sep;5(9):2454–2465. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.9.2454. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Sullivan K. F., Machlin P. S., Ratrie H., 3rd, Cleveland D. W. Sequence and expression of the chicken beta 3 tubulin gene. A vertebrate testis beta-tubulin isotype. J Biol Chem. 1986 Oct 5;261(28):13317–13322. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Swan J. A., Solomon F. Reformation of the marginal band of avian erythrocytes in vitro using calf-brain tubulin: peripheral determinants of microtubule form. J Cell Biol. 1984 Dec;99(6):2108–2113. doi: 10.1083/jcb.99.6.2108. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Toda T., Adachi Y., Hiraoka Y., Yanagida M. Identification of the pleiotropic cell division cycle gene NDA2 as one of two different alpha-tubulin genes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Cell. 1984 May;37(1):233–242. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90319-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Valenzuela P., Quiroga M., Zaldivar J., Rutter W. J., Kirschner M. W., Cleveland D. W. Nucleotide and corresponding amino acid sequences encoded by alpha and beta tubulin mRNAs. Nature. 1981 Feb 19;289(5799):650–655. doi: 10.1038/289650a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Villasante A., Wang D., Dobner P., Dolph P., Lewis S. A., Cowan N. J. Six mouse alpha-tubulin mRNAs encode five distinct isotypes: testis-specific expression of two sister genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jul;6(7):2409–2419. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.7.2409. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Wang D., Villasante A., Lewis S. A., Cowan N. J. The mammalian beta-tubulin repertoire: hematopoietic expression of a novel, heterologous beta-tubulin isotype. J Cell Biol. 1986 Nov;103(5):1903–1910. doi: 10.1083/jcb.103.5.1903. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Weatherbee J. A., May G. S., Gambino J., Morris N. R. Involvement of a particular species of beta-tubulin (beta 3) in conidial development in Aspergillus nidulans. J Cell Biol. 1985 Sep;101(3):706–711. doi: 10.1083/jcb.101.3.706. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Youngblom J., Schloss J. A., Silflow C. D. The two beta-tubulin genes of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii code for identical proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Dec;4(12):2686–2696. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.12.2686. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Cell Biology are provided here courtesy of The Rockefeller University Press

RESOURCES