TABLE 4.
Association of Physical Activity with Myocardial Infarction and Coronary Revascularization Procedures after Adjusting for Sets of Potential Mediators
| Physical Activity, kcal/week | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <200 | 200–599 | 600–1499 | ≥1500 | P for Trend | |
| Hazard Ratios (95% Confidence Intervals) | |||||
| Myocardial Infarction | |||||
| Age- and treatment-adjusted model | 1.00 | 0.63 (0.45–0.87) | 0.62 (0.45–0.85) | 0.44 (0.30–0.65) | <0.001 |
| Basic model | 1.00 | 0.77 (0.54–1.11) | 0.79 (0.56–1.13) | 0.53 (0.34–0.83) | 0.009 |
| Basic model plus each set of risk factors below, added one group at a time: | |||||
| Blood pressure/hypertension | 1.00 | 0.84 (0.58–1.20) | 0.89 (0.62–1.28) | 0.58 (0.37–0.91) | 0.03 |
| Body mass index | 1.00 | 0.81 (0.56–1.16) | 0.85 (0.60–1.22) | 0.55 (0.35–0.86) | 0.01 |
| Hemoglobin A1c/diabetes | 1.00 | 0.81 (0.56–1.16) | 0.82 (0.57–1.17) | 0.55 (0.35–0.86) | 0.01 |
| Traditional lipids Total, LDL, HDL cholesterol | 1.00 | 0.81 (0.56–1.16) | 0.86 (0.60–1.22) | 0.57 (0.36–0.89) | 0.02 |
| Novel lipids Lp(a), Apo A1, Apo B100 | 1.00 | 0.79 (0.55–1.13) | 0.83 (0.58–1.18) | 0.56 (0.36–0.87) | 0.02 |
| Homocysteine | 1.00 | 0.78 (0.54–1.12) | 0.80 (0.56–1.14) | 0.53 (0.34–0.83) | 0.01 |
| Inflammatory/hemostatic hsCRP, fibrinogen, sICAM-1 | 1.00 | 0.83 (0.57–1.19) | 0.87 (0.61–1.25) | 0.58 (0.37–0.91) | 0.03 |
| All of the above | 1.00 | 0.88 (0.61–1.28) | 0.95 (0.66–1.36) | 0.64 (0.41–1.00) | 0.07 |
| Percutaneous Coronary Intervention | |||||
| Age- and treatment-adjusted model | 1.00 | 0.74 (0.57–0.95) | 0.55 (0.42–0.71) | 0.44 (0.33–0.60) | <0.001 |
| Basic model | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.68–1.18) | 0.67 (0.50–0.90) | 0.58 (0.41–0.83) | 0.001 |
| Basic model plus each set of risk factors below, added one group at a time: | |||||
| Blood pressure/hypertension | 1.00 | 0.94 (0.71–1.24) | 0.72 (0.54–0.97) | 0.63 (0.44–0.89) | 0.004 |
| Body mass index | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.72–1.25) | 0.73 (0.54–0.99) | 0.61 (0.43–0.87) | 0.002 |
| Hemoglobin A1c/diabetes | 1.00 | 0.92 (0.70–1.21) | 0.69 (0.51–0.93) | 0.60 (0.42–0.86) | 0.002 |
| Traditional lipids Total, LDL, HDL cholesterol | 1.00 | 0.95 (0.72–1.25) | 0.74 (0.55–1.00) | 0.64 (0.45–0.91) | 0.006 |
| Novel lipids Lp(a), Apo A1, Apo B100 | 1.00 | 0.93 (0.70–1.22) | 0.71 (0.53–0.96) | 0.63 (0.45–0.90) | 0.005 |
| Homocysteine | 1.00 | 0.90 (0.68–1.18) | 0.67 (0.50–0.90) | 0.58 (0.41–0.83) | 0.001 |
| nflammatory/hemostatic hsCRP, fibrinogen, sICAM-1 | 1.00 | 0.97 (0.74–1.28) | 0.76 (0.56–1.02) | 0.66 (0.46–0.94) | 0.009 |
| All of the above | 1.00 | 1.01 (0.76–1.33) | 0.79 (0.59–1.07) | 0.71 (0.50–1.01) | 0.03 |
| Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery | |||||
| Age- and treatment-adjusted model | 1.00 | 0.64 (0.44–0.92) | 0.74 (0.53–1.04) | 0.64 (0.43–0.94) | 0.09 |
| Basic model | 1.00 | 0.70 (0.46–1.05) | 0.82 (0.56–1.21) | 0.80 (0.52–1.22) | 0.58 |
| Basic model plus each set of risk factors below, added one group at a time: | |||||
| Blood pressure/hypertension | 1.00 | 0.72 (0.48–1.10) | 0.94 (0.64–1.39) | 0.89 (0.58–1.38) | 1.00 |
| Body mass index | 1.00 | 0.74 (0.49–1.11) | 0.90 (0.61–1.32) | 0.83 (0.54–1.28) | 0.69 |
| Hemoglobin A1c/diabetes | 1.00 | 0.73 (0.48–1.10) | 0.85 (0.58–1.25) | 0.85 (0.55–1.31) | 0.74 |
| Traditional lipids Total, LDL, HDL cholesterol | 1.00 | 0.73 (0.49–1.10) | 0.90 (0.61–1.32) | 0.87 (0.56–1.33) | 0.84 |
| Novel lipids Lp(a), Apo A1, Apo B100 | 1.00 | 0.71 (0.47–1.08) | 0.88 (0.60–1.29) | 0.84 (0.55–1.30) | 0.77 |
| Homocysteine | 1.00 | 0.70 (0.46–1.05) | 0.83 (0.56–1.21) | 0.80 (0.52–1.23) | 0.58 |
| Inflammatory/hemostatic hsCRP, fibrinogen, sICAM-1 | 1.00 | 0.76 (0.51–1.15) | 0.94 (0.64–1.38) | 0.92 (0.60–1.41) | 1.00 |
| All of the above | 1.00 | 0.78 (0.51–1.19) | 1.04 (0.70–1.53) | 1.04 (0.67–1.61) | 0.54 |