Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1987 May;169(5):2171–2176. doi: 10.1128/jb.169.5.2171-2176.1987

Regulation in Escherichia coli of the porin protein gene encoded by lambdoid bacteriophages.

A J Blasband, C A Schnaitman
PMCID: PMC212122  PMID: 3032909

Abstract

Specialized lambda transducing phages carrying the cloned lc porin gene from the lambdoid bacteriophage PA-2, including various amounts of a sequence 5' to the start of transcription, were used to study the regulation of the porin gene. It was found that a cyclic AMP receptor protein consensus binding site 65 base pairs 5' to the start of transcription was required for catabolite repression of lc but was not sufficient for maximum expression under derepressing conditions. A sequence located more than 209 base pairs 5' to the start of transcription was necessary for maximum expression. By manipulating the copy number of the lc gene and the temperature and by measuring both the rate of synthesis of mRNA and the amount of Lc protein in the outer membrane, it was determined that the expression of lc is regulated primarily at the level of transcription and that expression is not autoregulated. Evidence is also presented that the silent phage porin gene nmpC of Escherichia coli K-12 is transcribed to the same extent as lc even though it does not give rise to a stable pool of mRNA. The structure of the 5' end of lc and nmpC is similar to that of ompF, and a model for transcriptional regulation is presented which may apply to all of these porin genes.

Full text

PDF
2171

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Alphen W. V., Lugtenberg B. Influence of osmolarity of the growth medium on the outer membrane protein pattern of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1977 Aug;131(2):623–630. doi: 10.1128/jb.131.2.623-630.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Blasband A. J., Marcotte W. R., Jr, Schnaitman C. A. Structure of the lc and nmpC outer membrane porin protein genes of lambdoid bacteriophage. J Biol Chem. 1986 Sep 25;261(27):12723–12732. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Diedrich D. L., Fralick J. A. Relationship between the OmpC and LamB proteins of Escherichia coli and its influence on the protein mass of the outer membrane. J Bacteriol. 1982 Jan;149(1):156–160. doi: 10.1128/jb.149.1.156-160.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Garrett S., Taylor R. K., Silhavy T. J. Isolation and characterization of chain-terminating nonsense mutations in a porin regulator gene, envZ. J Bacteriol. 1983 Oct;156(1):62–69. doi: 10.1128/jb.156.1.62-69.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Hall M. N., Silhavy T. J. Genetic analysis of the ompB locus in Escherichia coli K-12. J Mol Biol. 1981 Sep 5;151(1):1–15. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90218-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hall M. N., Silhavy T. J. The ompB locus and the regulation of the major outer membrane porin proteins of Escherichia coli K12. J Mol Biol. 1981 Feb 15;146(1):23–43. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90364-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hall M. N., Silhavy T. J. Transcriptional regulation of Escherichia coli K-12 major outer membrane protein 1b. J Bacteriol. 1979 Nov;140(2):342–350. doi: 10.1128/jb.140.2.342-350.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Highton P. J., Chang Y., Marcotte W. R., Jr, Schnaitman C. A. Evidence that the outer membrane protein gene nmpC of Escherichia coli K-12 lies within the defective qsr' prophage. J Bacteriol. 1985 Apr;162(1):256–262. doi: 10.1128/jb.162.1.256-262.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Inokuchi K., Furukawa H., Nakamura K., Mizushima S. Characterization by deletion mutagenesis in vitro of the promoter region of ompF, a positively regulated gene of Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1984 Sep 25;178(3):653–668. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(84)90243-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Inokuchi K., Itoh M., Mizushima S. Domains involved in osmoregulation of the ompF gene in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1985 Nov;164(2):585–590. doi: 10.1128/jb.164.2.585-590.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kawaji H., Mizuno T., Mizushima S. Influence of molecular size and osmolarity of sugars and dextrans on the synthesis of outer membrane proteins O-8 and O-9 of Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1979 Dec;140(3):843–847. doi: 10.1128/jb.140.3.843-847.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lundrigan M. D., Earhart C. F. Gene envY of Escherichia coli K-12 affects thermoregulation of major porin expression. J Bacteriol. 1984 Jan;157(1):262–268. doi: 10.1128/jb.157.1.262-268.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Mizuno T., Mizushima S. Characterization by deletion and localized mutagenesis in vitro of the promoter region of the Escherichia coli ompC gene and importance of the upstream DNA domain in positive regulation by the OmpR protein. J Bacteriol. 1986 Oct;168(1):86–95. doi: 10.1128/jb.168.1.86-95.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Murray K., Murray N. E. Phage lambda receptor chromosomes for DNA fragments made with restriction endonuclease III of Haemophilus influenzae and restriction endonuclease I of Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):551–564. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80086-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Ostrow K. S., Silhavy T. J., Garrett S. cis-acting sites required for osmoregulation of ompF expression in Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1986 Dec;168(3):1165–1171. doi: 10.1128/jb.168.3.1165-1171.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Pugsley A. P., Schnaitman C. A. Identification of three genes controlling production of new outer membrane pore proteins in Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1978 Sep;135(3):1118–1129. doi: 10.1128/jb.135.3.1118-1129.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Ramakrishnan G., Ikenaka K., Inouye M. Uncoupling of osmoregulation of the Escherichia coli K-12 ompF gene from ompB-dependent transcription. J Bacteriol. 1985 Jul;163(1):82–87. doi: 10.1128/jb.163.1.82-87.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Schnaitman C. A., McDonald G. A. Regulation of outer membrane protein synthesis in Escherichia coli K-12: deletion of ompC affects expression of the OmpF protein. J Bacteriol. 1984 Aug;159(2):555–563. doi: 10.1128/jb.159.2.555-563.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Schnaitman C., Smith D., de Salsas M. F. Temperate Bacteriophage Which Causes the Production of a New Major Outer Membrane Protein by Escherichia coli. J Virol. 1975 May;15(5):1121–1130. doi: 10.1128/jvi.15.5.1121-1130.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Stewart V., Yanofsky C. Evidence for transcription antitermination control of tryptophanase operon expression in Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1985 Nov;164(2):731–740. doi: 10.1128/jb.164.2.731-740.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Yanofsky C. Mutations affecting tRNATrp and its charging and their effect on regulation of transcription termination at the attenuator of the tryptophan operon. J Mol Biol. 1977 Jul 15;113(4):663–677. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90229-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES