Skip to main content
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1987 Aug;169(8):3737–3742. doi: 10.1128/jb.169.8.3737-3742.1987

P1 plasmid replication: measurement of initiator protein concentration in vivo.

J A Swack, S K Pal, R J Mason, A L Abeles, D K Chattoraj
PMCID: PMC212459  PMID: 3611028

Abstract

To study the functions of the mini-P1 replication initiation protein RepA quantitatively, we have developed a method to measure RepA concentration by using immunoblotting. In vivo, there are about 20 RepA dimers per unit-copy plasmid DNA. RepA was deduced to be a dimer from gel filtration of the purified protein. Since there are 14 binding sites of the protein per replicon, the physiological concentration of the protein appears to be sufficiently low to be a rate-limiting factor for replication. Autoregulation is apparently responsible for the low protein level; at the physiological concentration of the protein, the repA promoter retains only 0.1% of its full activity as determined by gene fusions to lacZ. When the concentration is further decreased by a factor of 3 or increased by a factor of 40, replication is no longer detectable.

Full text

PDF
3737

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Abeles A. L. P1 plasmid replication. Purification and DNA-binding activity of the replication protein RepA. J Biol Chem. 1986 Mar 15;261(8):3548–3555. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Abeles A. L., Snyder K. M., Chattoraj D. K. P1 plasmid replication: replicon structure. J Mol Biol. 1984 Mar 5;173(3):307–324. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(84)90123-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Austin S. J., Mural R. J., Chattoraj D. K., Abeles A. L. Trans- and cis-acting elements for the replication of P1 miniplasmids. J Mol Biol. 1985 May 25;183(2):195–202. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(85)90212-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chattoraj D. K., Snyder K. M., Abeles A. L. P1 plasmid replication: multiple functions of RepA protein at the origin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 May;82(9):2588–2592. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.9.2588. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chattoraj D., Cordes K., Abeles A. Plasmid P1 replication: negative control by repeated DNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Oct;81(20):6456–6460. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.20.6456. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Filutowicz M., McEachern M. J., Helinski D. R. Positive and negative roles of an initiator protein at an origin of replication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Dec;83(24):9645–9649. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.24.9645. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gilbert W., Müller-Hill B. Isolation of the lac repressor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1966 Dec;56(6):1891–1898. doi: 10.1073/pnas.56.6.1891. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gottesman M. E., Yarmolinsky M. B. The integration and excision of the bacteriophage lambda genome. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1968;33:735–747. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1968.033.01.084. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Karawya E., Swack J., Albert W., Fedorko J., Minna J. D., Wilson S. H. Identification of a higher molecular weight DNA polymerase alpha catalytic polypeptide in monkey cells by monoclonal antibody. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Dec;81(24):7777–7781. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.24.7777. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Pal S. K., Mason R. J., Chattoraj D. K. P1 plasmid replication. Role of initiator titration in copy number control. J Mol Biol. 1986 Nov 20;192(2):275–285. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(86)90364-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Prentki P., Chandler M., Caro L. Replication of prophage P1 during the cell cycle of Escherichia coli. Mol Gen Genet. 1977 Mar 28;152(1):71–76. doi: 10.1007/BF00264942. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Raleigh E. A., Kleckner N. Quantitation of insertion sequence IS10 transposase gene expression by a method generally applicable to any rarely expressed gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(6):1787–1791. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.6.1787. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Rokeach L. A., Søgaard-Andersen L., Molin S. Two functions of the E protein are key elements in the plasmid F replication control system. J Bacteriol. 1985 Dec;164(3):1262–1270. doi: 10.1128/jb.164.3.1262-1270.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Schaffner W., Weissmann C. A rapid, sensitive, and specific method for the determination of protein in dilute solution. Anal Biochem. 1973 Dec;56(2):502–514. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(73)90217-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Shimada K., Weisberg R. A., Gottesman M. E. Prophage lambda at unusual chromosomal locations. I. Location of the secondary attachment sites and the properties of the lysogens. J Mol Biol. 1972 Feb 14;63(3):483–503. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(72)90443-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Silva L. H., Jacob F. Etude genétique d'une mutation modifiant la sensibilité à l'immunité chez le bacteriophage lambda. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1968 Aug;115(2):145–158. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Swack J. A., Karawya E., Albert W., Fedorko J., Minna J. D., Wilson S. H. Properties and applications of new monoclonal antibodies raised against calf DNA polymerase alpha. Anal Biochem. 1985 May 15;147(1):10–21. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(85)90003-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Towbin H., Staehelin T., Gordon J. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350–4354. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4350. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Tsutsui H., Fujiyama A., Murotsu T., Matsubara K. Role of nine repeating sequences of the mini-F genome for expression of F-specific incompatibility phenotype and copy number control. J Bacteriol. 1983 Jul;155(1):337–344. doi: 10.1128/jb.155.1.337-344.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES