Abstract
The molecular epidemiology of rotavirus infections in Glasgow and the west of Scotland during 1981/82 and 1982/83 was investigated by electron microscopy, ELISA testing and RNA migration pattern analysis. In 1981/82, rotaviruses of both the 'long' and the 'short' electropherotype (in different variants) co-circulated from the onset throughout the winter peak of the outbreak. Approximately 80% of the children were infected during the first year of life. No differences in incidence were found between sexes. In 1982/83 the isolated rotaviruses were almost exclusively of the 'long' electropherotype (in different variants) and 36% of the children were infected beyond the first year of life. Rotaviruses of the 'long' electropherotype serologically were of subgroup II and serotype 1 and those of the 'short' electropherotype of subgroup I and serotype 2.
Full text
PDF













Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Beards G. M., Bryden A. S. Evaluation of a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test for rotavirus antigen in faeces. J Clin Pathol. 1981 Dec;34(12):1388–1391. doi: 10.1136/jcp.34.12.1388. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Beards G. M., Pilfold J. N., Thouless M. E., Flewett T. H. Rotavirus serotypes by serum neutralisation. J Med Virol. 1980;5(3):231–237. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890050307. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Beards G. M. Polymorphism of genomic RNAs within rotavirus serotypes and subgroups. Arch Virol. 1982;74(1):65–70. doi: 10.1007/BF01320783. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Birch C. J., Lewis F. A., Kennett M. L., Homola M., Pritchard H., Gust I. D. A study of the prevalence of rotavirus infection in children with gastroenteritis admitted to an infectious diseases hospital. J Med Virol. 1977;1(1):69–77. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890010109. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Both G. W., Mattick J. S., Bellamy A. R. Serotype-specific glycoprotein of simian 11 rotavirus: coding assignment and gene sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 May;80(10):3091–3095. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.10.3091. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Brandt C. D., Kim H. W., Rodriguez W. J., Arrobio J. O., Jeffries B. C., Stallings E. P., Lewis C., Miles A. J., Chanock R. M., Kapikian A. Z. Pediatric viral gastroenteritis during eight years of study. J Clin Microbiol. 1983 Jul;18(1):71–78. doi: 10.1128/jcm.18.1.71-78.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Espejo R. T., Muñz O., Serafin F., Romero P. Shift in the prevalent human rotavirus detected by ribonucleic acid segment differences. Infect Immun. 1980 Feb;27(2):351–354. doi: 10.1128/iai.27.2.351-354.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Flewett T. H., Woode G. N. The rotaviruses. Arch Virol. 1978;57(1):1–23. doi: 10.1007/BF01315633. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Flores J., Perez I., White L., Perez M., Kalica A. R., Marquina R., Wyatt R. G., Kapikian A. Z., Chanock R. M. Genetic relatedness among human rotaviruses as determined by RNA hybridization. Infect Immun. 1982 Aug;37(2):648–655. doi: 10.1128/iai.37.2.648-655.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Follett E. A., Desselberger U. Cocirculation of different rotavirus strains in a local outbreak of infantile gastroenteritis: monitoring by rapid and sensitive nucleic acid analysis. J Med Virol. 1983;11(1):39–52. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890110106. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Greenberg H. B., Kalica A. R., Wyatt R. G., Jones R. W., Kapikian A. Z., Chanock R. M. Rescue of noncultivatable human rotavirus by gene reassortment during mixed infection with ts mutants of a cultivatable bovine rotavirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jan;78(1):420–424. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.1.420. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Greenberg H., McAuliffe V., Valdesuso J., Wyatt R., Flores J., Kalica A., Hoshino Y., Singh N. Serological analysis of the subgroup protein of rotavirus, using monoclonal antibodies. Infect Immun. 1983 Jan;39(1):91–99. doi: 10.1128/iai.39.1.91-99.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Herring A. J., Inglis N. F., Ojeh C. K., Snodgrass D. R., Menzies J. D. Rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infection by direct detection of viral nucleic acid in silver-stained polyacrylamide gels. J Clin Microbiol. 1982 Sep;16(3):473–477. doi: 10.1128/jcm.16.3.473-477.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hoshino Y., Wyatt R. G., Greenberg H. B., Kalica A. R., Flores J., Kapikian A. Z. Serological comparison of canine rotavirus with various simian and human rotaviruses by plaque reduction neutralization and hemagglutination inhibition tests. Infect Immun. 1983 Jul;41(1):169–173. doi: 10.1128/iai.41.1.169-173.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kalica A. R., Garon C. F., Wyatt R. G., Mebus C. A., van Kirk D. H., Chanock R. M., Kapikian A. Z. Differentiation of human and calf reoviruslike agents associated with diarrhea using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of RNA. Virology. 1976 Oct 1;74(1):86–92. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(76)90131-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kalica A. R., Greenberg H. B., Espejo R. T., Flores J., Wyatt R. G., Kapikian A. Z., Chanock R. M. Distinctive ribonucleic acid patterns of human rotavirus subgroups 1 and 2. Infect Immun. 1981 Sep;33(3):958–961. doi: 10.1128/iai.33.3.958-961.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kalica A. R., Greenberg H. B., Wyatt R. G., Flores J., Sereno M. M., Kapikian A. Z., Chanock R. M. Genes of human (strain Wa) and bovine (strain UK) rotaviruses that code for neutralization and subgroup antigens. Virology. 1981 Jul 30;112(2):385–390. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(81)90285-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kalica A. R., Sereno M. M., Wyatt R. G., Mebus C. A., Chanock R. M., Kapikian A. Z. Comparison of human and animal rotavirus strains by gel electrophoresis of viral RNA. Virology. 1978 Jun 15;87(2):247–255. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(78)90130-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kapikian A. Z., Kim H. W., Wyatt R. G., Cline W. L., Arrobio J. O., Brandt C. D., Rodriguez W. J., Sack D. A., Chanock R. M., Parrott R. H. Human reovirus-like agent as the major pathogen associated with "winter" gastroenteritis in hospitalized infants and young children. N Engl J Med. 1976 Apr 29;294(18):965–972. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197604292941801. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kutsuzawa T., Konno T., Suzuki H., Ebina T., Ishida N. Two distinct electrophoretic migration patterns of RNA segments of human rotaviruses prevalent in Japan in relation to their serotypes. Microbiol Immunol. 1982;26(3):271–273. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1982.tb00177.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McNulty M. S. Rotaviruses. J Gen Virol. 1978 Jul;40(1):1–18. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-40-1-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Merril C. R., Switzer R. C., Van Keuren M. L. Trace polypeptides in cellular extracts and human body fluids detected by two-dimensional electrophoresis and a highly sensitive silver stain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4335–4339. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4335. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pereira H. G., Azeredo R. S., Leite J. P., Candeias J. A., Rácz M. L., Linhares A. C., Gabbay Y. B., Trabulsi J. R. Electrophoretic study of the genome of human rotaviruses from Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Pará, Brazil. J Hyg (Lond) 1983 Feb;90(1):117–125. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400063919. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rodger S. M., Bishop R. F., Birch C., McLean B., Holmes I. H. Molecular epidemiology of human rotaviruses in Melbourne, Australia, from 1973 to 1979, as determined by electrophoresis of genome ribonucleic acid. J Clin Microbiol. 1981 Feb;13(2):272–278. doi: 10.1128/jcm.13.2.272-278.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schnagl R. D., Rodger S. M., Holmes I. H. Variation in human rotavirus electropherotypes occurring between rotavirus gastroenteritis epidemics in central Australia. Infect Immun. 1981 Jul;33(1):17–21. doi: 10.1128/iai.33.1.17-21.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Street J. E., Croxson M. C., Chadderton W. F., Bellamy A. R. Sequence diversity of human rotavirus strains investigated by northern blot hybridization analysis. J Virol. 1982 Aug;43(2):369–378. doi: 10.1128/jvi.43.2.369-378.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thouless M. E., Beards G. M., Flewett T. H. Serotyping and subgrouping of rotavirus strains by the ELISA test. Arch Virol. 1982;73(3-4):219–230. doi: 10.1007/BF01318076. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thouless M. E., Bryden A. S., Flewett T. H., Woode G. N., Bridger J. C., Snodgrass D. R., Herring J. A. Serological relationships between rotaviruses from different species as studied by complement fixation and neutralization. Arch Virol. 1977;53(4):287–294. doi: 10.1007/BF01315627. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wyatt R. G., Greenberg H. B., James W. D., Pittman A. L., Kalica A. R., Flores J., Chanock R. M., Kapikian A. Z. Definition of human rotavirus serotypes by plaque reduction assay. Infect Immun. 1982 Jul;37(1):110–115. doi: 10.1128/iai.37.1.110-115.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Yolken R. H., Wyatt R. G., Zissis G., Brandt C. D., Rodriguez W. J., Kim H. W., Parrott R. H., Urrutia J. J., Mata L., Greenberg H. B. Epidemiology of human rotavirus Types 1 and 2 as studied by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. N Engl J Med. 1978 Nov 23;299(21):1156–1161. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197811232992103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Young J. F., Desselberger U., Palese P. Evolution of human influenza A viruses in nature: sequential mutations in the genomes of new H1N1. Cell. 1979 Sep;18(1):73–83. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90355-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zissis G., Lambert J. P. Different serotypes of human rotaviruses. Lancet. 1978 Jan 7;1(8054):38–39. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(78)90380-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

