Skip to main content
PMC home page
The Journal of Hygiene logoLink to The Journal of Hygiene
. 1977 Oct;79(2):249–257. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400053067

Influenza infections during pregnancy in the mouse.

K Williams, J S Mackenzie
PMCID: PMC2129932  PMID: 269201

Abstract

The effect of a sublethal dose (0-5 LD50) of influenza A/WSN (H0N1) administered intranasally in the 1st and 3rd weeks of pregnancy was studied in C3H inbred mice. Maternal and neonatal mortality rates were significantly increased by infections in the 3rd week of pregnancy, but not in the 1st week. Infections during the last part of the 1st week significantly depressed the growth rate of neonates. No evidence of viraemia, transplacental transmission or congenital malformations were observed from infections during either week. The results are discussed in terms of a possible model for human influenza infections during pregnancy to determine the potential risks to the mother, fetus and neonate.

Full text

PDF
249

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ADAMS J. M., HEATH H. D., IMAGAWA D. T., JONES M. H., SHEAR H. H. Teratogenic effects of herpes simplex, vaccinia, influenza-A (NWS), and distemper virus infections on early chick embryos. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1956 Aug-Sep;92(4):675–682. doi: 10.3181/00379727-92-22580. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. ADAMS J. M., HEATH H. D., IMAGAWA D. T., JONES M. H., SHEAR H. H. Viral infections in the embryo. AMA J Dis Child. 1956 Aug;92(2):109–114. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1956.02060030103001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. COFFEY V. P., JESSOP W. J. Maternal influenza and congenital deformities: a prospective study. Lancet. 1959 Nov 28;2(7109):935–938. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(59)91585-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. FREEMAN D. W., BARNO A. Deaths from Asian influenza associated with pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1959 Dec;78:1172–1175. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(59)90570-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Finn R., St Hill C. A., Govan A. J., Ralfs I. G., Gurney F. J., Denye V. Immunological responses in pregnancy and survival of fetal homograft. Br Med J. 1972 Jul 15;3(5819):150–152. doi: 10.1136/bmj.3.5819.150. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. GREENBERG M., JACOBZINER H., PAKTER J., WEISL B. A. Maternal mortality in the epidemic of Asian influenza, New York City, 1957. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1958 Oct;76(4):897–902. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(58)90027-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. HAMRE D., APPEL J., LOOSLI C. G. Viremia in mice with pulmonary influenza A virus infections. J Lab Clin Med. 1956 Feb;47(2):182–193. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hahimi A., Carruthers M. M., Wolf P., Lerner A. M. Congenital infections with reovirus. J Exp Med. 1966 Jul 1;124(1):33–46. doi: 10.1084/jem.124.1.33. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hakosalo J., Saxén L. Influenza epidemic and congenital defects. Lancet. 1971 Dec 18;2(7738):1346–1347. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)92362-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Khakpour M., Saidi A., Naficy K. Proved viraemia in Asian influenza (Hong Kong variant) during incubation period. Br Med J. 1969 Oct 25;4(5677):208–209. doi: 10.1136/bmj.4.5677.208. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. LECK I. Incidence of malformations following influenza epidemics. Br J Prev Soc Med. 1963 Apr;17:70–80. doi: 10.1136/jech.17.2.70. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Leck I. Further tests of the hypothesis that influenza in pregnancy causes malformations. HSMHA Health Rep. 1971 Mar;86(3):265–269. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Leck I., Hay S., Witte J. J., Greene J. C. Malformations recorded on birth certificates following A2 influenza epidemics. Public Health Rep. 1969 Nov;84(11):971–979. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Lehmann N. I., Gust I. D. Viraemia in influenza. A report of two cases. Med J Aust. 1971 Dec 4;2(23):1166–1169. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1971.tb92768.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. London W. T., Fuccillo D. A., Sever J. L., Kent S. G. Influenza virus as a teratogen in rhesus monkeys. Nature. 1975 Jun 5;255(5508):483–484. doi: 10.1038/255483a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. MacKenzie J. S., Houghton M. Influenza infections during pregnancy: association with congenital malformations and with subsequent neoplasms in children, and potential hazards of live virus vaccines. Bacteriol Rev. 1974 Dec;38(4):356–370. doi: 10.1128/br.38.4.356-370.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Mims C. A. Pathogenesis of viral infections of the fetus. Prog Med Virol. 1968;10:194–237. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. NAFICY K. HUMAN INFLUENZA INFECTION WITH PROVED VIREMIA. REPORT OF A CASE. N Engl J Med. 1963 Oct 31;269:964–966. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196310312691807. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Purtilo D. T., Hallgren H. M., Yunis E. J. Depressed maternal lymphocyte response to phytohaemagglutinin in human pregnancy. Lancet. 1972 Apr 8;1(7754):769–771. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(72)90522-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. ROBERTSON G. G., WILLIAMSON A. P., BLATTNER R. J. Origin of myeloschisis in chick embryos infected with influenza-A virus. Yale J Biol Med. 1960 Jun;32:449–463. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. SIEM R. A., LY H., IMAGAWA D. T., ADAMS J. M. Influenza virus infections in pregnant mice. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1960 Jan;19:125–129. doi: 10.1097/00005072-196001000-00013. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. WIDELOCK D., CSIZMAS L., KLEIN S. Influenza, pregnancy, and fetal outcome. Public Health Rep. 1963 Jan;78:1–11. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Yawn D. H., Pyeatte J. C., Joseph J. M., Eichler S. L., Garcia-Bunuel R. Transplacental transfer of influenza virus. JAMA. 1971 May 10;216(6):1022–1023. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Hygiene are provided here courtesy of Cambridge University Press

RESOURCES