Skip to main content
The Journal of Hygiene logoLink to The Journal of Hygiene
. 1971 Dec;69(4):565–570. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400021835

The Australia (hepatitis-associated) antigen amongst heroin addicts attending a London addiction clinic

J Hunter, M Carrella, R Williams, Patricia E Taylor, A J Zuckerman
PMCID: PMC2131046  PMID: 5002643

Abstract

Thirty-three of 72 heroin addicts attending a recognized clinic for drug addition had a history of jaundice, but in only five was the serum positive for hepatitis-associated antigen (HAA) when examined by immunodiffusion, immunoelectro-osmophoresis and complement fixation. Two of these were repeatedly positive over an 8-12 month follow-up period and liver biopsy showed chronic persistent hepatitis. A third later developed acute hepatitis. A study of the injection habits suggested that the present low incidence of HAA and the decrease in number of cases with jaundice was probably related to the provision of free disposable syringes by the clinic since it was opened in 1968.

Full text

PDF
565

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BROOKS F. P., DENEAU G. A., POTTER P., Jr, REINHOLD J. G., NORRIS R. F. Liver function tests in morphine-addicted and in nonaddicted rhesus monkeys. Gastroenterology. 1963 Mar;44:287–290. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Becker M. D., Baptista A., Scheuer P. J., Sherlock S. Prognosis of chronic persistent hepatitis. Lancet. 1970 Jan 10;1(7637):53–57. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(70)91843-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bewley T. H., Ben-Arie O., Marks V. Morbidity and mortality from heroin dependence. 3. Relation of hepatitis to self-injection techniques. Br Med J. 1968 Mar 23;1(5594):730–732. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5594.730. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Blumberg B. S., Gerstley B. J., Hungerford D. A., London W. T., Sutnick A. I. A serum antigen (Australia antigen) in Down's syndrome, leukemia, and hepatitis. Ann Intern Med. 1967 May;66(5):924–931. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-924. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Giles J. P., McCollum R. W., Berndtson L. W., Jr, Krugman S. Relation of Australia-SH antigen to the willowbrook MS-2 strain. N Engl J Med. 1969 Jul 17;281(3):119–122. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196907172810302. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gorodetzky C. W., Sapira J. D., Jasinski D. R., Martin W. R. Liver disease in narcotic addicts. I. The role of the drug. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1968 Nov-Dec;9(6):720–724. doi: 10.1002/cpt196896720. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Krugman S., Giles J. P., Hammond J. Infectious hepatitis. Evidence for two distinctive clinical, epidemiological, and immunological types of infection. JAMA. 1967 May 1;200(5):365–373. doi: 10.1001/jama.200.5.365. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Krugman S., Giles J. P. Viral hepatitis. New light on an old disease. JAMA. 1970 May 11;212(6):1019–1029. doi: 10.1001/jama.212.6.1019. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. MacCALLUM F. O. Hepatitis. Br Med Bull. 1953;9(3):221–225. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a074361. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Norris R. F., Potter H. P., Jr Hepatic inflammation in narcotic addicts; viral hepatitis a possible cause. Arch Environ Health. 1965 Nov;11(5):662–668. doi: 10.1080/00039896.1965.10664276. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. STEIGMANN F., HYMAN S., GOLDBLOOM R. Infectious hepatitis (homologous serum type) in drug addicts. Gastroenterology. 1950 Aug;15(4):642–646. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Zuckerman A. J., Taylor P. E. Persistence of the serum hepatitis (SH-Australia) antigen for many years. Nature. 1969 Jul 5;223(5201):81–82. doi: 10.1038/223081a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Hygiene are provided here courtesy of Cambridge University Press

RESOURCES