Abstract
Sera were examined from 50 patients on the renal transplant unit, Cambridge, for antibody against cytomegalovirus by complement fixation and by immunofluorescence for IgG and IgM antibodies.
The incidence of antibody on admission was 84% with a possible further 8% so that nearly all had been infected at some time by CMV.
43 (86%) patients showed evidence of active infection after admission, 39 by serology and four only from the examination of post-mortem material.
Twenty-one patients produced IgM antibody and production was prolonged for years in patients that survived. Antibody production was related both to transplantation and admission to hospital.
The evidence indicated that primary CMV infections were rare, that IgM antibody production was the result of active infection and that this could be attributed to reactivation without the need to invoke re-infection as the source although this type of patient is both susceptible and exposed to re-infection.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Andersen H. K. Complement-fixing and neutralizing antibodies against cytomegalovirus strain AD 169 in sera from infants with cytomegalovirus infection. Scand J Infect Dis. 1969;1(3):141–144. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Andersen H. K., Spencer E. S. Cytomegalovirus infection among renal allograft recipients. Acta Med Scand. 1969 Jul-Aug;186(1-2):7–19. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1969.tb01432.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Armstrong D., Balakrishnan S. L., Steger L., Yu B., Stenzel K. H. Cytomegalovirus infections with viremia following renal transplantation. Arch Intern Med. 1971 Jan;127(1):111–115. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- BODEY G. P., WERTLAKE P. T., DOUGLAS G., LEVIN R. H. CYTOMEGALIC INCLUSION DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE LEUKEMIA. Ann Intern Med. 1965 May;62:899–906. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-62-5-899. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- BRADSTREET C. M., TAYLOR C. E. Technique of complementfixation test applicable to the diagnosis of virus diseases. Mon Bull Minist Health Public Health Lab Serv. 1962 May;21:96–104. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Caul E. O., Mott M. G., Clarke S. K., Perham T. G., Wilson R. S. Cytomegalovirus infections after open heart surgery. A prospective study. Lancet. 1971 Apr 17;1(7703):777–780. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)91216-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Craighead J. E., Hanshaw J. B., Carpenter C. B. Cytomegalovirus infection after renal allotransplantation. JAMA. 1967 Sep 4;201(10):725–728. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Craighead J. E. Immunologic response to cytomegalovirus infection in renal allograft recipients. Am J Epidemiol. 1969 Dec;90(6):506–513. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121096. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Diosi P., Moldovan E., Tomescu N. Latent cytomegalovirus infection in blood donors. Br Med J. 1969 Dec 13;4(5684):660–662. doi: 10.1136/bmj.4.5684.660. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dreesman G. R., Benyesh-Melnick M. Spectrum of human cytomegalovirus complement-fixing antigens. J Immunol. 1967 Dec;99(6):1106–1114. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- HEDLEY-WHYTE E. T., CRAIGHEAD J. E. REPORT OF A CASE WITH ISOLATION OF VIRUS. N Engl J Med. 1965 Mar 4;272:473–475. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196503042720907. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hanshaw J. B., Steinfeld H. J., White C. J. Fluorescent-antibody test for cytomegalovirus macroglobulin. N Engl J Med. 1968 Sep 12;279(11):566–570. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196809122791102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Henle W., Henle G., Scriba M., Joyner C. R., Harrison F. S., Jr, Von Essen R., Paloheimo J., Klemola E. Antibody responses to the Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegaloviruses after open-heart and other surgery. N Engl J Med. 1970 May 7;282(19):1068–1074. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197005072821904. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kanich R. E., Craighead J. E. Cytomegalovirus infection and cytomegalic inclusion disease in renal homotransplant recipients. Am J Med. 1966 Jun;40(6):874–882. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(66)90202-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klemola E., von Essen R., Paloheimo J., Furuhjelm U. Cytomegalovirus antibodies in donors of fresh blood to patients submitted to open-heart surgery. Scand J Infect Dis. 1969;1(3):137–140. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Krech U., Jung M. The development of neutralizing antibodies in guinea pigs following immunization with human cytomegalovirus. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch. 1969;28(2):248–250. doi: 10.1007/BF01249391. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Käriäinen L., Klemola E., Paloheimo J. Rise of cytomegalovirus antibodies in an infectious-mononucleosis-like syndrome after transfusion. Br Med J. 1966 May 21;1(5498):1270–1272. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5498.1270. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lang D. J., Hanshaw J. B. Cytomegalovirus infection and the postperfusion syndrome. Recognition of primary infections in four patients. N Engl J Med. 1969 May 22;280(21):1145–1149. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196905222802103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lang D. J., Noren B. Cytomegaloviremia following congenital infection. J Pediatr. 1968 Dec;73(6):812–819. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(68)80233-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Montgomerie J. Z., Becroft D. M., Croxson M. C., Doak P. B., North J. D. Herpes-simplex-virus infection after renal transplantation. Lancet. 1969 Oct 25;2(7626):867–871. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)92327-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Paloheimo J. A., von Essen R., Klemola E., Käriäinen L., Siltanen P. Subclinical cytomegalovirus infections and cytomegalovirus mononculeosis after open heart surgery. Am J Cardiol. 1968 Nov;22(5):624–630. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(68)90198-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Plotkin S. A., Bechtel D. J., Sedwick W. D. A simple method for removal of rubella hemagglutination inhibitors from serum adaptable to finger-tip blood. Am J Epidemiol. 1968 Nov;88(3):301–304. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120888. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Purcell R. H., Walsh J. H., Holland P. V., Morrow A. G., Wood S., Chanock R. M. Seroepidemiological studies of transfusion-associated hepatitis. J Infect Dis. 1971 Apr;123(4):406–413. doi: 10.1093/infdis/123.4.406. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ROWE W. P., HARTLEY J. W., WATERMAN S., TURNER H. C., HUEBNER R. J. Cytopathogenic agent resembling human salivary gland virus recovered from tissue cultures of human adenoids. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1956 Jun;92(2):418–424. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rifkind D. The activation of varicella-zoster virus infections by immunosuppressive therapy. J Lab Clin Med. 1966 Sep;68(3):463–474. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Rowley M. J., Mackay I. R., McKenzie I. F. Antibody production in immunosuppressed recipients of renal allografts. Lancet. 1969 Oct 4;2(7623):708–710. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)90425-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- STERN H., ELEK S. D. THE INCIDENCE OF INFECTION WITH CYTOMEGALOVIRUS IN A NORMAL POPULATION. A SEROLOGICAL STUDY IN GREATER LONDON. J Hyg (Lond) 1965 Mar;63:79–87. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400044983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- STERN H., LAMBERT H. P., SHAKESPEARE W. G. ISOLATION OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS IN AN INFANT WITH AN ANGIOSARCOMA. Arch Dis Child. 1963 Dec;38:626–631. doi: 10.1136/adc.38.202.626. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Starr J. G., Calafiore D., Casey H. L. Experience with a human cytomegalovirus complement fixing antigen. Am J Epidemiol. 1967 Nov;86(3):507–512. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120761. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stewart G. L., Parkman P. D., Hopps H. E., Douglas R. D., Hamilton J. P., Meyer H. M., Jr Rubella-virus hemagglutination-inhibition test. N Engl J Med. 1967 Mar 9;276(10):554–557. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196703092761006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WELLER T. H., HANSHAW J. B., SCOTT D. E. Serologic differentiation of viruses responsible for cytomegalic inclusion disease. Virology. 1960 Sep;12:130–132. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(60)90156-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weller T. H. Review. Cytomegaloviruses: the difficult years. J Infect Dis. 1970 Dec;122(6):532–539. doi: 10.1093/infdis/122.6.532. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]