Abstract
The heat-stable toxin I gene in the human Escherichia coli isolate 18D is the estA1 allele. The gene is not part of a composite transposon, but inspection of the flanking DNA sequences suggests that it was at one time part of a transposon. The hypothetical transposon originated from an event other than the occurrence that formed Tn1681.
Full text
PDF![5490](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a1d0/213218/1f016c94dea9/jbacter00123-0760.png)
![5491](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a1d0/213218/da869f0c0c6a/jbacter00123-0761.png)
![5492](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a1d0/213218/3e5f927d7abb/jbacter00123-0762.png)
![5493](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a1d0/213218/8f15c821647c/jbacter00123-0763.png)
Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Burgess M. N., Bywater R. J., Cowley C. M., Mullan N. A., Newsome P. M. Biological evaluation of a methanol-soluble, heat-stable Escherichia coli enterotoxin in infant mice, pigs, rabbits, and calves. Infect Immun. 1978 Aug;21(2):526–531. doi: 10.1128/iai.21.2.526-531.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chan S. K., Giannella R. A. Amino acid sequence of heat-stable enterotoxin produced by Escherichia coli pathogenic for man. J Biol Chem. 1981 Aug 10;256(15):7744–7746. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dallas W. S. Conformity between heat-labile toxin genes from human and porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Infect Immun. 1983 May;40(2):647–652. doi: 10.1128/iai.40.2.647-652.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dalrymple B., Caspers P., Arber W. Nucleotide sequence of the prokaryotic mobile genetic element IS30. EMBO J. 1984 Sep;3(9):2145–2149. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb02104.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Evans D. G., Silver R. P., Evans D. J., Jr, Chase D. G., Gorbach S. L. Plasmid-controlled colonization factor associated with virulence in Esherichia coli enterotoxigenic for humans. Infect Immun. 1975 Sep;12(3):656–667. doi: 10.1128/iai.12.3.656-667.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gorbach S. L., Khurana C. M. Toxigenic Escherichia coli: a cause of infantile diarrhea in Chicago. N Engl J Med. 1972 Oct 19;287(16):791–795. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197210192871603. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Guzman-Verduzco L. M., Kupersztoch Y. M. Rectification of two Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin allele sequences and lack of biological effect of changing the carboxy-terminal tyrosine to histidine. Infect Immun. 1989 Feb;57(2):645–648. doi: 10.1128/iai.57.2.645-648.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gyles C., So M., Falkow S. The enterotoxin plasmids of Escherichia coli. J Infect Dis. 1974 Jul;130(1):40–49. doi: 10.1093/infdis/130.1.40. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hill W. E., Payne W. L., Zon G., Moseley S. L. Synthetic oligodeoxyribonucleotide probes for detecting heat-stable enterotoxin-producing Escherichia coli by DNA colony hybridization. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1985 Nov;50(5):1187–1191. doi: 10.1128/aem.50.5.1187-1191.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Iida S., Hiestand-Nauer R., Arber W. Transposable element IS1 intrinsically generates target duplications of variable length. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Feb;82(3):839–843. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.3.839. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Iida S., Meyer J., Arber W. Genesis and natural history of IS-mediated transposons. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1981;45(Pt 1):27–43. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1981.045.01.006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klipstein F. A., Engert R. F., Houghten R. A. Properties of synthetically produced Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin. Infect Immun. 1983 Jan;39(1):117–121. doi: 10.1128/iai.39.1.117-121.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lee C. H., Hu S. T., Swiatek P. J., Moseley S. L., Allen S. D., So M. Isolation of a novel transposon which carries the Escherichia coli enterotoxin STII gene. J Bacteriol. 1985 May;162(2):615–620. doi: 10.1128/jb.162.2.615-620.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lee C. H., Moseley S. L., Moon H. W., Whipp S. C., Gyles C. L., So M. Characterization of the gene encoding heat-stable toxin II and preliminary molecular epidemiological studies of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli heat-stable toxin II producers. Infect Immun. 1983 Oct;42(1):264–268. doi: 10.1128/iai.42.1.264-268.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Moseley S. L., Hardy J. W., Hug M. I., Echeverria P., Falkow S. Isolation and nucleotide sequence determination of a gene encoding a heat-stable enterotoxin of Escherichia coli. Infect Immun. 1983 Mar;39(3):1167–1174. doi: 10.1128/iai.39.3.1167-1174.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ohtsubo H., Ohtsubo E. Nucleotide sequence of an insertion element, IS1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Feb;75(2):615–619. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.2.615. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Picken R. N., Mazaitis A. J., Maas W. K., Rey M., Heyneker H. Nucleotide sequence of the gene for heat-stable enterotoxin II of Escherichia coli. Infect Immun. 1983 Oct;42(1):269–275. doi: 10.1128/iai.42.1.269-275.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sack R. B., Gorbach S. L., Banwell J. G., Jacobs B., Chatterjee B. D., Mitra R. C. Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from patients with severe cholera-like disease. J Infect Dis. 1971 Apr;123(4):378–385. doi: 10.1093/infdis/123.4.378. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Short J. M., Fernandez J. M., Sorge J. A., Huse W. D. Lambda ZAP: a bacteriophage lambda expression vector with in vivo excision properties. Nucleic Acids Res. 1988 Aug 11;16(15):7583–7600. doi: 10.1093/nar/16.15.7583. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith H. W., Gyles C. L. The relationship between two apparently different enterotoxins produced by enteropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli of porcine origin. J Med Microbiol. 1970 Aug;3(3):387–401. doi: 10.1099/00222615-3-3-387. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith H. W., Halls S. Studies on Escherichia coli enterotoxin. J Pathol Bacteriol. 1967 Apr;93(2):531–543. doi: 10.1002/path.1700930212. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- So M., Boyer H. W., Betlach M., Falkow S. Molecular cloning of an Escherichia coli plasmid determinant than encodes for the production of heat-stable enterotoxin. J Bacteriol. 1976 Oct;128(1):463–472. doi: 10.1128/jb.128.1.463-472.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- So M., Heffron F., McCarthy B. J. The E. coli gene encoding heat stable toxin is a bacterial transposon flanked by inverted repeats of IS1. Nature. 1979 Feb 8;277(5696):453–456. doi: 10.1038/277453a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- So M., McCarthy B. J. Nucleotide sequence of the bacterial transposon Tn1681 encoding a heat-stable (ST) toxin and its identification in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):4011–4015. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.7.4011. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stieglitz H., Cervantes L., Robledo R., Fonseca R., Covarrubias L., Bolivar F., Kupersztoch Y. M. Cloning, sequencing, and expression in Ficoll-generated minicells of an Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin gene. Plasmid. 1988 Jul;20(1):42–53. doi: 10.1016/0147-619x(88)90006-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Thompson M. R., Giannella R. A. Revised amino acid sequence for a heat-stable enterotoxin produced by an Escherichia coli strain (18D) that is pathogenic for humans. Infect Immun. 1985 Mar;47(3):834–836. doi: 10.1128/iai.47.3.834-836.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vieira J., Messing J. The pUC plasmids, an M13mp7-derived system for insertion mutagenesis and sequencing with synthetic universal primers. Gene. 1982 Oct;19(3):259–268. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(82)90015-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vinal A. C., Dallas W. S. Partition of heat-labile-enterotoxin genes between human and animal Escherichia coli isolates. Infect Immun. 1987 May;55(5):1329–1331. doi: 10.1128/iai.55.5.1329-1331.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]