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The Journal of Experimental Medicine logoLink to The Journal of Experimental Medicine
. 1943 Feb 1;77(2):127–138. doi: 10.1084/jem.77.2.127

THE SWINE LUNGWORM AS A RESERVOIR AND INTERMEDIATE HOST FOR SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS

IV. THE DEMONSTRATION OF MASKED SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS IN LUNGWORM LARVAE AND SWINE UNDER NATURAL CONDITIONS

Richard E Shope 1
PMCID: PMC2135325  PMID: 19871269

Abstract

1. The presence of masked swine influenza virus has been demonstrated in lungworm larvae from earthworms dug on Midwestern farms. 2. Swine influenza virus infections were provoked in 2 of 3 swine obtained from an Iowa farm during an interepizootic period. 3. The evidence presented has been interpreted as indicating that the swine lungworm is the reservoir and intermediate host for swine influenza virus in the field. 4. A concept of the epidemiology of swine influenza in which the causative virus is represented as being maintained and disseminated in a masked form by its lungworm intermediate host has been presented.

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Selected References

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  1. Shope R. E. SWINE INFLUENZA : I. EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION AND PATHOLOGY. J Exp Med. 1931 Jul 31;54(3):349–359. doi: 10.1084/jem.54.3.349. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Shope R. E. THE SWINE LUNGWORM AS A RESERVOIR AND INTERMEDIATE HOST FOR SWINE INFLUENZA VIRUS : III. FACTORS INFLUENCING TRANSMISSION OF THE VIRUS AND THE PROVOCATION OF INFLUENZA. J Exp Med. 1943 Feb 1;77(2):111–126. doi: 10.1084/jem.77.2.111. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

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