Skip to main content
The Journal of Experimental Medicine logoLink to The Journal of Experimental Medicine
. 1962 Nov 30;116(6):859–877. doi: 10.1084/jem.116.6.859

CLASSIFICATION OF MYELOMA PROTEINS, BENCE JONES PROTEINS, AND MACROGLOBULINS INTO TWO GROUPS ON THE BASIS OF COMMON ANTIGENIC CHARACTERS

Mart Mannik 1, Henry G Kunkel 1
PMCID: PMC2137582  PMID: 19867218

Abstract

Antisera to normal 7S γ-globulin and to Bence Jones proteins permit the grouping of myeloma proteins (gamma and beta 2A types), Bence Jones proteins, and the Waldenström type macroglobulins into two fundamental antigenic groups. The antigenic determinants responsible for this grouping are common to all these proteins which fall in the general category of immunoglobulins. Antisera to Bence Jones proteins were particularly useful for this classification since they failed to react with the proteins of the opposite group. These antisera also permit the grouping of normal 7S γ-globulin into two major types. The Bence Jones proteins from individual patients were found to correspond in antigenic group to that of the serum myeloma protein. Studies with antisera to 7S γ-globulin and to Bence Jones proteins indicated that the Bence Jones proteins were antigenically identical to a portion of the corresponding multiple myeloma protein molecules.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (995.3 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. DEUTSCH H. F., KRATOCHVIL C. H., REIF A. E. Immunochemical relation of Bence-Jones proteins to normal serum proteins. J Biol Chem. 1955 Sep;216(1):103–111. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. EDELMAN G. M., GALLY J. A. The nature of Bence-Jones proteins. Chemical similarities to polypetide chains of myeloma globulins and normal gamma-globulins. J Exp Med. 1962 Aug 1;116:207–227. doi: 10.1084/jem.116.2.207. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. EDELMAN G. M., HEREMANS J. F., HEREMANS M. T., KUNKEL H. G. Immunological studies of human gamma-globulin. Relation of the precipitin lines of whole gamma-globulin to those of the fragments produced by papain. J Exp Med. 1960 Jul 1;112:203–223. doi: 10.1084/jem.112.1.203. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. FAHEY J. L., ASKONAS B. A. Enzymatically produced subunits of proteins formed by plasma cells in mice. I. gamma-Globulin and gamma-myeloma proteins. J Exp Med. 1962 Mar 1;115:623–639. doi: 10.1084/jem.115.3.623. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. FRANKLIN E. C., FUDENBERG H., MELTZER M., STANWORTH D. R. The structural basis for genetic variations of normal human gamma-globulins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1962 Jun 15;48:914–922. doi: 10.1073/pnas.48.6.914. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. FRANKLIN E. C. Two types of gamma-1A-globulin in sera from normals and patients with multiple myeloma. Nature. 1962 Jul 28;195:393–394. doi: 10.1038/195393a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Franklin E. C., Stanworth D. R. ANTIGENIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN IMMUNE GLOBULINS AND CERTAIN RELATED PARAPROTEINS IN MAN. J Exp Med. 1961 Sep 30;114(4):521–533. doi: 10.1084/jem.114.4.521. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. HARBOE M., OSTERLAND C. K., KUNKEL H. G. Localization of two genetic factors to different areas of gamma-globulin molecules. Science. 1962 Jun 15;136(3520):979–980. doi: 10.1126/science.136.3520.979. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. HARBOE M., OSTERLAND C. K., MANNIK M., KUNKEL H. G. Genetic characters of human gamma-globulins in myeloma proteins. J Exp Med. 1962 Nov 1;116:719–738. doi: 10.1084/jem.116.5.719. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. KORNGOLD L., LIPARI R. Multiple-myeloma proteins. I. Immunological studies. Cancer. 1956 Jan-Feb;9(1):183–192. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(195601/02)9:1<183::aid-cncr2820090119>3.0.co;2-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. KORNGOLD L., LIPARI R. Multiple-myeloma proteins. III. The antigenic relationship of Bence Jones proteins to normal gammaglobulin and multiple-myeloma serum proteins. Cancer. 1956 Mar-Apr;9(2):262–272. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(195603/04)9:2<262::aid-cncr2820090210>3.0.co;2-b. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. KORNGOLD L., VAN LEEUWEN G. Macroglobulinemia. I. The antigenic relationship of pathological macroglobulins to normal gamma-globulins. J Exp Med. 1957 Oct 1;106(4):467–476. doi: 10.1084/jem.106.4.467. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. KUNKEL H. G. Zone electrophoresis. Methods Biochem Anal. 1954;1:141–170. doi: 10.1002/9780470110171.ch6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. MORTON J. I., DEUTSCH H. F. Some immunochemical relations of Bence-Jones and hyperglobulinemic serum proteins of multiple myeloma patients. Cancer Res. 1958 Nov;18(10):1221–1224. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. PORTER R. R. The hydrolysis of rabbit y-globulin and antibodies with crystalline papain. Biochem J. 1959 Sep;73:119–126. doi: 10.1042/bj0730119. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. POULIK M. D., EDELMAN G. M. Comparison of reduced alkylated derivatives of some myeloma globulins and Bence-Jones proteins. Nature. 1961 Sep 23;191:1274–1276. doi: 10.1038/1911274a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. PUTNAM F. W., EASLEY C. W., LYNN L. T., RITCHIE A. E., PHELPS R. A. The heat precipitation of Bence-Jones proteins. I. Optimum conditions. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1959 Jul;83(1):115–130. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(59)90016-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. SLATER R. J., WARD S. M., KUNKEL H. G. Immunological relationships among the myeloma proteins. J Exp Med. 1955 Jan 1;101(1):85–108. doi: 10.1084/jem.101.1.85. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Experimental Medicine are provided here courtesy of The Rockefeller University Press

RESOURCES