Abstract
Group D Types 1 and 26 cell walls and the corresponding type-specific carbohydrates, extracted from the walls by various means, contain rhamnose, glucose, galactose, N-acetylglucosamine, and N-acetylgalactosamine. Mucopeptide elements are also present in the walls and in enzymatically-extracted carbohydrates. Types 1 and 26 carbohydrates extracted by formamide contain no mucopeptide, but the serologic reactivity of Type 1 antigen is destroyed by this procedure. The Type 1 antigen was successfully extracted, however, by a new technique involving autolysis of cell walls at pH 6.2. The type carbohydrate prepared by this procedure has chemical and serological similarities to the antigens prepared by the S. albus enzyme and the lysozyme methods. Quantitative precipitin inhibition studies with Type 1 antigen and antibody indicate that D-glucose and N-acetylglucosamine may be components of the antigenic determinant. The terminal residue is probably bound by an β-glycosidic bond to the subterminal sugar. Similar studies with the Type 26 carbohydrate have not revealed any of the chemical features of the antigenic determinant.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (690.7 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- BLEIWEIS A. S., KARAKAWA W. W., KRAUSE R. M. IMPROVED TECHNIQUE FOR THE PREPARATION OF STREPTOCOCCAL CELL WALLS. J Bacteriol. 1964 Oct;88:1198–1200. doi: 10.1128/jb.88.4.1198-1200.1964. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- CURTIS S. N., KRAUSE R. M. ANTIGENIC RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN GROUPS B AND G STREPTOCOCCI. J Exp Med. 1964 Oct 1;120:629–637. doi: 10.1084/jem.120.4.629. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ELLIOTT S. D. Type and group polysaccharides of group D streptococci. J Exp Med. 1960 May 1;111:621–630. doi: 10.1084/jem.111.5.621. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KRAUSE R. M., MCCARTY M. Studies on the chemical structure of the streptococcal cell wall. I. The identification of a mucopeptide in the cell walls of groups A and A-variant streptococci. J Exp Med. 1961 Jul 1;114:127–140. doi: 10.1084/jem.114.1.127. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MCCARTY M. The lysis of group A hemolytic streptococci by extracellular enzymes of Streptomyces albus. I. Production and fractionation of the lytic enzymes. J Exp Med. 1952 Dec;96(6):555–568. doi: 10.1084/jem.96.6.555. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MCCARTY M. The lysis of group A hemolytic streptococci by extracellular enzymes of Streptomyces albus. II. Nature of the cellular substrate attacked by the lytic enzymes. J Exp Med. 1952 Dec;96(6):569–580. doi: 10.1084/jem.96.6.569. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McCARTY M., LANCEFIELD R. C. Variation in the group-specific carbohydrate of group A streptococci. I. Immunochemical studies on the carbohydrates of variant strains. J Exp Med. 1955 Jul 1;102(1):11–28. doi: 10.1084/jem.102.1.11. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SHARPE M. E. SEROLOGICAL TYPES OF STREPTOCOCCUS FAECALIS AND ITS VARIETIES AND THEIR CELL WALL TYPE ANTIGEN. J Gen Microbiol. 1964 Jul;36:151–160. doi: 10.1099/00221287-36-1-151. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SHOCKMAN G. D., SLADE H. D. THE CELLULAR LOCATION OF THE STREPTOCOCCAL GROUP D ANTIGEN. J Gen Microbiol. 1964 Dec;37:297–305. doi: 10.1099/00221287-37-3-297. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WICKEN A. J., ELLIOTT S. D., BADDILEY J. The identity of streptococcal group D antigen with teichoic acid. J Gen Microbiol. 1963 May;31:231–239. doi: 10.1099/00221287-31-2-231. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]