Skip to main content
PMC home page
The Journal of Experimental Medicine logoLink to The Journal of Experimental Medicine
. 1966 May 1;123(5):859–879. doi: 10.1084/jem.123.5.859

THE BEHAVIOR OF HAPTEN-POLY-L-LYSINE CONJUGATES AS COMPLETE ANTIGENS IN GENETIC RESPONDER AND AS HAPTENS IN NONRESPONDER GUINEA PIGS

Ira Green 1, William E Paul 1, Baruj Benacerraf 1
PMCID: PMC2138162  PMID: 5938816

Abstract

30 to 40% of Hartley strain guinea pigs have previously been demonstrated to possess a dominant autosomal gene which enables them to recognize the antigenicity of hapten-poly-L-lysine conjugates as expressed by the development of both antihapten antibodies and delayed hypersensitivity to the immunizing antigen. In the present study, it was shown that PLL alone was weakly antigenic in such genetic responder animals. Immunization with DNP-PLL electrostatically combined with foreign albumins elicits the production of anti-DNP antibodies in all Hartley strain guinea pigs, although the percentage of animals demonstrating a delayed response to DNP-PLL and therefore considered genetic responders remains 30 to 40%. Immunization with nonantigenic polyanions combined with DNP-PLL does not produce such an effect. Some degree of PLL specificity of purified anti-DNP antibodies produced by genetic nonresponder animals by immunization with DNP-PLL combined with foreign albumins was demonstrated by means of fluorescence quenching.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (1.3 MB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Arquilla E. R., Finn J. Genetic control of combining sites of insulin antibodies produced by guinea pigs. J Exp Med. 1965 Oct 1;122(4):771–784. doi: 10.1084/jem.122.4.771. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BENACERRAF B., KABAT E. A. A quantitative study of passive anaphylaxis in the guinea pig; the latent period in passive anaphylaxis in its relation to the dose of rabbit antiovalbumin. J Immunol. 1949 Aug;62(4):517–522. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. BENACERRAF B., LEVINE B. B. Immunological specificity of delayed and immediate hypersensitivity reactions. J Exp Med. 1962 May 1;115:1023–1036. doi: 10.1084/jem.115.5.1023. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. BENACERRAF B., OVARY Z., BLOCH K. J., FRANKLIN E. C. Properties of guinea pig 7S antibodies. I. Electrophoretic separation of two types of guinea pig 7S antibodies. J Exp Med. 1963 Jun 1;117:937–949. doi: 10.1084/jem.117.6.937. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. BOREK F., SILVERSTEIN A. M. SPECIFICITY OF GUINEA-PIG ANTIBODIES AND DELAYED HYPERSENSITIVITY. Nature. 1965 Jan 16;205:299–300. doi: 10.1038/205299a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. BUCHANAN-DAVIDSON D. J., STAHMANN M. A., LAPRESLE C., GRABAR P. Immunochemistry of synthetic polypeptides and polypeptidyl proteins. III. Antigencity of the synthetic polypeptides. J Immunol. 1959 Nov;83:552–560. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. EISEN H. N., CARSTEN M. E., BELMAN S. Studies of hypersensitivity to low molecular weight substances. III. The 2,4-dinitrophenyl group as a determinant in the preciptin reaction. J Immunol. 1954 Nov;73(5):296–308. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. EISEN H. N. EQUILIBRIUM DIALYSIS FOR MEASUREMENT OF ANTIBODY-HAPTEN AFFINITIES. Methods Med Res. 1964;10:106–114. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. FARAH F. S., KERN M., EISEN H. N. The preparation and some properties of purified antibody specific for the 2,4-dinitrophenyl group. J Exp Med. 1960 Dec 1;112:1195–1210. doi: 10.1084/jem.112.6.1195. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. KANTOR F. S., OJEDA A., BENCARERRAF B. Studies on artifical antigens. I. Antigenicity of DNP-polylysine and DNP copolymer of lysine and glutamic acid in guinea pigs. J Exp Med. 1963 Jan 1;117:55–69. doi: 10.1084/jem.117.1.55. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. KATCHALSKI E., SELA M. Synthesis and chemical properties of poly-alpha-amino acids. Adv Protein Chem. 1958;13:243–492. doi: 10.1016/s0065-3233(08)60600-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. KUNKEL H. G. Zone electrophoresis. Methods Biochem Anal. 1954;1:141–170. doi: 10.1002/9780470110171.ch6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. LEVINE B. B. ANTIGENICITY OF HEPTEN CONJUGATES OF POLY-D-LYSINE AND OF POLY-L-LYSINE IN STRAIN 2 GUINEA PIGS. Nature. 1964 Jun 6;202:1008–1009. doi: 10.1038/2021008a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. LEVINE B. B., BENACERRAF B. GENETIC CONTROL IN GUINEA PIGS OF IMMUNE RESPONSE TO CONJUGATES OF HAPTENS AND POLY-L-LYSINE. Science. 1965 Jan 29;147(3657):517–518. doi: 10.1126/science.147.3657.517. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. LEVINE B. B., BENACERRAF B. STUDIES ON ANTIGENICITY. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IN VIVO AND IN VITRO ENZYMATIC DEGRADABILITY OF HAPTEN-POLYLYSINE CONJUGATES AND THEIR ANTIGENICITIES IN GUINEA PIGS. J Exp Med. 1964 Nov 1;120:955–965. doi: 10.1084/jem.120.5.955. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. LEVINE B. B., OJEDA A., BENACERRAF B. BASIS FOR THE ANTIGENICITY OF HAPTEN-POLY-L-LYSINE CONJUGATES IN RANDOM-BRED GUINEA PIGS. Nature. 1963 Nov 9;200:544–546. doi: 10.1038/200544a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. LEVINE B. B., OJEDA A., BENACERRAF B. STUDIES ON ARTIFICIAL ANTIGENS. III. THE GENETIC CONTROL OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO HAPTEN-POLY-L-LYSINE CONJUGATES IN GUINEA PIGS. J Exp Med. 1963 Dec 1;118:953–957. doi: 10.1084/jem.118.6.953. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. LEVINE B. B. Studies on the dimensions of the rabbit antibenzylpenicilloyl antibody-combing sites. J Exp Med. 1963 Jan 1;117:161–183. doi: 10.1084/jem.117.1.161. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Landsteiner K., Simms S. PRODUCTION OF HETEROGENETIC ANTIBODIES WITH MIXTURES OF THE BINDING PART OF THE ANTIGEN AND PROTEIN. J Exp Med. 1923 Jul 31;38(2):127–138. doi: 10.1084/jem.38.2.127. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. McCluskey R. T., Miller F., Benacerraf B. SENSITIZATION TO DENATURED AUTOLOGOUS GAMMA GLOBULIN. J Exp Med. 1962 Jan 1;115(1):253–273. doi: 10.1084/jem.115.1.253. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. McDevitt H. O., Sela M. Genetic control of the antibody response. I. Demonstration of determinant-specific differences in response to synthetic polypeptide antigens in two strains of inbred mice. J Exp Med. 1965 Sep 1;122(3):517–531. doi: 10.1084/jem.122.3.517. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. OVARY Z., BENACERRAF B., BLOCH K. J. Properties of guinea pig 7S antibodies. II. Identification of antibodies involved in passive cutaneous and systemic anaphylaxis. J Exp Med. 1963 Jun 1;117:951–964. doi: 10.1084/jem.117.6.951. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. OVARY Z., BENACERRAF B. IMMUNOLOGICAL SPECIFICITY OF THE SECONDARY RESPONSE WITH DINITROPHENYLATED PROTEINS. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1963 Oct;114:72–76. doi: 10.3181/00379727-114-28589. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. PARKER C. W., THIEL J. A., MITCHELL S. THE IMMUNOGENICITY OF HAPTEN-POLYLYSINE CONJUGATES. A COMPARISON OF D AND L POLYMERS. J Immunol. 1965 Feb;94:289–294. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. PLESCIA O. J., BRAUN W., PALCZUK N. C. PRODUCTION OF ANTIBODIES TO DENATURED DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1964 Aug;52:279–285. doi: 10.1073/pnas.52.2.279. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Pinchuck P., Maurer P. H. Antigenicity of polypeptides (poly alpha amino acids). XVI. Genetic control of immunogenicity of synthetic polypeptides in mice. J Exp Med. 1965 Oct 1;122(4):673–679. doi: 10.1084/jem.122.4.673. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Schlossman S. F., Yaron A., Ben-Efraim S., Sober H. A. Immunogenicity of a series of alpha,N-DNP-L-lysines. Biochemistry. 1965 Aug;4(8):1638–1645. doi: 10.1021/bi00884a028. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Siskind G. W., Paul W. E., Benacerraf B. Studies on the effect of the carrier molecule on antihapten antibody synthesis. I. Effect of carrier on the nature of the antibody synthesized. J Exp Med. 1966 Apr 1;123(4):673–688. doi: 10.1084/jem.123.4.673. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Velick S. F., Parker C. W., Eisen H. N. EXCITATION ENERGY TRANSFER AND THE QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF THE ANTIBODY HAPTEN REACTION. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1960 Nov;46(11):1470–1482. doi: 10.1073/pnas.46.11.1470. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Weil A. J. THE WASSERMANN ANTIGEN AND RELATED "ALCOHOL-SOLUBLE" ANTIGENS. Bacteriol Rev. 1941 Dec;5(4):293–330. doi: 10.1128/br.5.4.293-330.1941. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Experimental Medicine are provided here courtesy of The Rockefeller University Press

RESOURCES