Abstract
Histological and immunofluorescence techniques showed that mononuclear cells invaded virus-infected foci in the livers of passively immunized mice within 10 hr of the receipt of immune spleen cells or hyperimmune serum; by 24 hr, marked destruction of virus antigens had occurred in these lesions. Immune cell transfer promoted denser packing of mononuclear cells in the foci and more efficient destruction of infectious material than immune serum. Similar liver lesions developed by the 6th day after sublethal, primary, subcutaneous infection in normal mice. In contrast, in mice with GVHR which were immunosuppressed but possessed hyperactive macrophages and unimpaired splenic interferon response, mononuclear cells did not invade liver lesions and the animals died. These results, together with data reported previously, indicated that mononuclear cell invasion of infected liver foci, triggered by CMI, was of key importance in recovery from primary mousepox. The roles of specifically sensitized lymphocytes and macrophages within lesions were not directly evaluated, but indirect evidence suggested that lymphocytes could cause no more than a halt in virus multiplication, and that macrophages were required for the inactivation of preformed virions. Possible augmentation of the efficiency of macrophages by locally-produced lymphocyte interferon, neutralizing antibody, or stimulation of their phagocytic and intracellular digestive capacity cannot be excluded.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (996.0 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Blanden R. V. Increased antibacterial resistance and immunodepression during graft-versus-host reactions in mice. Transplantation. 1969 Jun;7(6):484–497. doi: 10.1097/00007890-196906000-00005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Blanden R. V. Mechanisms of recovery from a generalized viral infection: mousepox. I. The effects of anti-thymocyte serum. J Exp Med. 1970 Nov;132(5):1035–1054. doi: 10.1084/jem.132.5.1035. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Blanden R. V. Mechanisms of recovery from a generalized viral infection: mousepox. II. Passive transfer of recovery mechanisms with immune lymphoid cells. J Exp Med. 1971 May 1;133(5):1074–1089. doi: 10.1084/jem.133.5.1074. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- FENNER F. Mouse-pox; infectious ectromelia of mice; a review. J Immunol. 1949 Dec;63(4):341–373. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Glasgow L. A. Cellular immunity in host resistance to viral infections. Arch Intern Med. 1970 Jul;126(1):125–134. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Granger G. A., Shacks S. J., Williams T. W., Kolb W. P. Lymphocyte in vitro cytotoxicity: specific release of lymphotoxin-like materials from tuberculin-sensitive lymphoid cells. Nature. 1969 Mar 22;221(5186):1155–1157. doi: 10.1038/2211155a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Green J. A., Cooperband S. R., Kibrick S. Immune specific induction of interferon production in cultures of human blood lymphocytes. Science. 1969 Jun 20;164(3886):1415–1417. doi: 10.1126/science.164.3886.1415. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hirsch M. S., Zisman B., Allison A. C. Macrophages and age-dependent resistance to Herpes simplex virus in mice. J Immunol. 1970 May;104(5):1160–1165. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MIMS C. A. The response of mice to large intravenous injections of ectromelia virus. I. The fate of injected virus. Br J Exp Pathol. 1959 Dec;40:533–542. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MIMS C. A. The response of mice to large intravenous injections of ectromelia virus. II. The growth of virus in the liver. Br J Exp Pathol. 1959 Dec;40:543–550. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mackaness G. B., Blanden R. V. Cellular immunity. Prog Allergy. 1967;11:89–140. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- North R. J. The relative importance of blood monocytes and fixed macrophages to the expression of cell-mediated immunity to infection. J Exp Med. 1970 Sep 1;132(3):521–534. doi: 10.1084/jem.132.3.521. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Perlmann P., Holm G. Cytotoxic effects of lymphoid cells in vitro. Adv Immunol. 1969;11:117–193. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60479-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ROBERTS J. A. GROWTH OF VIRULENT AND ATTENUATED ECTROMELIA VIRUS IN CULTURED MACROPHAGES FROM NORMAL AND ECTROMELIAIMMUNE MICE. J Immunol. 1964 Jun;92:837–842. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ueda Y., Ito M., Tagaya I. A specific surface antigen induced by poxvirus. Virology. 1969 May;38(1):180–182. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(69)90141-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ward P. A., Remold H. G., David J. R. Leukotactic factor produced by sensitized lymphocytes. Science. 1969 Mar 7;163(3871):1079–1081. doi: 10.1126/science.163.3871.1079. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]