Abstract
A purification procedure for the Group C phage-associated lysin is described utilizing tetrathionate to protect the enzyme's -SH group(s) from thiol-inactivating agents. A 652-fold purification has been accomplished yielding a solution in which the enzyme activity corresponds to essentially a single band on polyacrylamide gel which accounts for 70% of the total protein in the preparation. A molecular weight of 101,000 and frictional ratio of 1.526 was determined for the lysin utilizing experimentally determined values for its Stokes radius and sedimentation coefficient.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (715.0 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- ACKERS G. K. MOLECULAR EXCLUSION AND RESTRICTED DIFFUSION PROCESSES IN MOLECULAR-SIEVE CHROMATOGRAPHY. Biochemistry. 1964 May;3:723–730. doi: 10.1021/bi00893a021. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Andrews P. Estimation of the molecular weights of proteins by Sephadex gel-filtration. Biochem J. 1964 May;91(2):222–233. doi: 10.1042/bj0910222. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- BARKULIS S. S., SMITH C., BOLTRALIK J. J., HEYMANN H. STRUCTURE OF STREPTOCOCCAL CELL WALLS. IV. PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF STREPTOCOCCAL PHAGE MURALYSIN. J Biol Chem. 1964 Dec;239:4027–4033. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- DAVIS B. J. DISC ELECTROPHORESIS. II. METHOD AND APPLICATION TO HUMAN SERUM PROTEINS. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1964 Dec 28;121:404–427. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1964.tb14213.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- DOUGHTY C. C., HAYASHI J. A. Enzymatic properties of a phage-induced lysin affecting group A streptococci. J Bacteriol. 1962 May;83:1058–1068. doi: 10.1128/jb.83.5.1058-1068.1962. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Doughty C. C., Mann J. A. Purification and properties of a bacteriophage-induced cell wall peptidase from Staphylococcus aureus. J Bacteriol. 1967 Mar;93(3):1089–1095. doi: 10.1128/jb.93.3.1089-1095.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Englund P. T., King T. P., Craig L. C., Walti A. Studies on ficin. I. Its isolation and characterization. Biochemistry. 1968 Jan;7(1):163–175. doi: 10.1021/bi00841a021. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- FOX E. N. INTRACELLULAR M PROTEIN OF GROUP A STREPTOCOCCUS. J Bacteriol. 1963 Mar;85:536–540. doi: 10.1128/jb.85.3.536-540.1963. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- FOX E. N., WITTNER M. K. OBSERVATIONS ON THE GROUP C STREPTOCOCCAL BACTERIOPHAGE AND LYTIC ENZYME SYSTEM. J Bacteriol. 1965 Feb;89:496–502. doi: 10.1128/jb.89.2.496-502.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- FREIMER E. H., KRAUSE R. M., McCARTY M. Studies of L forms and protoplasts of group A streptococci. I. Isolation, growth, and bacteriologic characteristics. J Exp Med. 1959 Dec 1;110:853–874. doi: 10.1084/jem.110.6.853. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- FREIMER E. H. Studies on L forms and protoplasts of group A streptococci. II. Chemical and immunological properties of the cell membrane. J Exp Med. 1963 Mar 1;117:377–399. doi: 10.1084/jem.117.3.377. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Glazer A. N. Specific chemical modification of proteins. Annu Rev Biochem. 1970;39:101–130. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.39.070170.000533. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Humphries J. C. Enzymic Activity of Bacteriophage-Culture Lysates: I. A Capsule Lysin Active against Klebsiella pneumoniae Type A. J Bacteriol. 1948 Nov;56(5):683–693. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KANTOR F. S., COLE R. M. Preparation and antigenicity of M protein released from group A, type 1 streptococcal cell walls by phage-associated lysin. J Exp Med. 1960 Jul 1;112:77–96. doi: 10.1084/jem.112.1.77. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KRAUSE R. M., MCCARTY M. Studies on the chemical structure of the streptococcal cell wall. I. The identification of a mucopeptide in the cell walls of groups A and A-variant streptococci. J Exp Med. 1961 Jul 1;114:127–140. doi: 10.1084/jem.114.1.127. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KRAUSE R. M. Studies on bacteriophages of hemolytic streptococci. I. Factors influencing the interaction of phage and susceptible host cell. J Exp Med. 1957 Sep 1;106(3):365–384. doi: 10.1084/jem.106.3.365. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KRAUSE R. M. Studies on the bacteriophages of hemolytic streptococci. II. Antigens released from the streptococcal cell wall by a phage-associated lysin. J Exp Med. 1958 Dec 1;108(6):803–821. doi: 10.1084/jem.108.6.803. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Liu T. Y. Demonstration of the presence of a histidine residue at the active site of streptococcal proteinase. J Biol Chem. 1967 Sep 25;242(18):4029–4032. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MAASS D., WEIDEL W. FINAL PROOF FOR THE IDENTITY OF ENZYMIC SPECIFICITIES OF EGG-WHITE LYSOZYME AND PHAGE T2 ENZYME. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1963 Oct 29;78:369–370. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(63)91648-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MARKOVITZ A., DORFMAN A. Synthesis of capsular polysaccharide (hyaluronic acid) by protoplastmembrane preparations of group A Streptococcus. J Biol Chem. 1962 Feb;237:273–279. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MARTIN R. G., AMES B. N. A method for determining the sedimentation behavior of enzymes: application to protein mixtures. J Biol Chem. 1961 May;236:1372–1379. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MAXTED W. R. The active agent in nascent phage lysis of streptococci. J Gen Microbiol. 1957 Jun;16(3):584–595. doi: 10.1099/00221287-16-3-584. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MURPHY J. S. A phage-associated enzyme of Bacillus megaterium which destroys the bacterial cell wall. Virology. 1957 Dec;4(3):563–581. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(57)90086-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- PIHL A., LANGE R. The interaction of oxidized glutathione, cystamine monosulfoxide, and tetrathionate with the-SH groups of rabbit muscle D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. J Biol Chem. 1962 Apr;237:1356–1362. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- RALSTON D. J., LIEBERMAN M., BAER B., KRUEGER A. P. Staphylococcal virolysin, a phage-induced lysin; its differentiation from the autolysis of normal cells. J Gen Physiol. 1957 May 20;40(5):791–807. doi: 10.1085/jgp.40.5.791. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- REITER B., ORAM J. D. GROUP N STREPTOCOCCAL PHAGE LYSIN. J Gen Microbiol. 1963 Jul;32:29–32. doi: 10.1099/00221287-32-1-29. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Siegel L. M., Monty K. J. Determination of molecular weights and frictional ratios of proteins in impure systems by use of gel filtration and density gradient centrifugation. Application to crude preparations of sulfite and hydroxylamine reductases. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1966 Feb 7;112(2):346–362. doi: 10.1016/0926-6585(66)90333-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Welker N. E. Purification and properties of a thermophilic bacteriophage lytic enzyme. J Virol. 1967 Jun;1(3):617–625. doi: 10.1128/jvi.1.3.617-625.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- ZELEZNICK L. D., BOLTRALIK J. J., BARKULIS S. S., SMITH C., HEYMANN H. Biosynthesis of streptococcal cell walls: A rhamnose polysaccharide. Science. 1963 Apr 26;140(3565):400–401. doi: 10.1126/science.140.3565.400. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zabriskie J. B., Freimer E. H. An immunological relationship between the group. A streptococcus and mammalian muscle. J Exp Med. 1966 Oct 1;124(4):661–678. doi: 10.1084/jem.124.4.661. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
