Skip to main content
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1987 Dec;169(12):5385–5392. doi: 10.1128/jb.169.12.5385-5392.1987

Increased expression in Escherichia coli of a synthetic gene encoding human somatomedin C after gene duplication and fusion.

M F Schulz 1, G Buell 1, E Schmid 1, R Movva 1, G Selzer 1
PMCID: PMC213962  PMID: 3316181

Abstract

A synthetic gene coding for human somatomedin C (SMC) was inserted into an Escherichia coli plasmid vector that contains the bacteriophage lambda pL promoter. Intracellular accumulation of the gene product after induction of the promoter was found to be low. A 200-fold greater yield was obtained with a similar plasmid containing two translationally fused copies of the SMC gene. A series of such tandem genes truncated at their 3' ends were generated with nuclease Bal 31. These gave intermediate expression levels that correlated with the expected sizes of their gene products. Comparison of RNAs extracted from cells containing either the monomer or tandem SMC gene constructions showed that there was no significant difference in expression at the transcriptional level. Pulse-chase experiments demonstrated that the tandem SMC protein was far more stable than the monomer SMC product.

Full text

PDF
5385

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Blundell T. L., Humbel R. E. Hormone families: pancreatic hormones and homologous growth factors. Nature. 1980 Oct 30;287(5785):781–787. doi: 10.1038/287781a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Buell G., Schulz M. F., Selzer G., Chollet A., Movva N. R., Semon D., Escanez S., Kawashima E. Optimizing the expression in E. coli of a synthetic gene encoding somatomedin-C (IGF-I). Nucleic Acids Res. 1985 Mar 25;13(6):1923–1938. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.6.1923. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Casadaban M. J., Cohen S. N. Analysis of gene control signals by DNA fusion and cloning in Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1980 Apr;138(2):179–207. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(80)90283-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cheng Y. S., Kwoh D. Y., Kwoh T. J., Soltvedt B. C., Zipser D. Stabilization of a degradable protein by its overexpression in Escherichia coli. Gene. 1981 Jun-Jul;14(1-2):121–130. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(81)90154-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chung C. H., Goldberg A. L. The product of the lon (capR) gene in Escherichia coli is the ATP-dependent protease, protease La. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Aug;78(8):4931–4935. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.8.4931. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chung C. H., Goldberg A. L. The product of the lon (capR) gene in Escherichia coli is the ATP-dependent protease, protease La. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Aug;78(8):4931–4935. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.8.4931. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Goldberg A. L., Swamy K. H., Chung C. H., Larimore F. S. Proteases in Escherichia coli. Methods Enzymol. 1981;80(Pt 100):680–702. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(81)80052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gray G., Selzer G., Buell G., Shaw P., Escanez S., Hofer S., Voegeli P., Thompson C. J. Synthesis of bovine growth hormone by Streptomyces lividans. Gene. 1984 Dec;32(1-2):21–30. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(84)90028-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Green M. R., Maniatis T., Melton D. A. Human beta-globin pre-mRNA synthesized in vitro is accurately spliced in Xenopus oocyte nuclei. Cell. 1983 Mar;32(3):681–694. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90054-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Itakura K., Hirose T., Crea R., Riggs A. D., Heyneker H. L., Bolivar F., Boyer H. W. Expression in Escherichia coli of a chemically synthesized gene for the hormone somatostatin. Science. 1977 Dec 9;198(4321):1056–1063. doi: 10.1126/science.412251. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. McMaster G. K., Carmichael G. G. Analysis of single- and double-stranded nucleic acids on polyacrylamide and agarose gels by using glyoxal and acridine orange. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Nov;74(11):4835–4838. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.11.4835. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Remaut E., Stanssens P., Fiers W. Plasmid vectors for high-efficiency expression controlled by the PL promoter of coliphage lambda. Gene. 1981 Oct;15(1):81–93. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(81)90106-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Remaut E., Tsao H., Fiers W. Improved plasmid vectors with a thermoinducible expression and temperature-regulated runaway replication. Gene. 1983 Apr;22(1):103–113. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(83)90069-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Schwander J. C., Hauri C., Zapf J., Froesch E. R. Synthesis and secretion of insulin-like growth factor and its binding protein by the perfused rat liver: dependence on growth hormone status. Endocrinology. 1983 Jul;113(1):297–305. doi: 10.1210/endo-113-1-297. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Shen S. H. Multiple joined genes prevent product degradation in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Aug;81(15):4627–4631. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.15.4627. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Thomas P. S. Hybridization of denatured RNA and small DNA fragments transferred to nitrocellulose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Sep;77(9):5201–5205. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.9.5201. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Towbin H., Staehelin T., Gordon J. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350–4354. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4350. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Williams D. C., Van Frank R. M., Muth W. L., Burnett J. P. Cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in Escherichia coli producing biosynthetic human insulin proteins. Science. 1982 Feb 5;215(4533):687–689. doi: 10.1126/science.7036343. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Zapf J., Froesch E. R., Humbel R. E. The insulin-like growth factors (IGF) of human serum: chemical and biological characterization and aspects of their possible physiological role. Curr Top Cell Regul. 1981;19:257–309. doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-152819-5.50024-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES