Abstract
The secretion of protein directly into the extracellular medium by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, a gram-positive bacterium, was shown to be dependent on proton motive force. When the electrochemical membrane potential gradient of protons was dissipated either by uncouplers or by valinomycin in combination with K+, a precursor form of alpha-amylase accumulated on the cellular membrane. The proton motive force could be dissipated without altering the intracellular level of ATP, indicating that the observed inhibition of export was not the result of decreased ATP concentration.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Bakker E. P., Randall L. L. The requirement for energy during export of beta-lactamase in Escherichia coli is fulfilled by the total protonmotive force. EMBO J. 1984 Apr;3(4):895–900. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb01902.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cleveland D. W., Fischer S. G., Kirschner M. W., Laemmli U. K. Peptide mapping by limited proteolysis in sodium dodecyl sulfate and analysis by gel electrophoresis. J Biol Chem. 1977 Feb 10;252(3):1102–1106. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Daum G., Gasser S. M., Schatz G. Import of proteins into mitochondria. Energy-dependent, two-step processing of the intermembrane space enzyme cytochrome b2 by isolated yeast mitochondria. J Biol Chem. 1982 Nov 10;257(21):13075–13080. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gasser S. M., Ohashi A., Daum G., Böhni P. C., Gibson J., Reid G. A., Yonetani T., Schatz G. Imported mitochondrial proteins cytochrome b2 and cytochrome c1 are processed in two steps. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jan;79(2):267–271. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.2.267. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Harold F. M., Van Brunt J. Circulation of H+ and K+ across the plasma membrane is not obligatory for bacterial growth. Science. 1977 Jul 22;197(4301):372–373. doi: 10.1126/science.69317. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Heytler P. G. Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation. Methods Enzymol. 1979;55:462–442. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(79)55060-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kimmich G. A., Randles J., Brand J. S. Assay of picomole amounts of ATP, ADP, and AMP using the luciferase enzyme system. Anal Biochem. 1975 Nov;69(1):187–206. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(75)90580-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kinoshita N., Unemoto T., Kobayashi H. Proton motive force is not obligatory for growth of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1984 Dec;160(3):1074–1077. doi: 10.1128/jb.160.3.1074-1077.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Muraoka S., Terada H. 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzylidenemalononitrile; a new powerful uncoupler of respiratory-chain phosphorylation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Aug 17;275(2):271–275. doi: 10.1016/0005-2728(72)90047-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Randall L. L., Hardy S. J. Synthesis of exported proteins by membrane-bound polysomes from Escherichia coli. Eur J Biochem. 1977 May 2;75(1):43–53. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11502.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schatz G., Butow R. A. How are proteins imported into mitochondria? Cell. 1983 Feb;32(2):316–318. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90450-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smit J., Nikaido H. Outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. XVIII. Electron microscopic studies on porin insertion sites and growth of cell surface of Salmonella typhimurium. J Bacteriol. 1978 Aug;135(2):687–702. doi: 10.1128/jb.135.2.687-702.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Takkinen K., Pettersson R. F., Kalkkinen N., Palva I., Söderlund H., Käriäinen L. Amino acid sequence of alpha-amylase from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens deduced from the nucleotide sequence of the cloned gene. J Biol Chem. 1983 Jan 25;258(2):1007–1013. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tweten R. K., Iandolo J. J. Transport and processing of staphylococcal enterotoxin B. J Bacteriol. 1983 Jan;153(1):297–303. doi: 10.1128/jb.153.1.297-303.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]