Skip to main content
Protein Science : A Publication of the Protein Society logoLink to Protein Science : A Publication of the Protein Society
. 1995 May;4(5):855–862. doi: 10.1002/pro.5560040505

Backbone dynamics of the oligomerization domain of p53 determined from 15N NMR relaxation measurements.

R T Clubb 1, J G Omichinski 1, K Sakaguchi 1, E Appella 1, A M Gronenborn 1, G M Clore 1
PMCID: PMC2143111  PMID: 7663341

Abstract

The backbone dynamics of the tetrameric p53 oligomerization domain (residues 319-360) have been investigated by two-dimensional inverse detected heteronuclear 1H-15N NMR spectroscopy at 500 and 600 MHz. 15N T1, T2, and heteronuclear NOEs were measured for 39 of 40 non-proline backbone NH vectors at both field strengths. The overall correlation time for the tetramer, calculated from the T1/T2 ratios, was found to be 14.8 ns at 35 degrees C. The correlation times and amplitudes of the internal motions were extracted from the relaxation data using the model-free formalism (Lipari G, Szabo A, 1982, J Am Chem Soc 104:4546-4559). The internal dynamics of the structural core of the p53 oligomerization domain are uniform and fairly rigid, with residues 327-354 exhibiting an average generalized order parameter (S2) of 0.88 +/- 0.08. The N- and C-termini exhibit substantial mobility and are unstructured in the solution structure of p53. Residues located at the N- and C-termini, in the beta-sheet, in the turn between the alpha-helix and beta-sheet, and at the C-terminal end of the alpha-helix display two distinct internal motions that are faster than the overall correlation time. Fast internal motions (< or = 20 ps) are within the extreme narrowing limit and are of uniform amplitude. The slower motions (0.6-2.2 ns) are outside the extreme narrowing limit and vary in amplitude.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (2.4 MB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Barbato G., Ikura M., Kay L. E., Pastor R. W., Bax A. Backbone dynamics of calmodulin studied by 15N relaxation using inverse detected two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy: the central helix is flexible. Biochemistry. 1992 Jun 16;31(23):5269–5278. doi: 10.1021/bi00138a005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Barchi J. J., Jr, Grasberger B., Gronenborn A. M., Clore G. M. Investigation of the backbone dynamics of the IgG-binding domain of streptococcal protein G by heteronuclear two-dimensional 1H-15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Protein Sci. 1994 Jan;3(1):15–21. doi: 10.1002/pro.5560030103. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bargonetti J., Manfredi J. J., Chen X., Marshak D. R., Prives C. A proteolytic fragment from the central region of p53 has marked sequence-specific DNA-binding activity when generated from wild-type but not from oncogenic mutant p53 protein. Genes Dev. 1993 Dec;7(12B):2565–2574. doi: 10.1101/gad.7.12b.2565. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Caelles C., Helmberg A., Karin M. p53-dependent apoptosis in the absence of transcriptional activation of p53-target genes. Nature. 1994 Jul 21;370(6486):220–223. doi: 10.1038/370220a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Chandrasekhar I., Clore G. M., Szabo A., Gronenborn A. M., Brooks B. R. A 500 ps molecular dynamics simulation study of interleukin-1 beta in water. Correlation with nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and crystallography. J Mol Biol. 1992 Jul 5;226(1):239–250. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(92)90136-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cho Y., Gorina S., Jeffrey P. D., Pavletich N. P. Crystal structure of a p53 tumor suppressor-DNA complex: understanding tumorigenic mutations. Science. 1994 Jul 15;265(5170):346–355. doi: 10.1126/science.8023157. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Clore G. M., Driscoll P. C., Wingfield P. T., Gronenborn A. M. Analysis of the backbone dynamics of interleukin-1 beta using two-dimensional inverse detected heteronuclear 15N-1H NMR spectroscopy. Biochemistry. 1990 Aug 14;29(32):7387–7401. doi: 10.1021/bi00484a006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Clore G. M., Ernst J., Clubb R., Omichinski J. G., Kennedy W. M., Sakaguchi K., Appella E., Gronenborn A. M. Refined solution structure of the oligomerization domain of the tumour suppressor p53. Nat Struct Biol. 1995 Apr;2(4):321–333. doi: 10.1038/nsb0495-321. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Clore G. M., Omichinski J. G., Sakaguchi K., Zambrano N., Sakamoto H., Appella E., Gronenborn A. M. High-resolution structure of the oligomerization domain of p53 by multidimensional NMR. Science. 1994 Jul 15;265(5170):386–391. doi: 10.1126/science.8023159. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Donehower L. A., Bradley A. The tumor suppressor p53. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Aug 23;1155(2):181–205. doi: 10.1016/0304-419x(93)90004-v. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Dulić V., Kaufmann W. K., Wilson S. J., Tlsty T. D., Lees E., Harper J. W., Elledge S. J., Reed S. I. p53-dependent inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinase activities in human fibroblasts during radiation-induced G1 arrest. Cell. 1994 Mar 25;76(6):1013–1023. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(94)90379-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Grasberger B. L., Gronenborn A. M., Clore G. M. Analysis of the backbone dynamics of interleukin-8 by 15N relaxation measurements. J Mol Biol. 1993 Mar 20;230(2):364–372. doi: 10.1006/jmbi.1993.1152. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Harris C. C. p53: at the crossroads of molecular carcinogenesis and risk assessment. Science. 1993 Dec 24;262(5142):1980–1981. doi: 10.1126/science.8266092. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kamath U., Shriver J. W. Characterization of thermotropic state changes in myosin subfragment-1 and heavy meromyosin by UV difference spectroscopy. J Biol Chem. 1989 Apr 5;264(10):5586–5592. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kay L. E., Torchia D. A., Bax A. Backbone dynamics of proteins as studied by 15N inverse detected heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy: application to staphylococcal nuclease. Biochemistry. 1989 Nov 14;28(23):8972–8979. doi: 10.1021/bi00449a003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Keeler J., Clowes R. T., Davis A. L., Laue E. D. Pulsed-field gradients: theory and practice. Methods Enzymol. 1994;239:145–207. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(94)39006-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Lane D. P. Cancer. p53, guardian of the genome. Nature. 1992 Jul 2;358(6381):15–16. doi: 10.1038/358015a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lee W., Harvey T. S., Yin Y., Yau P., Litchfield D., Arrowsmith C. H. Solution structure of the tetrameric minimum transforming domain of p53. Nat Struct Biol. 1994 Dec;1(12):877–890. doi: 10.1038/nsb1294-877. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Levine A. J., Momand J., Finlay C. A. The p53 tumour suppressor gene. Nature. 1991 Jun 6;351(6326):453–456. doi: 10.1038/351453a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Nicholls A., Sharp K. A., Honig B. Protein folding and association: insights from the interfacial and thermodynamic properties of hydrocarbons. Proteins. 1991;11(4):281–296. doi: 10.1002/prot.340110407. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Pavletich N. P., Chambers K. A., Pabo C. O. The DNA-binding domain of p53 contains the four conserved regions and the major mutation hot spots. Genes Dev. 1993 Dec;7(12B):2556–2564. doi: 10.1101/gad.7.12b.2556. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Peng J. W., Wagner G. Investigation of protein motions via relaxation measurements. Methods Enzymol. 1994;239:563–596. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(94)39022-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Powers R., Clore G. M., Stahl S. J., Wingfield P. T., Gronenborn A. Analysis of the backbone dynamics of the ribonuclease H domain of the human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase using 15N relaxation measurements. Biochemistry. 1992 Sep 29;31(38):9150–9157. doi: 10.1021/bi00153a006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Stone M. J., Fairbrother W. J., Palmer A. G., 3rd, Reizer J., Saier M. H., Jr, Wright P. E. Backbone dynamics of the Bacillus subtilis glucose permease IIA domain determined from 15N NMR relaxation measurements. Biochemistry. 1992 May 12;31(18):4394–4406. doi: 10.1021/bi00133a003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Takahashi T., Nau M. M., Chiba I., Birrer M. J., Rosenberg R. K., Vinocour M., Levitt M., Pass H., Gazdar A. F., Minna J. D. p53: a frequent target for genetic abnormalities in lung cancer. Science. 1989 Oct 27;246(4929):491–494. doi: 10.1126/science.2554494. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Unger T., Nau M. M., Segal S., Minna J. D. p53: a transdominant regulator of transcription whose function is ablated by mutations occurring in human cancer. EMBO J. 1992 Apr;11(4):1383–1390. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1992.tb05183.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Vogelstein B., Kinzler K. W. p53 function and dysfunction. Cell. 1992 Aug 21;70(4):523–526. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90421-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Wang Y., Reed M., Wang P., Stenger J. E., Mayr G., Anderson M. E., Schwedes J. F., Tegtmeyer P. p53 domains: identification and characterization of two autonomous DNA-binding regions. Genes Dev. 1993 Dec;7(12B):2575–2586. doi: 10.1101/gad.7.12b.2575. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Xiong Y., Hannon G. J., Zhang H., Casso D., Kobayashi R., Beach D. p21 is a universal inhibitor of cyclin kinases. Nature. 1993 Dec 16;366(6456):701–704. doi: 10.1038/366701a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Zink T., Ross A., Lüers K., Cieslar C., Rudolph R., Holak T. A. Structure and dynamics of the human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor determined by NMR spectroscopy. Loop mobility in a four-helix-bundle protein. Biochemistry. 1994 Jul 19;33(28):8453–8463. doi: 10.1021/bi00194a009. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. el-Deiry W. S., Tokino T., Velculescu V. E., Levy D. B., Parsons R., Trent J. M., Lin D., Mercer W. E., Kinzler K. W., Vogelstein B. WAF1, a potential mediator of p53 tumor suppression. Cell. 1993 Nov 19;75(4):817–825. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90500-p. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Protein Science : A Publication of the Protein Society are provided here courtesy of The Protein Society

RESOURCES