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. 1999 Fall;46(4):118–123.

Cardiovascular risk: the safety of local anesthesia, vasoconstrictors, and sedation in heart disease.

R J Middlehurst 1, A Gibbs 1, G Walton 1
PMCID: PMC2149004  PMID: 11692352

Abstract

As part of a large pragmatic study, the authors investigated heart rate, blood pressure, dysrhythmic and ischemic responses to lidocaine 2% with a combination vasoconstrictor (noradrenaline 1:50,000 and vasopressin 0.25 IU/mL), and midazolam sedation in a medically compromised population. There were anesthesia-induced physiological changes to both hemodynamics and the electrocardiogram. The use of midazolam significantly ameliorated the sympathoadrenal response to stress, and the greatest hemodynamic and electrocardiographic changes were observed during surgery.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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