Abstract
Growth of Streptomyces viridochromogenes on a solid glycerol-NH4NO3 salts medium was accompanied by the formation of aerial mycelia and spores. Adding 0.5% or more casein hydrolysate to the medium stimulated growth while completely repressing the formation of aerial mycelia and spores. This repression was temporary, as evidenced by the fact that transfer of the organisms to media not containing casein hydrolysate resulted in the appearance of aerial mycelia and spores. The effects of individual amino acids were tested. Glycine retarded growth and repressed formation of both aerial mycelia and spores. L-Aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, and L-histidine stimulated or had little effect on growth and repressed formation of spores but not aerial mycelia. Repression by casein hydrolysate could not be attributed to the carbon/nitrogen ratio or the pH of the medium. Adding 1.25 to 2.5 mM adenine to the medium caused a reversal of the casein hydrolysate repression of aerial mycelium formation but did not reverse repression of sporulation. Dimethyladenine and 8-azaguanine had an effect similar to that of adenine, but a variety of other purine or pyrimidine derivatives had no effect on casein hydrolysate repression. The repression of aerial mycelium and spore formation by casein hydrolysate occurred only in media containing 15 mM or more phosphate. Aerial mycelia and spores were formed in media containing casein hydrolysate and 3 mM or less phosphate.
Full text
PDF
Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Aharonowitz Y., Demain A. L. Nitrogen nutrition and regulation of cephalosporin production in Streptomyces clavuligerus. Can J Microbiol. 1979 Jan;25(1):61–67. doi: 10.1139/m79-010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ensign J. C. Formation, properties, and germination of actinomycete spores. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1978;32:185–219. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.32.100178.001153. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hardisson C., Manzanal M. B., Salas J. A., Suárez J. E. Fine structure, physiology and biochemistry of arthrospore germination in Streptomyces antibioticus. J Gen Microbiol. 1978 Apr;105(2):203–214. doi: 10.1099/00221287-105-2-203. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hardisson C., Manzanal M. B. Ultrastructural studies of sporulation in Streptomyces. J Bacteriol. 1976 Sep;127(3):1443–1454. doi: 10.1128/jb.127.3.1443-1454.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Higgins M. L., Silvey J. K. Slide culture observations of two freshwater actinomycetes. Trans Am Microsc Soc. 1966 Jul;85(3):390–398. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hirsch C. F., Ensign J. C. Nutritionally defined conditions for germination of Streptomyces viridochromogenes spores. J Bacteriol. 1976 Apr;126(1):13–23. doi: 10.1128/jb.126.1.13-23.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hirsch C. F., Ensign J. C. Some properties of Streptomyces viridochromogenes spores. J Bacteriol. 1978 Jun;134(3):1056–1063. doi: 10.1128/jb.134.3.1056-1063.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kalakoutskii L. V., Agre N. S. Comparative aspects of development and differentiation in actinomycetes. Bacteriol Rev. 1976 Jun;40(2):469–524. doi: 10.1128/br.40.2.469-524.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Merrick M. J. A morphological and genetic mapping study of bald colony mutants of Streptomyces coelicolor. J Gen Microbiol. 1976 Oct;96(2):299–315. doi: 10.1099/00221287-96-2-299. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mikulík K., Janda I., Masková H., Stastná J., Jiránová A. Macromolecular synthesis accompanying the transition from spores to vegetative forms of Streptomyces granaticolor. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 1977;22(4):252–261. doi: 10.1007/BF02877654. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Okanishi M., Suzuki K., Umezawa H. Formation and reversion of Streptomycete protoplasts: cultural condition and morphological study. J Gen Microbiol. 1974 Feb;80(2):389–400. doi: 10.1099/00221287-80-2-389. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Redshaw P. A., McCann P. A., Sankaran L., Pogell B. M. Control of differentiation in streptomycetes: involvement of extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid and glucose repression in aerial mycelia development. J Bacteriol. 1976 Feb;125(2):698–705. doi: 10.1128/jb.125.2.698-705.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]