Abstract
Stereoisomeric alanylalanine (Ala-Ala) derivatives were examined for their effects on germination of Bacillus thiaminolyticus spores. L-Ala-L-Ala and L-Ala-glycine were effective in inducing germination, and their activities were completely inhibited by D-Ala. L-Ala-D-Ala and glycine-D-Ala competitively prevented L-Ala-induced germination. Sarcosine- or beta-Ala-containing L-alanyldipeptides and eight kinds of alanyltripeptides did not show any detectable effect on germinability or any inhibitory effect. No detectable amounts of Ala were found in germination exudates when alanylpeptides were incubated with spores. The ability of these peptides to induce or inhibit germination depends on their steric conformation and a certain distance between the primary amino group and the free carboxyl groups. Involvement of L-Ala dehydrogenase in the initiation of germination is unlikely because L-Ala-L-Ala was not a substrate and L-Ala-D-Ala was not an effective inhibitor of enzyme activity.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- JANSSEN F. W., LUND A. J., ANDERSON L. E. Colorimetric assay for dipicolinic acid in bacterial spores. Science. 1958 Jan 3;127(3288):26–27. doi: 10.1126/science.127.3288.26. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Minami J., Ichikawa T., Kondo M. Studies on the bacterial spore coat 6 effects of alkali extraction on the spore of Bacillus thiaminolyticus. Microbios. 1977;18(72):131–140. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'CONNOR R. J., HALVORSON H. The substrate specificity of L-alanine dehydrogenase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1961 Mar 18;48:47–55. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(61)90513-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- O'CONNOR R., HALVORSON H. Intermediate metabolism of aerobic spores. IV. Alanine deamination during the germination of spores of Bacillus cereus. J Bacteriol. 1959 Dec;78:844–851. doi: 10.1128/jb.78.6.844-851.1959. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Okada Y., Okinaka M., Yagyu M., Watabe K., Sano K., Kakiuchi Y. Amino acids and peptides. II Synthesis of stereoisomeric alanine containing peptide derivatives and their effects on germination of Bacillus thiaminolyticus spores. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1976 Dec;24(12):3081–3084. doi: 10.1248/cpb.24.3081. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Prasad C., Diesterhaft M., Freese E. Initiation of spore germination in glycolytic mutants of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1972 Apr;110(1):321–328. doi: 10.1128/jb.110.1.321-328.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SCHAEFFER P., IONESCO H. [Contribution to the genetic study of bacterial sporogenesis]. C R Hebd Seances Acad Sci. 1960 Dec 19;251:3125–3127. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WOESE C. R., MOROWITZ H. J., HUTCHISON C. A., 3rd Analysis of action of L-alanine analogues in spore germination. J Bacteriol. 1958 Dec;76(6):578–588. doi: 10.1128/jb.76.6.578-588.1958. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Watabe K., Ichikawa T., Kondo M. Biochemical studies on germination of bacterial spores. I. Incorporation of 14C-L-alanine into spores of Bacillus thiaminolyticus during germination. Jpn J Microbiol. 1974 Mar;18(2):173–180. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.1974.tb00806.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- YOSHIDA A., FREESE E. PURIFICATION AND CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ALANINE DEHYDROGENASE OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1964 Oct 23;92:33–43. doi: 10.1016/0926-6569(64)90266-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]