Abstract
A high-pressure liquid chromatography procedure was developed for the isolation and quantitation of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-enolpyruvate, and UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid, which are the early cytoplasmic precursors of bacterial peptidoglycan. In exponential-phase cells of Escherichia coli K-12, the intracellular concentration of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine was about 100 microM, whereas that of UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-enolpyruvate was only 2 microM. The phosphoenolpyruvate: UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine-enolpyruvate reductase activities were investigated in extracts from E. coli. These activities appeared to be present in amounts sufficient for the ongoing rate of peptidoglycan synthesis. Certain uridine nucleotide peptidoglycan precursors were found to inhibit phosphoenolpyruvate: UDP-N-acetylglucosamine transferase activity.
Full text
PDF






Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Anderson R. G., Douglas L. J., Hussey H., Baddiley J. The control of synthesis of bacterial cell walls. Interaction in the synthesis of nucleotide precursors. Biochem J. 1973 Dec;136(4):871–876. doi: 10.1042/bj1360871. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Anwar R. A., Vlaovic M. Purification of UDP-N-acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine reductase from Escherichia coli by affinity chromatography, its subunit structure and the absence of flavin as the prosthetic group. Can J Biochem. 1979 Feb;57(2):188–196. doi: 10.1139/o79-023. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bochner B. R., Ames B. N. Complete analysis of cellular nucleotides by two-dimensional thin layer chromatography. J Biol Chem. 1982 Aug 25;257(16):9759–9769. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Flouret B., Mengin-Lecreulx D., van Heijenoort J. Reverse-phase high-pressure liquid chromatography of uridine diphosphate N-acetylmuramyl peptide precursors of bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan. Anal Biochem. 1981 Jun;114(1):59–63. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(81)90451-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gunetileke K. G., Anwar R. A. Biosynthesis of uridine diphospho-N-acetyl muramic acid. J Biol Chem. 1966 Dec 10;241(23):5740–5743. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gunetileke K. G., Anwar R. A. Biosynthesis of uridine diphospho-N-acetylmuramic acid. II. Purification and properties of pyruvate-uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine transferase and characterization of uridine diphospho-N-acetylenopyruvylglucosamine. J Biol Chem. 1968 Nov 10;243(21):5770–5778. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ishiguro E. E., Ramey W. D. Involvement of the relA gene product and feedback inhibition in the regulation of DUP-N-acetylmuramyl-peptide synthesis in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1978 Sep;135(3):766–774. doi: 10.1128/jb.135.3.766-774.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Karl D. M. Cellular nucleotide measurements and applications in microbial ecology. Microbiol Rev. 1980 Dec;44(4):739–796. doi: 10.1128/mr.44.4.739-796.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- London J., Knight M. Concentrations of nicotinamide nucleotide coenzymes in micro-organisms. J Gen Microbiol. 1966 Aug;44(2):241–254. doi: 10.1099/00221287-44-2-241. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lowry O. H., Carter J., Ward J. B., Glaser L. The effect of carbon and nitrogen sources on the level of metabolic intermediates in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 1971 Nov;246(21):6511–6521. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mengin-Lecreulx D., Flouret B., van Heijenoort J. Cytoplasmic steps of peptidoglycan synthesis in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1982 Sep;151(3):1109–1117. doi: 10.1128/jb.151.3.1109-1117.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- STROMINGER J. L. Enzymic transfer of pyruvate to uridine diphosphoacetylglucosamine. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1958 Dec;30(3):645–646. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(58)90119-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- STROMINGER J. L. Mononucleotide acid anhydrides and related compounds as intermediates in metabolic reactions. Physiol Rev. 1960 Jan;40:55–111. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1960.40.1.55. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Taku A., Anwar R. A. Biosynthesis of uridine diphospho-N-acetylmuramic acid. IV. Activation of uridine diphospho-N-acetylenolpyruvylglucosamine reductase by monovalent cations. J Biol Chem. 1973 Jul 25;248(14):4971–4976. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Taku A., Gunetileke K. G., Anwar R. A. Biosynthesis of uridine diphospho-N-acetylmuramic acid. 3. Purification and properties of uridine diphospho-N-acetylenolpyruvyl-glucosamine reductase. J Biol Chem. 1970 Oct 10;245(19):5012–5016. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Venkateswaran P. S., Lugtenberg E. J., Wu H. C. Inhibition of phosphoenolpyruvate:uridine diphosphate N-acetylglucosamine enolpyruvyltransferase by uridine diphosphate N-acetylmuramyl peptides. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973 Feb 15;293(2):570–574. doi: 10.1016/0005-2744(73)90367-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wickus G. G., Rubenstein P. A., Warth A. D., Strominger J. L. Partial purification and some properties of the uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine-enolpyruvate reductase from Staphylococcus epidermidis. J Bacteriol. 1973 Jan;113(1):291–294. doi: 10.1128/jb.113.1.291-294.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wickus G. G., Strominger J. L. Partial purification and properties of the pyruvate-uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine transferase from Staphylococcus epidermidis. J Bacteriol. 1973 Jan;113(1):287–290. doi: 10.1128/jb.113.1.287-290.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zemell R. I., Anwar R. A. Pyruvate-uridine diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine transferase. Purification to homogeneity and feedback inhibition. J Biol Chem. 1975 Apr 25;250(8):3185–3192. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
