Abstract
The final products of the catabolism of arginine that can be utilized as nitrogen sources by Neurospora crassa are ammonium, glutamic acid, and glutamine. Of these compounds, only glutamine represses arginase and glutamine synthetase. We report here the isolation and characterization of a mutant of N. crassa whose arginase, glutamine synthetase, and amino acid accumulations are resistant to glutamine repression (glnI). This mutant has a greater capacity than the wild type (glns) to accumulate most of the arginine and some of the glutamine in osmotically sensitive compartments while growing exponentially. Nonetheless, the major part of the glutamine remains soluble and metabolically available for repression. We propose that the lower repression of glutamine synthetase by glutamine in this mutant could be a necessary condition for sustaining the higher flow of nitrogen for the accumulation of amino acids observed in ammonium excess and that, if glutamine is the nitrogen signal that regulates the arginine accumulation of the vesicle, the glnr mutant has also escaped this control. Finally, in the glnr mutant, some glutamine resynthesis is necessary for arginine biosynthesis and accumulation.
Full text
PDF






Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Carsiotis M., Jones R. F. Cross-pathway regulation: tryptophan-mediated control of histidine and arginine biosynthetic enzymes in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1974 Sep;119(3):889–892. doi: 10.1128/jb.119.3.889-892.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Carsiotis M., Jones R. F., Wesseling A. C. Cross-pathway regulation: histidine-mediated control of histidine, tryptophan, and arginine biosynthetic enzymes in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1974 Sep;119(3):893–898. doi: 10.1128/jb.119.3.893-898.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Castañeda M., Martuscelli J., Mora J. The catabolism of L-arginine by Neurospora crassa. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1967 Jul 25;141(2):276–286. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(67)90102-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Davis R. H., Lawless M. B., Port L. A. Arginaseless Neurospora: genetics, physiology, and polyamine synthesis. J Bacteriol. 1970 May;102(2):299–305. doi: 10.1128/jb.102.2.299-305.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Davis R. H., Mora J. Mutants of Neurospora crassa deficient in ornithine-delta-transmainase. J Bacteriol. 1968 Aug;96(2):383–388. doi: 10.1128/jb.96.2.383-388.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Delforge J., Messenguy F., Wiame J. M. The regulation of arginine biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The specificity of argR- mutations and the general control of amino-acid biosynthesis. Eur J Biochem. 1975 Sep 1;57(1):231–239. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1975.tb02295.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Drainas C., Weiss R. L. Energy requirement for the mobilization of vacuolar arginine in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1982 May;150(2):779–784. doi: 10.1128/jb.150.2.779-784.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dubois E., Vissers S., Grenson M., Wiame J. M. Glutamine and ammonia in nitrogen catabolite repression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1977 Mar 21;75(2):233–239. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(77)91033-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dunn-Coleman N. S., Garrett R. H. The role fo glutamine synthetase and glutamine metabolism in nitrogen metabolite repression, a regulatory phenomenon in the lower eukaryote Neurospora crassa. Mol Gen Genet. 1980;179(1):25–32. doi: 10.1007/BF00268442. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dunn-Coleman N. S., Tomsett A. B., Garrett R. H. Nitrogen metabolite repression of nitrate reductase in Neurospora crassa: effect of the gln-1a locus. J Bacteriol. 1979 Aug;139(2):697–700. doi: 10.1128/jb.139.2.697-700.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dávila G., Lara M., Guzmán J., Mora J. Relation between structure and function of Neurospora crassa glutamine synthetase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Jan 15;92(1):134–140. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(80)91530-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dávila G., Sánchez F., Palacios R., Mora J. Genetics and physiology of Neurospora crassa glutamine auxotrophs. J Bacteriol. 1978 Jun;134(3):693–698. doi: 10.1128/jb.134.3.693-698.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Espín G., Palacios R., Mora J. Glutamine metabolism in nitrogen-starved conidia of Neurospora crassa. J Gen Microbiol. 1979 Nov;115(1):59–68. doi: 10.1099/00221287-115-1-59. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Facklam T. J., Marzluf G. A. Nitrogen regulation of amino acid catabolism in Neurospora crassa. Biochem Genet. 1978 Apr;16(3-4):343–354. doi: 10.1007/BF00484090. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ferguson A. R., Sims A. P. The regulation of glutamine metabolism in Candida utilis: the role of glutamine in the control of glutamine synthetase. J Gen Microbiol. 1974 Jan;80(1):159–171. doi: 10.1099/00221287-80-1-159. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Grove G., Marzluf G. A. Identification of the product of the major regulatory gene of the nitrogen control circuit of Neurospora crassa as a nuclear DNA-binding protein. J Biol Chem. 1981 Jan 10;256(1):463–470. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- HESS J., KITO E., MARTIN R. P., VAN PILSUM J. F. Determination of creatine, creatinine, arginine, guanidinoacetic acid, guanidine, and methylguanidine in biological fluids. J Biol Chem. 1956 Sep;222(1):225–235. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hummelt G., Mora J. NADH-dependent glutamate synthase and nitrogen metabolism in Neurospora crassa. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Jan 15;92(1):127–133. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(80)91529-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hummelt G., Mora J. Regulation and function of glutamate synthase in Neurospora crassa. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1980 Oct 31;96(4):1688–1694. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(80)91368-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hynes M. J. Effects of ammonium, L-glutamate, and L-glutamine on nitrogen catabolism in Aspergillus nidulans. J Bacteriol. 1974 Dec;120(3):1116–1123. doi: 10.1128/jb.120.3.1116-1123.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lara M., Blanco L., Campomanes M., Calva E., Palacios R., Mora J. Physiology of ammonium assimilation in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1982 Apr;150(1):105–112. doi: 10.1128/jb.150.1.105-112.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Legerton T. L., Weiss R. L. Mobilization of sequestered metabolities into degradative reactions by nutritional stress in Neurospora. J Bacteriol. 1979 Jun;138(3):909–914. doi: 10.1128/jb.138.3.909-914.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Legrain C., Vissers S., Dubois E., Legrain M., Wiame J. M. Regulation of glutamine synthetase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by repression, inactivation and proteolysis. Eur J Biochem. 1982 Apr;123(3):611–616. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1982.tb06576.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Limón-Lason J., Lara M., Resendiz B., Mora J. Regulation of glutamine synthetase in fed-batch cultures of Neurospora crassa. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1977 Oct 24;78(4):1234–1240. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(77)91425-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Palacios R. Neurospora crassa glutamine synthetase. Purification by affinity chromatography and characterization of subunit structure. J Biol Chem. 1976 Aug 10;251(15):4787–4791. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Premakumar R., Sorger G. J., Gooden D. Nitrogen metabolite repression of nitrate reductase in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1979 Mar;137(3):1119–1126. doi: 10.1128/jb.137.3.1119-1126.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Premakumar R., Sorger G. J., Gooden D. Physiological characterization of a Neurospora crassa mutant with impaired regulation of nitrate reductase. J Bacteriol. 1980 Nov;144(2):542–551. doi: 10.1128/jb.144.2.542-551.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sanchez S., Martinez L., Mora J. Interactions between amino acid transport systems in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1972 Oct;112(1):276–284. doi: 10.1128/jb.112.1.276-284.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schürch A., Miozzari J., Hütter R. Regulation of tryptophan biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: mode of action of 5-methyl-tryptophan and 5-methyl-tryptophan-sensitive mutants. J Bacteriol. 1974 Mar;117(3):1131–1140. doi: 10.1128/jb.117.3.1131-1140.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sánchez F., Campomanes M., Quinto C., Hansberg W., Mora J., Palacios R. Nitrogen source regulates glutamine synthetase mRNA levels in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1978 Dec;136(3):880–885. doi: 10.1128/jb.136.3.880-885.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vaca G., Mora J. Nitrogen regulation of arginase in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1977 Sep;131(3):719–725. doi: 10.1128/jb.131.3.719-725.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vichido I., Mora Y., Quinto C., Palacios R., Mora J. Nitrogen regulation of glutamine synthetase in Neurospora crassa. J Gen Microbiol. 1978 Jun;106(2):251–259. doi: 10.1099/00221287-106-2-251. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vogel H. J., Bonner D. M. ON THE GLUTAMATE-PROLINE-ORNITHINE INTERRELATION IN NEUROSPORA CRASSA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1954 Aug;40(8):688–694. doi: 10.1073/pnas.40.8.688. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wang L. W., Marzluf G. A. Nitrogen regulation of uricase synthesis in Neurospora crassa. Mol Gen Genet. 1979 Nov;176(3):385–392. doi: 10.1007/BF00333102. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weiss R. L., Davis R. H. Control of arginine utilization in Neurospora. J Bacteriol. 1977 Feb;129(2):866–873. doi: 10.1128/jb.129.2.866-873.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weiss R. L., Davis R. H. Intracellular localization of enzymes of arginine metabolism in Neurospora. J Biol Chem. 1973 Aug 10;248(15):5403–5408. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Weiss R. L. Intracellular localization of ornithine and arginine pools in Neurospora. J Biol Chem. 1973 Aug 10;248(15):5409–5413. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- van de Poll K. W. Ammonium repression in a mutant of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis lacking NADP dependent glutamate dehydrogenase activity. FEBS Lett. 1973 Jun 1;32(2):265–266. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(73)80848-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]