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. 1986 Sep-Oct;33(5):225–229.

Effects of Lidocaine with Epinephrine on Fear Related Arousal Among Dental Phobics

Louis Fiset, Douglas Ramsay, Peter Milgrom, Philip Weinstein
PMCID: PMC2177493  PMID: 3465257

Abstract

The effects of 2% lidocaine containing 72 μg epinephrine on fear related arousal were tested using a cross-over design on dental patients fearful of injections and other dental procedures. Heart rate and body movement in the dental operatory were monitored, and subjects' self-reported upset in the Epinephrine condition than in the No-Epinephrine condition (F = 4.8, p = .04), but the clinical significance was negligible. No interaction between initial fear levels and the drug condition could be established. Results suggest that pre-existing dental fear levels may produce greater self-report, behavioral or physiological arousal in the dental operatory than exogenous epinephrine.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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