Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1983 Sep;155(3):949–955. doi: 10.1128/jb.155.3.949-955.1983

Expression of hydroxamate and phenolate siderophores by Shigella flexneri.

S M Payne, D W Niesel, S S Peixotto, K M Lawlor
PMCID: PMC217785  PMID: 6224775

Abstract

Shigella flexneri strains were assayed for the ability to synthesize and utilize phenolate and hydroxamate siderophores. The hydroxamate aerobactin was synthesized by all isolates tested, whereas phenolates were only rarely produced. Expression of aerobactin was accompanied by production of a single iron-regulated outer membrane protein (Mr = 74,000). This protein was not produced by a mutant defective in aerobactin utilization and may serve as the aerobactin receptor. Phenolate (enterobactin)-producing strains synthesized three additional outer membrane proteins (Mr = 74,000, 81,000, and 83,000) in response to iron starvation. These proteins are the same apparent size as those produced by Escherichia coli K-12 strains. Ent sequences are apparently present in strains which do not synthesize this compound. Although normally silent, ent genes can be activated in Ent- strains to produce Ent+ variants. These laboratory variants are phenotypically indistinguishable from clinical Ent+ isolates.

Full text

PDF

Images in this article

952Image
on p.952
953Image
on p.953
954Image
on p.954

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Ames G. F. Resolution of bacterial proteins by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis on slabs. Membrane, soluble, and periplasmic fractions. J Biol Chem. 1974 Jan 25;249(2):634–644. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Atkin C. L., Neilands J. B., Phaff H. J. Rhodotorulic acid from species of Leucosporidium, Rhodosporidium, Rhodotorula, Sporidiobolus, and Sporobolomyces, and a new alanine-containing ferrichrome from Cryptococcus melibiosum. J Bacteriol. 1970 Sep;103(3):722–733. doi: 10.1128/jb.103.3.722-733.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bindereif A., Braun V., Hantke K. The cloacin receptor of ColV-bearing Escherichia coli is part of the Fe3+-aerobactin transport system. J Bacteriol. 1982 Jun;150(3):1472–1475. doi: 10.1128/jb.150.3.1472-1475.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Braun V., Hancock R. E., Hantke K., Hartmann A. Functional organization of the outer membrane of escherichia coli: phage and colicin receptors as components of iron uptake systems. J Supramol Struct. 1976;5(1):37–58. doi: 10.1002/jss.400050105. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Brot N., Goodwin J., Fales H. In vivo and in vitro formation of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoylserine by Escherichia coli K12. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1966 Nov 22;25(4):454–461. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(66)90227-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ernst J. F., Bennett R. L., Rothfield L. I. Constitutive expression of the iron-enterochelin and ferrichrome uptake systems in a mutant strain of Salmonella typhimurium. J Bacteriol. 1978 Sep;135(3):928–934. doi: 10.1128/jb.135.3.928-934.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Filip C., Fletcher G., Wulff J. L., Earhart C. F. Solubilization of the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli by the ionic detergent sodium-lauryl sarcosinate. J Bacteriol. 1973 Sep;115(3):717–722. doi: 10.1128/jb.115.3.717-722.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gibson F., Magrath D. I. The isolation and characterization of a hydroxamic acid (aerobactin) formed by Aerobacter aerogenes 62-I. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Nov 18;192(2):175–184. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(69)90353-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Grewal K. K., Warner P. J., Williams P. H. An inducible outer membrane protein involved in aerobactin-mediated iron transport by co1V strains of Escherichia coli. FEBS Lett. 1982 Apr 5;140(1):27–30. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(82)80513-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hollifield W. C., Jr, Neilands J. B. Ferric enterobactin transport system in Escherichia coli K-12. Extraction, assay, and specificity of the outer membrane receptor. Biochemistry. 1978 May 16;17(10):1922–1928. doi: 10.1021/bi00603a019. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Inouye M., Guthrie J. P. A mutation which changes a membrane protein of E. coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1969 Nov;64(3):957–961. doi: 10.1073/pnas.64.3.957. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. McIntosh M. A., Chenault S. S., Earhart C. F. Genetic and physiological studies on the relationship between colicin B resistance and ferrienterochelin uptake in Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1979 Jan;137(1):653–657. doi: 10.1128/jb.137.1.653-657.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Neilands J. B. Microbial envelope proteins related to iron. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1982;36:285–309. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.36.100182.001441. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Neilands J. B. Microbial iron compounds. Annu Rev Biochem. 1981;50:715–731. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.50.070181.003435. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. O'Brien I. G., Gibson F. The structure of enterochelin and related 2,3-dihydroxy-N-benzoylserine conjugates from Escherichia coli. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Aug 14;215(2):393–402. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(70)90038-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Payne S. M. Synthesis and utilization of siderophores by Shigella flexneri. J Bacteriol. 1980 Sep;143(3):1420–1424. doi: 10.1128/jb.143.3.1420-1424.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Perry R. D., San Clemente C. L. Siderophore synthesis in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Shigella sonnei during iron deficiency. J Bacteriol. 1979 Dec;140(3):1129–1132. doi: 10.1128/jb.140.3.1129-1132.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Pollack J. R., Neilands J. B. Enterobactin, an iron transport compound from Salmonella typhimurium. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1970 Mar 12;38(5):989–992. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(70)90819-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Pugsley A. P., Reeves P. The role of colicin receptors in the uptake of ferrienterochelin by Escherichia coli K-12. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1977 Feb 7;74(3):903–911. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(77)91604-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rogers H. J. Iron-Binding Catechols and Virulence in Escherichia coli. Infect Immun. 1973 Mar;7(3):445–456. doi: 10.1128/iai.7.3.445-456.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. SIMON E. H., TESSMAN I. THYMIDINE-REQUIRING MUTANTS OF PHAGE T4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1963 Sep;50:526–532. doi: 10.1073/pnas.50.3.526. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Warner P. J., Williams P. H., Bindereif A., Neilands J. B. ColV plasmid-specific aerobactin synthesis by invasive strains of Escherichia coli. Infect Immun. 1981 Aug;33(2):540–545. doi: 10.1128/iai.33.2.540-545.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Wilkins T. D., Lankford C. E. Production by Salmonella typhimurium of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoylserine, and its stimulation of growth in human serum. J Infect Dis. 1970 Feb;121(2):129–136. doi: 10.1093/infdis/121.2.129. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES