Abstract
Mice lethally infected with street rabies virus failed to develop cytotoxic T cells specific for rabies virus-infected target cells, whereas high levels of cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CMC) were generated after nonfatal infection with the attenuated high egg passage (HEP) or ERA rabies virus strains. Furthermore concurrent infection with street, but not with HEP, rabies virus suppresses development of a primary (but not a secondary) CMC response specific for influenza virus. No cross- reactivity is found between effector T-cell populations from mice immunized with HEP or with influenza virus. It thus appears that street rabies virus, which is not known to replicate in the cells of immune system, induces some general defect in the primary CMC lymphocyte response, though restimulation of memory T-cell populations is unimpaired and there is no defect in antibody formation. Development of fatal rabies may reflect the operation of this selective immunosuppressive mechanism.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (386.7 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Blanden R. V. T cell response to viral and bacterial infection. Transplant Rev. 1974;19(0):56–88. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1974.tb00128.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dierks R. E., Murphy F. A., Harrison A. K. Extraneural rabies virus infection. Virus development in fox salivary gland. Am J Pathol. 1969 Feb;54(2):251–273. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Doherty P. C., Blanden R. V., Zinkernagel R. M. Specificity of virus-immune effector T cells for H-2K or H-2D compatible interactions: implications for H-antigen diversity. Transplant Rev. 1976;29:89–124. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1976.tb00198.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Doherty P. C., Dunlop M. B., Parish C. R., Zinkernagel R. M. Inflammatory process in murine lymphocytic choriomeningitis is maximal in H-2K or H-2D compatible interactions. J Immunol. 1976 Jul;117(1):187–190. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Doherty P. C., Effros R. B., Bennink J. Heterogeneity of the cytotoxic response of thymus-derived lymphocytes after immunization with influenza viruses. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Mar;74(3):1209–1213. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.3.1209. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Effros R. B., Doherty P. C., Gerhard W., Bennink J. Generation of both cross-reactive and virus-specific T-cell populations after immunization with serologically distinct influenza A viruses. J Exp Med. 1977 Mar 1;145(3):557–568. doi: 10.1084/jem.145.3.557. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Fazekas de St Groth, Webster R. G. Disquisitions of Original Antigenic Sin. I. Evidence in man. J Exp Med. 1966 Sep 1;124(3):331–345. doi: 10.1084/jem.124.3.331. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kees U., Blanden R. V. A single genetic element in H-2K affects mouse T-cell antiviral function in poxvirus infection. J Exp Med. 1976 Feb 1;143(2):450–455. doi: 10.1084/jem.143.2.450. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sedwick W. D., Wiktor T. J. Reproducible plaquing system for rabies, lymphocytic choriomeningitis,k and other ribonucleic acid viruses in BHK-21-13S agarose suspensions. J Virol. 1967 Dec;1(6):1224–1226. doi: 10.1128/jvi.1.6.1224-1226.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sokol F., Kuwert E., Wiktor T. J., Hummeler K., Koprowski H. Purification of rabies virus grown in tissue culture. J Virol. 1968 Aug;2(8):836–849. doi: 10.1128/jvi.2.8.836-849.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stewart W. E., 2nd, Sulkin S. E. Interferon production in hamsters experimentally infected with rabies virus. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1966 Dec;123(3):650–654. doi: 10.3181/00379727-123-31568. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wiktor T. J., Doherty P. C., Koprowski H. In vitro evidence of cell-mediated immunity after exposure of mice to both live and inactivated rabies virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Jan;74(1):334–338. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.1.334. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wiktor T. J., Koprowski H., Rorke L. B. Localized rabies infection in mice. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1972 Jul;140(3):759–764. doi: 10.3181/00379727-140-36547. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Zinkernagel R. M., Welsh R. M. H-2 compatibility requirement for virus-specific T cell-mediated effector functions in vivo. I. Specificity of T cells conferring antiviral protection against lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus is associated with H-2K and H-2D. J Immunol. 1976 Nov;117(5 Pt 1):1495–1502. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]