Skip to main content
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1979 May;138(2):461–466. doi: 10.1128/jb.138.2.461-466.1979

Lipid and cell wall changes in an inositol-requiring mutant of Neurospora crassa.

B Hanson, S Brody
PMCID: PMC218199  PMID: 220215

Abstract

An inositol deficiency in the inositol-requiring (inl) mutant of Neurospora crassa led to changes in the composition of the inositol-containing lipids and the cell wall. On deficient levels of inositol, phosphatidyl inositol decreased by 23-fold, di(inositolphosphoryl) ceramide decreased by 4-fold, and monoinositolphosphoryl ceramide increased slightly. The inositol deficiency also led to an aberrant hyphal morphology and changes in both the amount of cell wall and the amino sugar content of the cell wall. The glucosamine content of the cell wall decreased by 50%, the galactosamine increased by 50%, but no significant changes were found in the content of the cell wall amino sugar precursors, or in the amino acid, glucose, or total hexose content of the cell wall. Inositol-containing compounds were found associated with purified cell wall material. These compounds were bound tightly to the cell wall but could be removed by treatment with alkali, a treatment which disrupts the cell wall integrity. Possible mechanisms of how changes in lipid composition can affect cell wall biosynthesis are discussed.

Full text

PDF
461

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bartnicki-Garcia S. Cell wall chemistry, morphogenesis, and taxonomy of fungi. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1968;22:87–108. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.22.100168.000511. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Becker G. W., Lester R. L. Changes in phospholipids of Saccharomyces cerevisiae associated with inositol-less death. J Biol Chem. 1977 Dec 10;252(23):8684–8691. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Durán A., Bowers B., Cabib E. Chitin synthetase zymogen is attached to the yeast plasma membrane. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Oct;72(10):3952–3955. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.10.3952. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Edson C. M., Brody S. Biochemical and genetic studies on galactosamine metabolism in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1976 May;126(2):799–805. doi: 10.1128/jb.126.2.799-805.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. FULLER R. C., BARRATT R. W., TATUM E. L. The relationship between hexachlorocyclohexane and inositol in Neurospora. J Biol Chem. 1950 Oct;186(2):823–827. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. GILES N. H., Jr Studies on the mechanism of reversion in biochemical mutants of Neurospora crassa. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1951;16:283–313. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1951.016.01.022. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. GILES N. H. Studies of reverse mutation in Neurospora crassa. Trans N Y Acad Sci. 1953 May;15(7):251–253. doi: 10.1111/j.2164-0947.1953.tb01317.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Giles N. H., Partridge C. W. The Effect of a Suppressor on Allelic Inositolless Mutants in Neurospora Crossa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1953 Jun;39(6):479–488. doi: 10.1073/pnas.39.6.479. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hubbard S. C., Brody S. Glycerophospholipid variation in choline and inositol auxotrophs of Neurospora crassa. Internal compensation among zwitterionic and anionic species. J Biol Chem. 1975 Sep 25;250(18):7173–7181. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Katz D., Rosenberger R. F. A mutation in Aspergillus nidulans producing hyphal walls which lack chitin. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Jun;208(3):452–460. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(70)90218-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Katz D., Rosenberger R. F. Hyphal wall synthesis in Aspergillus nidulans: effect of protein synthesis inhibition and osmotic shock on chitin insertion and morphogenesis. J Bacteriol. 1971 Oct;108(1):184–190. doi: 10.1128/jb.108.1.184-190.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lester R. L., Smith S. W., Wells G. B., Rees D. C., Angus W. W. The isolation and partial characterization of two novel sphingolipids from Neurospora crassa: di(inositolphosphoryl)ceramide and ((gal)3glu)ceramide. J Biol Chem. 1974 Jun 10;249(11):3388–3394. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Mahadevan P. R., Tatum E. L. Localization of structural polymers in the cell wall of Neurospora crassa. J Cell Biol. 1967 Nov;35(2):295–302. doi: 10.1083/jcb.35.2.295. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Mahadevan P. R., Tatum E. L. Relationship of the major constituents of the Neurospora crassa cell wall to wild-type and colonial morphology. J Bacteriol. 1965 Oct;90(4):1073–1081. doi: 10.1128/jb.90.4.1073-1081.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Marzluf G. A. Regulation of sulfate transport in neurospora by transinhibition and by inositol depletion. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1973 May;156(1):244–254. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(73)90362-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Matile P. Inositol deficiency resulting in death: an explanation of its occurrence in Neurospora crassa. Science. 1966 Jan 7;151(3706):86–88. doi: 10.1126/science.151.3706.86. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Munkres K. D. Ageing of Neurospora crassa. III. Induction of cellular death and clonal senescence of an inositol-less mutant by inositol starvation and the protective effect of dietary antioxidants. Mech Ageing Dev. 1976 May-Jun;5(3):163–169. doi: 10.1016/0047-6374(76)90016-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. NICKERSON W. J. SYMPOSIUM ON BIOCHEMICAL BASES OF MORPHOGENESIS IN FUNGI. IV. MOLECULAR BASES OF FORM IN YEASTS. Bacteriol Rev. 1963 Sep;27:305–324. doi: 10.1128/br.27.3.305-324.1963. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. POSTERNAK T., SCHOPFER W. H. Incorporation d'une substance anti-inositol dans les phospholipides de Neurospora crassa inositolless. Bull Soc Chim Biol (Paris) 1957 Sep 26;39(9-10):1037–1047. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Schmit J. C., Edson C. M., Brody S. Changes in glucosamine and galactosamine levels during conidial germination in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1975 Jun;122(3):1062–1070. doi: 10.1128/jb.122.3.1062-1070.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Smith S. W., Lester R. L. Inositol phosphorylceramide, a novel substance and the chief member of a major group of yeast sphingolipids containing a single inositol phosphate. J Biol Chem. 1974 Jun 10;249(11):3395–3405. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Sullivan J. L., Debusk A. G. Inositol-less death in Neurospora and cellular ageing. Nat New Biol. 1973 May 16;243(124):72–74. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Waechter C. J., Steiner M. R., Lester R. L. Regulation of phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis by the methylation pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 1969 Jun 25;244(12):3419–3422. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES