Abstract
The effect of different nitrogen compounds on the induction of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-nitrate reductase was examined in Neurospora crassa. Whereas in the wild-type strain several amino acids and ammonia inhibit the formation of nitrate reductase, only glutamine, cysteine, and histidine are shown to inhibit the synthesis of nitrate reductase in a glutamine-requiring auxotroph. None of the amino acids inhibited nitrate reductase activity in vitro. The effects of cysteine and histidine are nonspecific, these amino acids being inhibitory of the growth of the organism. The effect of glutamine on the induction of nitrate reductase is not due to an inhibition of the uptake of the inducer nitrate. By the use of histidine-, pyrimidine-, and arginine-requiring auxotrophs, it was shown that glutamine appears to act per se and does not seem to be converted to another product in order to be effective in repression. The repression of nitrate reductase by ammonia appears, from the results described herein, to be indirect; ammonia has to be converted first to glutamine in order to be effective in repression.
Full text
PDF![1119](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d97/218290/d41016f204b8/jbacter00286-0065.png)
![1120](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d97/218290/277acb2c3eaf/jbacter00286-0066.png)
![1121](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d97/218290/c1d706d5a940/jbacter00286-0067.png)
![1122](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d97/218290/7283e7fcd33a/jbacter00286-0068.png)
![1123](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d97/218290/e01fe1bcf91c/jbacter00286-0069.png)
![1124](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d97/218290/7f97f7e027ff/jbacter00286-0070.png)
![1125](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d97/218290/6e1683147320/jbacter00286-0071.png)
![1126](https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d97/218290/b3e7d1d115c7/jbacter00286-0072.png)
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Arst H. N., Jr, Cove D. J. Nitrogen metabolite repression in Aspergillus nidulans. Mol Gen Genet. 1973 Nov 2;126(2):111–141. doi: 10.1007/BF00330988. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bossinger J., Cooper T. Possible failure of NADP-glutamate dehydrogenase to participate directly in nitrogen repression of the allantoin degradative enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1975 Oct 6;66(3):889–892. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(75)90723-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dantzig A. H., Zurowski W. K., Ball T. M., Nason A. Induction and repression of nitrate reductase in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1978 Feb;133(2):671–679. doi: 10.1128/jb.133.2.671-679.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dubois E., Grenson M., Wiame J. M. Release of the "ammonia effect" on three catabolic enzymes by NADP-specific glutamate dehydrogenaseless mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1973 Feb 20;50(4):967–972. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(73)91500-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Dávila G., Sánchez F., Palacios R., Mora J. Genetics and physiology of Neurospora crassa glutamine auxotrophs. J Bacteriol. 1978 Jun;134(3):693–698. doi: 10.1128/jb.134.3.693-698.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Garrett R. H., Nason A. Further purification and properties of Neurospora nitrate reductase. J Biol Chem. 1969 Jun 10;244(11):2870–2882. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Garrett R. H., Nason A. Involvement of a B-type cytochrome in the assimilatory nitrate reductase of Neurospora crassa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Oct;58(4):1603–1610. doi: 10.1073/pnas.58.4.1603. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hynes M. J. Effects of ammonium, L-glutamate, and L-glutamine on nitrogen catabolism in Aspergillus nidulans. J Bacteriol. 1974 Dec;120(3):1116–1123. doi: 10.1128/jb.120.3.1116-1123.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KINSKY S. C. Induction and repression of nitrate reductase in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1961 Dec;82:898–904. doi: 10.1128/jb.82.6.898-904.1961. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ketchum P. A., Zeeb D. D., Owens M. S. Regulation of the Neurospora crassa assimilatory nitrate reductase. J Bacteriol. 1977 Sep;131(3):884–890. doi: 10.1128/jb.131.3.884-890.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lee K. Y., Erickson R., Pan S. S., Jones G., May F., Nason A. Effect of tungsten and vanadium on the in vitro assembly of assimilatory nitrate reductase utilizing Neurospora mutant nit-1. J Biol Chem. 1974 Jun 25;249(12):3953–3959. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pateman J. A., Kinghorn J. R., Dunn E., Forbes E. Ammonium regulation in Aspergillus nidulans. J Bacteriol. 1973 Jun;114(3):943–950. doi: 10.1128/jb.114.3.943-950.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reinert W. R., Marzluf G. A. Genetic and metabolic control of the purine catabolic enzymes of Neurospora crasse. Mol Gen Genet. 1975 Aug 5;139(1):39–55. doi: 10.1007/BF00267994. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SORGER G. J. SIMULTANEOUS INDUCTION AND REPRESSION OF NITRATE REDUCTASE AND TPNH CYTOCHROME REDUCTASE IN NEUROSPORA CRASSA. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1965 May 18;99:234–245. doi: 10.1016/s0926-6593(65)80120-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schloemen R. H., Garrett R. H. Nitrate transport system in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1974 Apr;118(1):259–269. doi: 10.1128/jb.118.1.259-269.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schloemer R. H., Garrett R. H. Uptake of nitrite by Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1974 Apr;118(1):270–274. doi: 10.1128/jb.118.1.270-274.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sorger G. J., Davies J. Regulation of nitrate reductase of Neurospora at the level of transcription and translation. Biochem J. 1973 Jul;134(3):673–685. doi: 10.1042/bj1340673. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sorger G. J., Debanne M. T., Davies J. Effect of nitrate on the synthesis and decay of nitrate reductase of Neurospora. Biochem J. 1974 Jun;140(3):395–403. doi: 10.1042/bj1400395. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sorger G. J., Giles N. H. Genetic control of nitrate reductase in Neurospora crassa. Genetics. 1965 Oct;52(4):777–788. doi: 10.1093/genetics/52.4.777. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Subramanian K. N., Padmanaban G., Sarma P. S. The regulation of nitrate reductase and catalase by amino acids in Neurospora crassa. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1968 Jan 8;151(1):20–32. doi: 10.1016/0005-2744(68)90157-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Subramanian K. N., Sorger G. J. Regulation of nitrate reductase in Neurospora crassa: regulation of transcription and translation. J Bacteriol. 1972 May;110(2):547–553. doi: 10.1128/jb.110.2.547-553.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Subramanian K. N., Sorger G. J. Regulation of nitrate reductase in Neurospora crassa: stability in vivo. J Bacteriol. 1972 May;110(2):538–546. doi: 10.1128/jb.110.2.538-546.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Subramanian K. N., Sorger G. J. The role of molybdenum in the synthesis of Neurospora nitrate reductase. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Feb 28;256(2):533–543. doi: 10.1016/0005-2728(72)90081-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Vaca G., Mora J. Nitrogen regulation of arginase in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol. 1977 Sep;131(3):719–725. doi: 10.1128/jb.131.3.719-725.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Walls S., Sorger G. J., Gooden D., Klein V. The regulation of the decay of nitrate reductase. Evidence for the existence of at least two mechanisms of decay. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1978 Apr 19;540(1):24–32. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(78)90431-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- van de Poll K. W. Ammonium repression in a mutant of Saccharomyces carlsbergensis lacking NADP dependent glutamate dehydrogenase activity. FEBS Lett. 1973 Jun 1;32(2):265–266. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(73)80848-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]