Abstract
We have described an interaction between two T cells subsets that results in interference with the expression of Ly-1-, 2+ (Ly-2) T cell- mediated suppression. We refer to this novel immunoregulatory activity as contrasuppression. The T cell responsible for the induction of contrasuppression (inducer cell) expresses the phenotype Ly-1-, 2+;I- J+;Qa-1+. This phenotype distinguishes it from the suppressor effector cells which we find to be I-J-2.3. An I-J+ soluble mediator from the contrasuppressor inducer cell acts on another cell (acceptor cell) that expresses the phenotype Ly-1+, 2+; I-J+; Qa-1+. This phenotype distinguishes it from T helper cells. Both the inducer cell (or its biologically active mediator) and its acceptor cell are required for the expression of contrasuppression. Because contrasuppressor cells can block the suppressive activity of cell-free mediators released by Ly-2 suppressor T cells, the mechanism of contrasuppression is either separated from or in addition to the inactivation of suppressor cells themselves. The potential importance of contrasuppressor activity in the regulation of suppressor T cell activity in allowing immunologic memory to be expressed and in permitting microenvironmental immune regulation is discussed.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (862.9 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Cantor H., Boyse E. A. Regulation of cellular and humoral immune responses by T-cell subclasses. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1977;41(Pt 1):23–32. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1977.041.01.006. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cantor H., Hugenberger J., McVay-Boudreau L., Eardley D. D., Kemp J., Shen F. W., Gershon R. K. Immunoregulatory circuits among T-cell sets. Identification of a subpopulation of T-helper cells that induces feedback inhibition. J Exp Med. 1978 Oct 1;148(4):871–877. doi: 10.1084/jem.148.4.871. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cunningham A. J., Szenberg A. Further improvements in the plaque technique for detecting single antibody-forming cells. Immunology. 1968 Apr;14(4):599–600. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Eardley D. D., Hugenberger J., McVay-Boudreau L., Shen F. W., Gershon R. K., Cantor H. Immunoregulatory circuits among T-cell sets. I. T-helper cells induce other T-cell sets to exert feedback inhibition. J Exp Med. 1978 Apr 1;147(4):1106–1115. doi: 10.1084/jem.147.4.1106. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Eardley D. D., Kemp J., Shen F. W., Cantor H., Gershon R. K. Immunoregulatory circuits among T cell sets: effect of mode of immunization on determining which Lyl T cell sets will be activated. J Immunol. 1979 May;122(5):1663–1665. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Eardley D. D., Murphy D. B., Kemp J. D., Shen F. W., Cantor H., Gershon R. K. Ly-1 inducer and Ly-1,2 acceptor T cells in the feedback suppression circuit bear an I-J-subregion controlled determinant. Immunogenetics. 1980;11(6):549–557. doi: 10.1007/BF01567824. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gershon R. K., Kondo K. Tolerance to sheep red cells: breakage with thymocytes and horse red cells. Science. 1972 Mar 3;175(4025):996–997. doi: 10.1126/science.175.4025.996. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Howie S., Parish C. R., David C. S., McKenzie I. F., Maurer P. H., Feldmann M. Serological analysis of antigen-specific helper factors specific for poly-L(Tyr, Glu)-poly-DLAla--poly-LLys [(T, G)-A--L] and L Glu60-LAla30-LTyr10 (GAT). Eur J Immunol. 1979 Jul;9(7):501–506. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830090703. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kontiainen S., Feldmann M. Suppressor-cell induction in vitro. IV. Target of antigen-specific suppressor factor and its genetic relationships. J Exp Med. 1978 Jan 1;147(1):110–122. doi: 10.1084/jem.147.1.110. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McDougal J. S., Shen F. W., Cort S. P., Bard J. Feedback suppression: phenotypes of T cell subsets involved in the Ly1 T cell-induced immunoregulatory circuit. J Immunol. 1980 Sep;125(3):1157–1160. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Murphy D. B., Herzenberg L. A., Okumura K., Herzenberg L. A., McDevitt H. O. A new I subregion (I-J) marked by a locus (Ia-4) controlling surface determinants on suppressor T lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1976 Sep 1;144(3):699–712. doi: 10.1084/jem.144.3.699. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Müller-Eberhard H. J. Chemistry and reaction mechanisms of complement. Adv Immunol. 1968;8:1–80. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60464-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tada T., Takemori T., Okumura K., Nonaka M., Tokuhisa T. Two distinct types of helper T cells involved in the secondary antibody response: independent and synergistic effects of Ia- and Ia+ helper T cells. J Exp Med. 1978 Feb 1;147(2):446–458. doi: 10.1084/jem.147.2.446. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WEIGLE W. O. Termination of acquired immunological tolerance to protein antigens following immunization with altered protein antigens. J Exp Med. 1962 Dec 1;116:913–928. doi: 10.1084/jem.116.6.913. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WEIGLE W. O. The immune response of rabbits tolerant to bovine serum albumin to the injection of other heterologous serum albumins. J Exp Med. 1961 Jul 1;114:111–125. doi: 10.1084/jem.114.1.111. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wysocki L. J., Sato V. L. "Panning" for lymphocytes: a method for cell selection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Jun;75(6):2844–2848. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.6.2844. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]