Skip to main content
PMC home page
The Journal of Experimental Medicine logoLink to The Journal of Experimental Medicine
. 1982 Feb 1;155(2):345–357. doi: 10.1084/jem.155.2.345

Murine serum glycoprotein gp70 behaves as an acute phase reactant

PMCID: PMC2186591  PMID: 7057139

Abstract

A single intraperitoneal injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or its lipid A component induced high levels of glycoprotein, gp70, in sera of several strains of mice within 24 h. This serum gp70 response induced by LPS was independent of the activation of B cells and the presence of T cells. However, serological and immunohistochemical studies demonstrated the production of gp70 by hepatic parenchymal cells and its subsequent release into the circulating blood. The expression of gp70 in the serum was enhanced not only by LPS but also other inducers of acute phase reactants (APR) such as turpentine oil or polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid. Further, the serum gp70 response was kinetically identical to those of APR. These results strongly suggest that (a) the liver may be the major source for serum gp70, (b) serum gp70 behaves like an APR, (c) its expression may be controlled by a mechanism similar to that for other APR, and (d) this glycoprotein apparently behaves as a normal host constituent and not a product of a viral genome.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (1.1 MB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Alper C. A., Raum D., Awdeh Z. L., Petersen B. H., Taylor P. D., Starzl T. E. Studies of hepatic synthesis in vivo of plasma proteins, including orosomucoid, transferrin, alpha 1-antitrypsin, C8, and factor B. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1980 May;16(1):84–89. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(80)90169-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Anacker R. L., Bickel W. D., Haskins W. T., Milner K. C., Ribi E., Rudbach J. A. Frequency of occurrence of native hapten among enterobacterial species. J Bacteriol. 1966 Apr;91(4):1427–1433. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.4.1427-1433.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Anukarahanonta T., Shinozuka H., Farber E. Inhibition of protein synthesis in rat liver by D-galactosamine. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol. 1973 Mar;5(2):481–491. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. August J. T., Bolognesi D. P., Fleissner E., Gilden R. V., Nowinski R. C. A proposed nomenclature for the virion proteins of oncogenic RNA viruses. Virology. 1974 Aug;60(2):595–600. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(74)90356-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Courtoy P. J., Lombart C., Feldmann G., Moguilevsky N., Rogier E. Synchronous increase of four acute phase proteins synthesized by the same hepatocytes during the inflammatory reaction: a combined biochemical and morphologic kinetics study in the rat. Lab Invest. 1981 Feb;44(2):105–115. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Coutinho A., Möller G. Thymus-independent B-cell induction and paralysis. Adv Immunol. 1975;21:113–236. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60220-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Del Vellano B. C., Nave B., Croker B. P., Lerner R. A., Dixon F. J. The oncornavirus glycoprotein gp69/71: a constituent of the surface of normal and malignant thymocytes. J Exp Med. 1975 Jan 1;141(1):172–187. doi: 10.1084/jem.141.1.172. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Elder J. H., Gautsch J. W., Jensen F. C., Lerner R. A., Chused T. M., Morse H. C., Hartley J. W., Rowe W. P. Differential expression of two distinct xenotropic viruses in NZB mice. Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1980 Mar;15(3):493–501. doi: 10.1016/0090-1229(80)90061-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Gustafsson J. A., Eneroth P., Pousette A., Skett P., Sonnenschein C., Stenberg A., Ahlén A. Programming and differentiation of rat liver enzymes. J Steroid Biochem. 1977 May;8(5):429–443. doi: 10.1016/0022-4731(77)90245-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hara I., Izui S., McConahey P. J., Elder J. H., Jensen F. C., Dixon F. J. Induction of high serum levels of retroviral env gene products (gp70) in mice by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jul;78(7):4397–4401. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.7.4397. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hino S., Stephenson J. R., Aaronson S. A. Radiommunoassays for the 70,000-molecular-weight glycoproteins of endogenous mouse type C viruses: viral antigen expression in normal mouse tissues and sera. J Virol. 1976 Jun;18(3):933–941. doi: 10.1128/jvi.18.3.933-941.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Izui S., Eisenberg R. A., Dixon F. J. IgM rheumatoid factors in mice injected with bacterial lipopolysaccharides. J Immunol. 1979 May;122(5):2096–2102. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Izui S., Elder J. H., McConahey P. J., Dixon F. J. Identification of retroviral gp70 and anti-gp70 antibodies involved in circulating immune complexes in NZB X NZW mice. J Exp Med. 1981 May 1;153(5):1151–1160. doi: 10.1084/jem.153.5.1151. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Izui S., Fernandes G., Hara I., McConahey P. J., Jensen F. C., Dixon F. J., Good R. A. Low-calorie diet selectively reduces expression of retroviral envelope glycoprotein gp70 in sera of NZB x NZW F1 hybrid mice. J Exp Med. 1981 Oct 1;154(4):1116–1124. doi: 10.1084/jem.154.4.1116. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Izui S., Kelley V. E., McConahey P. J., Dixon F. J. Selective suppression of retroviral gp70-anti-gp70 immune complex formation by prostaglandin E1 in murine systemic lupus erythematosus. J Exp Med. 1980 Dec 1;152(6):1645–1658. doi: 10.1084/jem.152.6.1645. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Izui S., McConahey P. J., Clark J. P., Hang L. M., Hara I., Dixon F. J. Retroviral gp70 immune complexes in NZB x NZW F2 mice with murine lupus nephritis. J Exp Med. 1981 Aug 1;154(2):517–528. doi: 10.1084/jem.154.2.517. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Izui S., McConahey P. J., Theofilopoulos A. N., Dixon F. J. Association of circulating retroviral gp70-anti-gp70 immune complexes with murine systemic lupus erythematosus. J Exp Med. 1979 May 1;149(5):1099–1116. doi: 10.1084/jem.149.5.1099. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Izui S., Morrison D. C., Curry B., Dixon F. J. Effect of lipid A-associated protein and lipid A on the expression of lipopolysaccharide activity. I. Immunological activity. Immunology. 1980 Jul;40(3):473–482. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lerner R. A., Wilson C. B., Villano B. C., McConahey P. J., Dixon F. J. Endogenous oncornaviral gene expression in adult and fetal mice: quantitative, histologic, and physiologic studies of the major viral glycorprotein, gp70. J Exp Med. 1976 Jan 1;143(1):151–166. doi: 10.1084/jem.143.1.151. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Mancini G., Carbonara A. O., Heremans J. F. Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion. Immunochemistry. 1965 Sep;2(3):235–254. doi: 10.1016/0019-2791(65)90004-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Mathison J. C., Ulevitch R. J. The clearance, tissue distribution, and cellular localization of intravenously injected lipopolysaccharide in rabbits. J Immunol. 1979 Nov;123(5):2133–2143. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. McAdam K. P., Ryan J. L. C57BL/10/CR mice: nonresponders to activation by the lipid a moiety of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. J Immunol. 1978 Jan;120(1):249–253. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. McAdam K. P., Sipe J. D. Murine model for human secondary amyloidosis: genetic variability of the acute-phase serum protein SAA response to endotoxins and casein. J Exp Med. 1976 Oct 1;144(4):1121–1127. doi: 10.1084/jem.144.4.1121. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. McLean I. W., Nakane P. K. Periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde fixative. A new fixation for immunoelectron microscopy. J Histochem Cytochem. 1974 Dec;22(12):1077–1083. doi: 10.1177/22.12.1077. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Moroni C., Schumann G. Are endogenous C-type viruses involved in the immune system? Nature. 1977 Oct 13;269(5629):600–601. doi: 10.1038/269600a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Morrison D. C., Leive L. Fractions of lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli O111:B4 prepared by two extraction procedures. J Biol Chem. 1975 Apr 25;250(8):2911–2919. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Morse H. C., 3rd, Chused T. M., Boehm-Truitt M., Mathieson B. J., Sharrow S. O., Hartley J. W. XenCSA: cell surface antigens related to the major glycoproteins (gp70) of xenotropic murine leukemia viruses. J Immunol. 1979 Feb;122(2):443–454. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. NEUHAUS O. W., LIU A. BIOCHEMICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF SERUM GLYCOPROTEINS. 3. HEPATIC PRODUCTION OF A1 AND A2 GLOBULINS RESPONDING TO INJURY. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1964 Oct;117:244–248. doi: 10.3181/00379727-117-29547. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Niwa M., Milner K. C., Ribi E., Rudbach J. A. Alteration of physical, chemical, and biological properties of endotoxin by treatment with mild alkali. J Bacteriol. 1969 Mar;97(3):1069–1077. doi: 10.1128/jb.97.3.1069-1077.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Obata Y., Ikeda H., Stockert E., Boyse E. A. Relation of GIX antigen of thymocytes to envelope glycoprotein of murine leukemia virus. J Exp Med. 1975 Jan 1;141(1):188–197. doi: 10.1084/jem.141.1.188. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Obata Y., Stockert E., Yamaguchi M., Boyse E. A. Source and hormone-dependence of Gix-gp70 in mouse serum. J Exp Med. 1978 Sep 1;148(3):793–798. doi: 10.1084/jem.148.3.793. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Redman C. M., Banerjee D., Howell K., Palade G. E. Colchicine inhibition of plasma protein release from rat hepatocytes. J Cell Biol. 1975 Jul;66(1):42–59. doi: 10.1083/jcb.66.1.42. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Sipe J. D. Induction of the acute-phase serum protein SAA requires both RNA and protein synthesis. Br J Exp Pathol. 1978 Jun;59(3):305–310. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Stein O., Stein Y. Colchicine-induced inhibition of very low density lipoprotein release by rat liver in vivo. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973 Apr 13;306(1):142–147. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(73)90219-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Stockert E., Old L. J., Boyse E. A. The G-IX system. A cell surface allo-antigen associated with murine leukemia virus; implications regarding chromosomal integration of the viral genome. J Exp Med. 1971 Jun 1;133(6):1334–1355. doi: 10.1084/jem.133.6.1334. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Strand M., August J. T. Oncornavirus envelope glycoprotein in serum of mice. Virology. 1976 Nov;75(1):130–144. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(76)90012-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Tung J. S., Vitetta E. S., Fleissner E., Boyse E. A. Biochemical evidence linking the GIX thymocyte surface antigen to the gp69/71 envelope glycoprotein of murine leukemia virus. J Exp Med. 1975 Jan 1;141(1):198–205. doi: 10.1084/jem.141.1.198. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Wecker E., Schimpl A., Hünig T. Expression of MuLV GP71-like antigen in normal mouse spleen cells induced by antigenic stimulation. Nature. 1977 Oct 13;269(5629):598–600. doi: 10.1038/269598a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Yen-Watson B., Kushner I. Rabbit CRP response to endotoxin administration: dose-response relationship and kinetics. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1974 Sep;146(4):1132–1136. doi: 10.3181/00379727-146-38260. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Yoshiki T., Mellors R. C., Strand M., August J. T. The viral envelope glycoprotein of murine leukemia virus and the pathogenesis of immune complex glomerulonephritis of New Zealand mice. J Exp Med. 1974 Oct 1;140(4):1011–1027. doi: 10.1084/jem.140.4.1011. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Experimental Medicine are provided here courtesy of The Rockefeller University Press

RESOURCES