Skip to main content
NCBI home page
The Journal of Experimental Medicine logoLink to The Journal of Experimental Medicine
. 1982 May 1;155(5):1480–1490. doi: 10.1084/jem.155.5.1480

Chromosomal location of human kappa and lambda immunoglobulin light chain constant region genes

OW McBride, PA Heiter, GF Hollis, D Swan, MC Otey, P Leder
PMCID: PMC2186665  PMID: 6802926

Abstract

The chromosomal location of human constant region light chain immunoglobulin (Ig) genes has been determined by analyzing a group of human fibroblast/rodent somatic cell hybrids with nucleic acid probes prepared from cloned human kappa and lambda constant region genes. Human chromosomes in each cell line were identified by isoenzyme analysis. The DNA from hybrid cells was digested with restriction endonucleases, size fractionated by gel electrophoresis, transferred to nitrocellulose or DBM paper, and hybridized with (32)P-labeled nucleic acid probes. The C(κ) gene was assigned to human chromosome 2 and the C(λ) genes to chromosome 22, based upon analysis of these hybrid cell lines, and these assignments were confirmed by analysis of subclones. A group of previously unassigned loci can be mapped to chromosome 2 by virtue of their close linkage to C(κ). The λ and κ light chain and heavy chain Ig genes have now been assigned to all three human chromosomes that are involved in translocations with chromosome 8 in human B cell neoplasms. These techniques and probes provide a means to study the detailed arrangement of human Ig genes and their pseudogenes.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (987.6 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Alwine J. C., Kemp D. J., Parker B. A., Reiser J., Renart J., Stark G. R., Wahl G. M. Detection of specific RNAs or specific fragments of DNA by fractionation in gels and transfer to diazobenzyloxymethyl paper. Methods Enzymol. 1979;68:220–242. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(79)68017-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bernheim A., Berger R., Lenoir G. Cytogenetic studies on African Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines: t(8;14), t(2;8) and t(8;22) translocations. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1981 Jun;3(4):307–315. doi: 10.1016/0165-4608(81)90039-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Brack C., Hirama M., Lenhard-Schuller R., Tonegawa S. A complete immunoglobulin gene is created by somatic recombination. Cell. 1978 Sep;15(1):1–14. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90078-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Croce C. M., Shander M., Martinis J., Cicurel L., D'Ancona G. G., Dolby T. W., Koprowski H. Chromosomal location of the genes for human immunoglobulin heavy chains. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jul;76(7):3416–3419. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.7.3416. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. D'Eustachio P., Bothwell A. L., Takaro T. K., Baltimore D., Ruddle F. H. Chromosomal location of structural genes encoding murine immunoglobulin lambda light chains. Genetics of murine lambda light chains. J Exp Med. 1981 Apr 1;153(4):793–800. doi: 10.1084/jem.153.4.793. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. D'Eustachio P., Pravtcheva D., Marcu K., Ruddle F. H. Chromosomal location of the structural gene cluster encoding murine immunoglobulin heavy chains. J Exp Med. 1980 Jun 1;151(6):1545–1550. doi: 10.1084/jem.151.6.1545. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Davidson R. L., Gerald P. S. Improved techniques for the induction of mammalian cell hybridization by polyethylene glycol. Somatic Cell Genet. 1976 Mar;2(2):165–176. doi: 10.1007/BF01542629. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Di Cioccio R. A., Voss R., Krim M., Grzeschik K. H., Siniscalco M. Identification of human RNA transcripts among heterogeneous nuclear RNA from man-mouse somatic cell hybrids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 May;72(5):1868–1872. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.5.1868. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Erikson J., Martinis J., Croce C. M. Assignment of the genes for human lambda immunoglobulin chains to chromosome 22. Nature. 1981 Nov 12;294(5837):173–175. doi: 10.1038/294173a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hieter P. A., Hollis G. F., Korsmeyer S. J., Waldmann T. A., Leder P. Clustered arrangement of immunoglobulin lambda constant region genes in man. Nature. 1981 Dec 10;294(5841):536–540. doi: 10.1038/294536a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hieter P. A., Korsmeyer S. J., Waldmann T. A., Leder P. Human immunoglobulin kappa light-chain genes are deleted or rearranged in lambda-producing B cells. Nature. 1981 Apr 2;290(5805):368–372. doi: 10.1038/290368a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hieter P. A., Max E. E., Seidman J. G., Maizel J. V., Jr, Leder P. Cloned human and mouse kappa immunoglobulin constant and J region genes conserve homology in functional segments. Cell. 1980 Nov;22(1 Pt 1):197–207. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90168-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. KIT S., DUBBS D. R., PIEKARSKI L. J., HSU T. C. DELETION OF THYMIDINE KINASE ACTIVITY FROM L CELLS RESISTANT TO BROMODEOXYURIDINE. Exp Cell Res. 1963 Aug;31:297–312. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(63)90007-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Littlefield J. W. The use of drug-resistant markers to study the hybridization of mouse fibroblasts. Exp Cell Res. 1966 Jan;41(1):190–196. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(66)90558-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Meera Khan P., Robson E. B. Report of the committee on the genetic constitution of chromosomes 7, 8, and 9. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1979;25(1-4):39–46. doi: 10.1159/000131398. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Nichols E. A., Ruddle F. H. A review of enzyme polymorphism, linkage and electrophoretic conditions for mouse and somatic cell hybrids in starch gels. J Histochem Cytochem. 1973 Dec;21(12):1066–1081. doi: 10.1177/21.12.1066. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Ohno S., Babonits M., Wiener F., Spira J., Klein G., Potter M. Nonrandom chromosome changes involving the Ig gene-carrying chromosomes 12 and 6 in pristane-induced mouse plasmacytomas. Cell. 1979 Dec;18(4):1001–1007. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90212-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Owerbach D., Doyle D., Shows T. B. Genetics of the large, external, transformation-sensitive (LETS) protein: assignment of a gene coding for expression of LETS to human chromosome 8. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Nov;75(11):5640–5644. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.11.5640. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Ploegh H. L., Orr H. T., Strominger J. L. Molecular cloning of a human histocompatibility antigen cDNA fragment. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Oct;77(10):6081–6085. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.10.6081. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Polsky F., Edgell M. H., Seidman J. G., Leder P. High capacity gel preparative electrophoresis for purification of fragments of genomic DNA. Anal Biochem. 1978 Jul 1;87(2):397–410. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(78)90689-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rigby P. W., Dieckmann M., Rhodes C., Berg P. Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I. J Mol Biol. 1977 Jun 15;113(1):237–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Rowley J. D. Chromosome abnormalities in human leukemia. Annu Rev Genet. 1980;14:17–39. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.14.120180.000313. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Sakano H., Hüppi K., Heinrich G., Tonegawa S. Sequences at the somatic recombination sites of immunoglobulin light-chain genes. Nature. 1979 Jul 26;280(5720):288–294. doi: 10.1038/280288a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Seabright M. A rapid banding technique for human chromosomes. Lancet. 1971 Oct 30;2(7731):971–972. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)90287-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Seidman J. G., Nau M. M., Norman B., Kwan S. P., Scharff M., Leder P. Immunoglobulin V/J recombination is accompanied by deletion of joining site and variable region segments. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Oct;77(10):6022–6026. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.10.6022. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Swan D., D'Eustachio P., Leinwand L., Seidman J., Keithley D., Ruddle F. H. Chromosomal assignment of the mouse kappa light chain genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Jun;76(6):2735–2739. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.6.2735. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Weiss M. C., Ephrussi B., Scaletta L. J. Loss of T-antigen from somatic hybrids between mouse cells and SV40-transformed human cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Apr;59(4):1132–1135. doi: 10.1073/pnas.59.4.1132. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Wyandt H. E., Wysham D. G., Minden S. K., Anderson R. S., Hecht F. Mechanisms of giemsa banding of chromosomes. I. Giemsa-11 banding with azure and eosin. Exp Cell Res. 1976 Oct 1;102(1):85–94. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(76)90302-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Zech L., Haglund U., Nilsson K., Klein G. Characteristic chromosomal abnormalities in biopsies and lymphoid-cell lines from patients with Burkitt and non-Burkitt lymphomas. Int J Cancer. 1976 Jan 15;17(1):47–56. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910170108. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Experimental Medicine are provided here courtesy of The Rockefeller University Press

RESOURCES