Abstract
This report describes a salvage pathway whereby activated T lymphocytes revert to nonproliferating cells in the absence of antigen or mitogenic signals. After the removal of mitogenic cytokines, cultured T lymphocytes cease dividing and rapidly begin to undergo cell death. However, the addition of fibroblasts to interleukin 2 (IL-2)-propagated T cells results in prolonged survival of the previously activated T lymphocytes in the absence of proliferation. The prevention of cell death is also achieved by conditioned medium from the fibroblasts. T lymphocytes cultured with fibroblasts or the conditioned medium retain the ability to be restimulated if mitogenic stimuli are added to the culture. The activity is not accounted for by IL-1-7. The studies suggest a stromal cell-mediated, nonspecific mechanism for survival of primed T lymphocytes in a nonproliferating state.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (450.9 KB).
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Beverley P. C. Is T-cell memory maintained by crossreactive stimulation? Immunol Today. 1990 Jun;11(6):203–205. doi: 10.1016/0167-5699(90)90083-l. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Gillis S., Ferm M. M., Ou W., Smith K. A. T cell growth factor: parameters of production and a quantitative microassay for activity. J Immunol. 1978 Jun;120(6):2027–2032. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Jenkinson E. J., Kingston R., Smith C. A., Williams G. T., Owen J. J. Antigen-induced apoptosis in developing T cells: a mechanism for negative selection of the T cell receptor repertoire. Eur J Immunol. 1989 Nov;19(11):2175–2177. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830191132. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kishimoto T. The biology of interleukin-6. Blood. 1989 Jul;74(1):1–10. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kurnick J. T., Grönvik K. O., Kimura A. K., Lindblom J. B., Skoog V. T., Sjöberg O., Wigzell H. Long term growth in vitro of human T cell blasts with maintenance of specificity and function. J Immunol. 1979 Apr;122(4):1255–1260. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mayer T. G., Fuller A. A., Fuller T. C., Lazarovits A. I., Boyle L. A., Kurnick J. T. Characterization of in vivo-activated allospecific T lymphocytes propagated from human renal allograft biopsies undergoing rejection. J Immunol. 1985 Jan;134(1):258–264. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McConkey D. J., Hartzell P., Amador-Pérez J. F., Orrenius S., Jondal M. Calcium-dependent killing of immature thymocytes by stimulation via the CD3/T cell receptor complex. J Immunol. 1989 Sep 15;143(6):1801–1806. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Morgan D. A., Ruscetti F. W., Gallo R. Selective in vitro growth of T lymphocytes from normal human bone marrows. Science. 1976 Sep 10;193(4257):1007–1008. doi: 10.1126/science.181845. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Park L. S., Friend D. J., Schmierer A. E., Dower S. K., Namen A. E. Murine interleukin 7 (IL-7) receptor. Characterization on an IL-7-dependent cell line. J Exp Med. 1990 Apr 1;171(4):1073–1089. doi: 10.1084/jem.171.4.1073. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sanders M. E., Makgoba M. W., Shaw S. Human naive and memory T cells: reinterpretation of helper-inducer and suppressor-inducer subsets. Immunol Today. 1988 Jul-Aug;9(7-8):195–199. doi: 10.1016/0167-5699(88)91212-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Stamenkovic I., Stegagno M., Wright K. A., Krane S. M., Amento E. P., Colvin R. B., Duquesnoy R. J., Kurnick J. T. Clonal dominance among T-lymphocyte infiltrates in arthritis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Feb;85(4):1179–1183. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.4.1179. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Svedmyr E. Long-term maintenance in vitro of human T cells by repeated exposure to the same stimulator cells. Differences when using repeated stimulation in allogeneic mixed leukocyte culture and when using stimulation with autologous lymphoblastoid cells. Scand J Immunol. 1975 Sep;4(5-6):421–427. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3083.1975.tb02647.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]