Skip to main content
The Journal of Experimental Medicine logoLink to The Journal of Experimental Medicine
. 1989 Aug 1;170(2):607–612. doi: 10.1084/jem.170.2.607

Tumor necrosis factor identified in multiple sclerosis brain

PMCID: PMC2189402  PMID: 2754393

Abstract

Frozen brain specimens from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurologic diseases were analyzed using immunocytochemical techniques for the presence of TNF. In brain lesions in MS, and subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, TNF+ cells were demonstrated. At the lesion site in MS, TNF+ staining is associated with both astrocytes and macrophages. These observations were not made in Alzheimer's disease or normal brain tissue. The presence of TNF in MS lesions suggests a significant role for cytokines and the immune response in disease progression.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (424.9 KB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Fontana A., Fierz W., Wekerle H. Astrocytes present myelin basic protein to encephalitogenic T-cell lines. Nature. 1984 Jan 19;307(5948):273–276. doi: 10.1038/307273a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Fontana A., Kristensen F., Dubs R., Gemsa D., Weber E. Production of prostaglandin E and an interleukin-1 like factor by cultured astrocytes and C6 glioma cells. J Immunol. 1982 Dec;129(6):2413–2419. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Fontana A., Weber E., Dayer J. M. Synthesis of interleukin 1/endogenous pyrogen in the brain of endotoxin-treated mice: a step in fever induction? J Immunol. 1984 Oct;133(4):1696–1698. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Frei K., Siepl C., Groscurth P., Bodmer S., Schwerdel C., Fontana A. Antigen presentation and tumor cytotoxicity by interferon-gamma-treated microglial cells. Eur J Immunol. 1987 Sep;17(9):1271–1278. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830170909. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Hofman F. M., Yanagihara E., Byrne B., Billing R., Baird S., Frisman D., Taylor C. R. Analysis of B-cell antigens in normal reactive lymphoid tissue using four B-cell monoclonal antibodies. Blood. 1983 Oct;62(4):775–783. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hofman F. M., von Hanwehr R. I., Dinarello C. A., Mizel S. B., Hinton D., Merrill J. E. Immunoregulatory molecules and IL 2 receptors identified in multiple sclerosis brain. J Immunol. 1986 May 1;136(9):3239–3245. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Imamura K., Spriggs D., Kufe D. Expression of tumor necrosis factor receptors on human monocytes and internalization of receptor bound ligand. J Immunol. 1987 Nov 1;139(9):2989–2992. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kehrl J. H., Miller A., Fauci A. S. Effect of tumor necrosis factor alpha on mitogen-activated human B cells. J Exp Med. 1987 Sep 1;166(3):786–791. doi: 10.1084/jem.166.3.786. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Merrill J. E., Strom S. R., Ellison G. W., Myers L. W. In vitro study of mediators of inflammation in multiple sclerosis. J Clin Immunol. 1989 Mar;9(2):84–96. doi: 10.1007/BF00916935. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Prineas J. W., Wright R. G. Macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells in the perivascular compartment in chronic multiple sclerosis. Lab Invest. 1978 Apr;38(4):409–421. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Robbins D. S., Shirazi Y., Drysdale B. E., Lieberman A., Shin H. S., Shin M. L. Production of cytotoxic factor for oligodendrocytes by stimulated astrocytes. J Immunol. 1987 Oct 15;139(8):2593–2597. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Selmaj K. W., Raine C. S. Tumor necrosis factor mediates myelin and oligodendrocyte damage in vitro. Ann Neurol. 1988 Apr;23(4):339–346. doi: 10.1002/ana.410230405. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Traugott U. Characterization and distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations in multiple sclerosis plaques versus autoimmune demyelinating lesions. Springer Semin Immunopathol. 1985;8(1-2):71–95. doi: 10.1007/BF00197248. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Wong G. H., Bartlett P. F., Clark-Lewis I., Battye F., Schrader J. W. Inducible expression of H-2 and Ia antigens on brain cells. Nature. 1984 Aug 23;310(5979):688–691. doi: 10.1038/310688a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Experimental Medicine are provided here courtesy of The Rockefeller University Press

RESOURCES