Skip to main content
NCBI home page
The Journal of General Physiology logoLink to The Journal of General Physiology
. 1976 Jun 1;67(6):661–678. doi: 10.1085/jgp.67.6.661

Synaptic organization and ionic basis of on and off channels in mudpuppy retina. II. Chloride-dependent ganglion cell mechanisms

PMCID: PMC2214978  PMID: 932669

Abstract

Extracellular ganglion cell recordings in the perfused mudpuppy eyecup show that a chloride-free (c-f) perfusate abolishes the center and surround excitation of on-center cells, the surround excitation of off- center cells, and the on discharge of on-off cells. These changes in ganglion cell receptive field organization are anticipated in view of the effects of a c-f environment on the neurons which are presynaptic to the ganglion cells. However, chloride-dependent inhibitory postsynaptic (IPS) responses have been observed in on-off ganglion cells. These inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSP's) are preceeded by (ESPS's) exitatory postsynaptic potentials and are apparently mediated by amacrine cells. The light-activated hyperpolarization of off cells is not the result of a chloride-dependent IPSP and probably results from disfacilitation.

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (1.1 MB).

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Barlow H. B., Levick W. R. Changes in the maintained discharge with adaptation level in the cat retina. J Physiol. 1969 Jun;202(3):699–718. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1969.sp008836. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. COOMBS J. S., ECCLES J. C., FATT P. The specific ionic conductances and the ionic movements across the motoneuronal membrane that produce the inhibitory post-synaptic potential. J Physiol. 1955 Nov 28;130(2):326–374. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1955.sp005412. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. DEL CASTILLO J., KATZ B. Production of membrane potential changes in the frog's heart by inhibitory nerve impulses. Nature. 1955 Jun 11;175(4467):1035–1035. doi: 10.1038/1751035a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dacheux R. F., Miller R. F. Photoreceptor-bipolar cell transmission in the perfused retina eyecup of the mudpuppy. Science. 1976 Mar 5;191(4230):963–964. doi: 10.1126/science.175443. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Dowling J. E., Ripps H. Effect of magnesium on horizontal cell activity in the skate retina. Nature. 1973 Mar 9;242(5393):101–103. doi: 10.1038/242101a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Dowling J. E., Werblin F. S. Organization of retina of the mudpuppy, Necturus maculosus. I. Synaptic structure. J Neurophysiol. 1969 May;32(3):315–338. doi: 10.1152/jn.1969.32.3.315. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Ehinger B., Falck B. Autoradiography of some suspected neurotransmitter substances: GABA glycine, glutamic acid, histamine, dopamine, and L-dopa. Brain Res. 1971 Oct 8;33(1):157–172. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(71)90314-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. GERSCHENFELD H. M., CHIARANDINI D. J. IONIC MECHANISM ASSOCIATED WITH NON-CHOLINERGIC SYNAPTIC INHIBITION IN MOLLUSCAN NEURONS. J Neurophysiol. 1965 Jul;28:710–723. doi: 10.1152/jn.1965.28.4.710. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. GREEN J. D. A simple microelectrode for recording from the central nervous system. Nature. 1958 Oct 4;182(4640):962–962. doi: 10.1038/182962a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Graham L. T. Intraretinal distribution of GABA content and GAD activity. Brain Res. 1972 Jan 28;36(2):476–479. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(72)90759-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Jung R. Neuronale Grundlagen des Hell-Dunkelsehens und der Farbwahrnehmung. Ber Zusammenkunft Dtsch Ophthalmol Ges. 1965;66:69–111. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. KERKUT G. A., THOMAS R. C. THE EFFECT OF ANION INJECTION AND CHANGES IN THE EXTERNAL POTASSIUM AND CHLORIDE CONCENTRATION ON THE REVERSAL POTENTIALS OF THE IPSP AND ACETYLCHOLINE. Comp Biochem Physiol. 1964 Feb;11:199–213. doi: 10.1016/0010-406x(64)90163-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Levick W. R. Another tungsten microelectrode. Med Biol Eng. 1972 Jul;10(4):510–515. doi: 10.1007/BF02474199. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Miller R. F., Aacheux R. F. Information processing in the retina: importance of chloride ions. Science. 1973 Jul 20;181(4096):266–268. doi: 10.1126/science.181.4096.266. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Miller R. F., Dacheux R. F. Synaptic organization and ionic basis of on and off channels in mudpuppy retina. I. Intracellular analysis of chloride-sensitive electrogenic properties of receptors, horizontal cells, bipolar cells, and amacrine cells. J Gen Physiol. 1976 Jun;67(6):639–659. doi: 10.1085/jgp.67.6.639. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Miller R. F., Dacheux R. F. Synaptic organization and ionic basis of on and off channels in mudpuppy retina. III. A model of ganglion cell receptive field organization based on chloride-free experiments. J Gen Physiol. 1976 Jun;67(6):679–690. doi: 10.1085/jgp.67.6.679. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Miller R. F., Dacheux R. Chloride-sensitive receptive field mechanisms in the isolated retina-eye cup of the rabbit. Brain Res. 1975 Jun 13;90(2):329–334. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(75)90315-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Miller R. F., Dacheux R. Dendritic and somatic spikes in mudpuppy amacrine cells: indentification and TTX sensitivity. Brain Res. 1976 Mar 5;104(1):157–162. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(76)90657-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Motokizawa F., Reuben J. P., Grundfest H. Ionic permeability of the inhibitory postsynaptic membrane of lobster muscle fibers. J Gen Physiol. 1969 Oct;54(4):437–461. doi: 10.1085/jgp.54.4.437. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Nishi S., Minota S., Karczmar A. G. Primary afferent neurones: the ionic mechanism of GABA-mediated depolarization. Neuropharmacology. 1974 Mar;13(3):215–219. doi: 10.1016/0028-3908(74)90110-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Takeuchi A., Takeuchi N. Anion permeability of the inhibitory post-synaptic membrane of the crayfish neuromuscular junction. J Physiol. 1967 Aug;191(3):575–590. doi: 10.1113/jphysiol.1967.sp008269. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Trifonov Iu A., Byzov A. L. Reaktsiia kletok-istochnikov s-potentsialov setchatki cherepakhi-na tok propuskaemyi cherez glaznoi bokal. Biofizika. 1965;10(4):673–680. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Voaden M. J., Starr M. S. The efflux of radioactive GABA from rat retina in vitro. Vision Res. 1972 Apr;12(4):559–566. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(72)90151-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Werblin F. S., Dowling J. E. Organization of the retina of the mudpuppy, Necturus maculosus. II. Intracellular recording. J Neurophysiol. 1969 May;32(3):339–355. doi: 10.1152/jn.1969.32.3.339. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of General Physiology are provided here courtesy of The Rockefeller University Press

RESOURCES